https://tinyurl.com/y6thjmw8
This is an addendum to:
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Hieroglyph: harrow: maĩd ʻrude harrow or clod breakerʼ (Marathi) rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'
pajhaṛ = to sprout from a root (Santali); Rebus:pasra 'smithy, forge' (Santali)
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Sign 403 is a duplication of Sign 373;![]()
Sign 407 is a duplication Sign 373 with an inlaid slanted stroke.dhāḷ 'slanted stroke' rebus: dhāḷako 'ingot'![]()
dula 'pair' rebus: dul 'metal casting' PLUS mũhã̄ 'bun ingot' Sign 373 has the shape of oval or lozenge is the shape of a bun ingot. mũhã̄ = the quantity of iron produced at one time in a furnace. PLUS dhāḷ 'slanted stroke' rebus: dhāḷako 'ingot'. Thus, Sign 407 is read as: mũhã̄ dhāḷako 'bun- or oval-shaped ingot'.
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Variant of Sign 247![]()
This is explained as 'four divisions' with inlaid 'notch' hieroglyph. खांडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag, notch, or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or weapon). (Marathi) Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans' This is a semantic determinative of four divisions of a square: khaṇḍa 'division', gaṇḍa 'four' rebus: hāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans'
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This sign 172 is read rebus as: dula 'pair' rebus: dul 'metal casting' PLUS maĩd ʻrude harrow or clod breakerʼ (Marathi) rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'. Thus, together, read rebus as: dul mẽṛhẽt cast iron -- attested as a Santali expression meaning 'cast iron'..![]()
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harrow: maĩd ʻrude harrow or clod breakerʼ (Marathi) rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'
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ato 'claws or pincers (chelae) of crabs'; ḍaṭom, ḍiṭom to seize with the claws or pincers, as crabs, scorpions; Rebus: dhatu 'mineral ore'.
This is an addendum to:
Khirsara provides archaeometallurgical evidence of
1. rudimentary, practical knowledge of litharge, 2. metaphor of Samudramanthanam narrative and 3. an evolutionary History of Hindu Chemistry
Thanks to Nirjhar Mukhopadhyaya for identifying the continuity of an Indus Script hieroglyph on punch-marked coins on this Facebook post:
Harappan seal from Khirsara with Indus script symbols. Note the symbol in the circle, now the same symbol occurs in later punch-marked coins of Magadha Janapada. Keezhadi isn't the only site with symbols resembling Indus signs. Via A.S.
See also: https://www.facebook.com/groups/416065382227600/permalink/694801307687338/
See also: https://www.facebook.com/groups/416065382227600/permalink/694801307687338/
pajhaṛ = to sprout from a root (Santali); Rebus:pasra 'smithy, forge' (Santali)
Sign 403 is a duplication of Sign 373;
Sign 407 is a duplication Sign 373 with an inlaid slanted stroke.dhāḷ 'slanted stroke' rebus: dhāḷako 'ingot'
Variant of Sign 247
This is explained as 'four divisions' with inlaid 'notch' hieroglyph. खांडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag, notch, or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or weapon). (Marathi) Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans' This is a semantic determinative of four divisions of a square: khaṇḍa 'division', gaṇḍa 'four' rebus: hāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans' Duplicated harrow: ![]()
Duplicated Sign 171 is Sign 172
Duplicated Sign 171 is Sign 172
This sign 172 is read rebus as: dula 'pair' rebus: dul 'metal casting' PLUS maĩd ʻrude harrow or clod breakerʼ (Marathi) rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'. Thus, together, read rebus as: dul mẽṛhẽt cast iron -- attested as a Santali expression meaning 'cast iron'..
aya 'fish' rebus: ayas 'alloy metal'
harrow: maĩd ʻrude harrow or clod breakerʼ (Marathi) rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'ḍ
Thus, the Khirasara tablet signifies a metalwork catalogue of a smithy/forge:
dhatu 'mineral ore'
mẽṛhẽt, meḍ 'iron'
ayas 'alloy metal'
dul med 'cast iron'.
खांडा [ khāṇḍā ] m A jag, notch, or indentation (as upon the edge of a tool or weapon). (Marathi) Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans' This is a semantic determinative of four divisions of a square: khaṇḍa 'division', gaṇḍa 'four' rebus: hāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans'
mũhã̄ dhāḷako 'bun- or oval-shaped ingot'.
pasra 'smithy, forge'
This explains why the square divided into four segments with an inlaid 'notch' hieroglyph continues to be used on punch-marked coins of mints.
Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Centre