https://tinyurl.com/y5wneaqr

-- Unicorn, Indus Script hieroglyphs read Meluhha rebus as kō̃da-khār-karaṇī'smelter blacksmith, supercargo, scribe', kunda-kara'turner, lapidary', kunda'treasure'kundaṇa'fine gold'

-- Unicorn, composite animal खोंड khōṇḍa'young bull' PLUS khara'onager' read rebus: kunda-kara'turner, lapidary', kō̃da-khār'smelter blacksmith'; kunda'one of the nine treasures of Kubera'; kundaṇa 'fine gold'; karṇī 'ear' rebus: karaṇī 'supercargo, scribe'

-- Unicorn of Indus Script is a composite animal with body of young bull, head & ear of onager, crumpled horn

Identifying hieroglyph components of unicorn, as a composite animal of Indus Script

On the pattern of ligaturing technique to create a composite animal, the 'unicorn' pictorial motif of Indus Script can be seen as a hypertext composition with distinct hieroglyphic ligatures. See Annex:Harappan chimaera analysed by Dennys Frenez and Massimo Vidale.

On seal m008 of Mohenjo-daro, such ligatures or component hieroglyphs are idenified as: 1. one wavy, serrated, crumpled horn; 2. ear; 3. head, including face; 4. pannier; 5. the body of the animal is a young bull. 

Each of these five hieroglyph components of the composition is read rebus in Meluhha:

1. mer̥ha deren'crumpled horn' rebus: meḍ'iron' (Mu.Ho.),med'copper' (Slavic) PLUS tiṟ(u)'trade, exchange, barter.'

2. karṇī 'ear' rebus: karaṇī 'supercargo, scribe' [supercargo in charge as 'a representative of the ship's owner on board a merchant ship, responsible for overseeing the cargo and its sale.'

3.Head of onager: khara'onager' rebus: khār खार्'blacksmith'(Kashmiri) kāruvu 'artisan' (Telugu)

4. Pannier: khōṇḍa 'sack, pannier'khōṇḍī 'pannier sack'खोंडी (Marathi) Rebus: kunda 'nidhi'; kō̃daकोँद 'kiln, furnace for smelting'  This is a semantic determinative of the body of the animal.

5. Body of the animal: खोंड khōṇḍa m A young bull, a bullcalf. (Marathi) rebus: kō̃da कोँद 'kiln, furnace for smelting'; kunda 'a treasure of Kubera'Rebus:  Ta. kuntaṉam interspace for setting gems in a jewel; fine gold (< Te.). Ka. kundaṇa setting a precious stone in fine gold; fine gold; kundana fine gold.Tu. kundaṇa pure gold. Te. kundanamu fine gold used in very thin foils in setting precious stones; setting precious stones with fine gold. (DEDR 1725).

Thus, the body of the young bull PLUS face/head of onager is read together: khara'onager' rebus:  खोंड khōṇḍa'young bull' rebus: kō̃daकोँद 'kiln, furnace for smelting'PLUS khār खार् 'blacksmith'. The expression read together rebus is: kundakara, 'turner, lapidary'.

The animal is in front of a standard device.The standard device has two hieroglyph components: 1. lathe; 2. portable furnace. 

Component 1. Lathe: kunda1 m. ʻ a turner's lathe ʼ lex. [Cf. *cunda -- 1] N. kũdnu ʻ to shape smoothly, smoothe, carve, hew ʼ, kũduwā ʻ smoothly shaped ʼ; A. kund ʻ lathe ʼ, kundiba ʻ to turn and smooth in a lathe ʼ, kundowā ʻ smoothed and rounded ʼ; B. kũd ʻ lathe ʼ, kũdā, kõdā ʻ to turn in a lathe ʼ; Or. kū˘nda ʻ lathe ʼ, kũdibā, kū̃d° ʻ to turn ʼ (→ Drav. Kur. kū̃d ʻ lathe ʼ); Bi.kund ʻ brassfounder's lathe ʼ; H. kunnā ʻ to shape on a lathe ʼ, kuniyā m. ʻ turner ʼ, kunwā m. (CDIAL 3295). kundakara m. ʻ turner ʼ W. [Cf. *cundakāra -- : kunda -- 1, kará -- 1] A. kundār, B. kũdār, °ri, Or. kundāru; H. kũderā m. ʻ one who works a lathe, one who scrapes ʼ, °rī f., kũdernā ʻ to scrape, plane, round on a lathe ʼ.(CDIAL 3297).

Component 2. Portable furnace: kammatamu'portable gold furnace' rebus: kammaṭa'mint, coiner coinage'.The bottom portion, the portable furnace is: కమటము (p. 246) kamaṭamu kamaṭamu. [Tel.] n. A portable furnace for melting the precious metals. అగసాలెవాని కుంపటి. "చ కమటము కట్లెసంచి

యొరగల్లును గత్తెర సుత్తె చీర్ణముల్ ధమనియుస్రావణంబు మొలత్రాసును బట్టెడ నీరుకారు సా నము పటుకారు మూస బలునాణె పరీక్షల మచ్చులాదిగా నమరగభద్రకారక సమాహ్వయు డొక్కరుడుండు నప్పురిన్"హంస. ii. కమ్మటము (p. 247) kammaṭamu Same as కమటము. కమ్మటీడు kammaṭīḍu. [Tel.] A man of the goldsmith caste.  Rebus:  Ta. kampaṭṭam coinage, coin. Ma. kammaṭṭam, kammiṭṭam coinage, mint. Ka. kammaṭa id.; kammaṭi a coiner.  (DEDR 1236)

Thus, together, the standard device signifies kammaṭa kunda'mint treasure'.

m008 "This unicorn seal was also discovered during the late 1927-31 excavations at Mohenjo-daro. One theory holds that the bull actually has two horns, but that these have been stylized to one because of the complexity of depicting three dimensions. However the manufacturing and design process behind seals was so sophisticated that the depiction of three dimensions might not necessarily have been a problem." -- Omar Khan https://www.harappa.com/seal/11.html Slide 46 https://slideplayer.com/slide/15162906/

khār 1 खार् । लोहकारः m. (sg. abl. khāra 1 खार; the pl. dat. of this word is khāran 1 खारन्, which is to be distinguished from khāran 2, q.v., s.v.), a blacksmith, an iron worker (cf. bandūka-khār, p. 111b, l. 46; K.Pr. 46; H. xi, 17); a farrier (El.). This word is often a part of a name, and in such case comes at the end (W. 118) as in Wahab khār, Wahab the smith (H. ii, 12; vi, 17). khāra-basta खार-बस्त । चर्मप्रसेविका f. the skin bellows of a blacksmith. -büṭhü-ब॑ठू॒ । लोहकारभित्तिः f. the wall of a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -bāy -बाय् । लोहकारपत्नी f. a blacksmith's wife (Gr.Gr. 34). -dŏkuru -द्वकुरु॒ । लोहकारायोघनः m. a blacksmith's hammer, a sledge-hammer. -gȧji -ग॑जि॒ or -güjü -ग॑जू॒ । लोहकारचुल्लिः f. a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -hāl -हाल् । लोहकारकन्दुः f. (sg. dat. -höjü -हा॑जू॒), a blacksmith's smelting furnace; cf. hāl 5. -kūrü -कूरू॒ । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter. -koṭu -क॑टु॒ । लोहकारपुत्रः m. the son of a blacksmith, esp. a skilful son, who can work at the same profession. -küṭü -क॑टू॒ । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter, esp. one who has the virtues and qualities properly belonging to her father's profession or caste. -më̆ʦü 1 -म्य॑च़ू॒ । लोहकारमृत्तिका f. (for 2, see khāra 3), 'blacksmith's earth,' i.e. iron-ore. -nĕcyuwu -न्यचिवु॒ । लोहकारात्मजः m. a blacksmith's son. -nay -नय् । लोहकारनालिका f. (for khāranay 2, see khārun), the trough into which the blacksmith allows melted iron to flow after smelting. -ʦañĕ -च़्ञ । लोहकारशान्ताङ्गाराः f.pl. charcoal used by blacksmiths in their furnaces. -wān वान् । लोहकारापणः m. a blacksmith's shop, a forge, smithy (K.Pr. 30). -waṭh -वठ् । आघाताधारशिला m. (sg. dat. -waṭas -वटि), the large stone used by a blacksmith as an anvil.(Kashmiri)    S لوهار lo-hār, s.m. (5th) A blacksmith. Pl. لوهاران lo-hārān.(Pashto)1lōhakāra m. ʻ iron -- worker ʼ, ˚rī -- f., ˚raka -- m. lex., lauhakāra -- m. Hit. [lōhá -- , kāra -- 1]Pa. lōhakāra -- m. ʻ coppersmith, ironsmith ʼ; Pk. lōhāra -- m. ʻ blacksmith ʼ, S. luhā̆ru m., L. lohār m., ˚rī f., awāṇ. luhār, P. WPah.khaś. bhal. luhār m., Ku. lwār, N. B. lohār, Or. lohaḷa, Bi.Bhoj. Aw.lakh. lohār, H. lohār, luh˚ m., G. lavār m., M. lohār m.; Si. lōvaru ʻ coppersmith ʼ.

Addenda: lōhakāra -- : WPah.kṭg. (kc.) lhwāˋr m. ʻ blacksmith ʼ, lhwàri f. ʻ his wife ʼ, Garh. lwār m.(CDIAL 11159)

karmāˊra m. ʻ blacksmith ʼ RV. [EWA i 176 < stem *karmar -- ~ karman -- , but perh. with ODBL 668 ← Drav. cf. Tam. karumā ʻ smith, smelter ʼ whence meaning ʻ smith ʼ was transferred also to karmakāra -- ] Pa. kammāra -- m. ʻ worker in metal ʼ; Pk. kammāra -- , ˚aya -- m. ʻ blacksmith ʼ, A. kamār, B. kāmār; Or. kamāra ʻ blacksmith, caste of non -- Aryans, caste of fishermen ʼ; Mth. kamār ʻ blacksmith ʼ, Si. kam̆burā.*karmāraśālā -- .Addenda: karmāˊra -- : Md. kan̆buru ʻ blacksmith ʼ. *karmāraśālā ʻ smithy ʼ. [karmāˊra -- , śāˊlā -- ]Mth. kamarsārī; -- Bi. kamarsāyar?(CDIAL 2898, 2899)

Spine: khāra 2 खार (= ) or khār 4 खार् (L.V. 96, K.Pr. 47, Śiv. 827) । द्वेषः m. (for 1, see khār 1), a thorn, prickle, spine (K.Pr. 47; Śiv. 827, 1530); (in Kāshmīrī) envy, jealousy, secret hate; desire (El., YZ. 52); great sorrow (Rām. 1484, cf. khār 2).  (Kashmiri)

Ta. kāṟai gold or silver collar, necklet for women and children. Ma. kāṟa collar of gold or silver worn by Māpḷichis and fisherwomen; a kind of silver or gold neck-ring worn by boys of higher castes in Palghat. To. ka·ṟ silver bangle worn on right leg by chief men. Tu. kārè a kind of necklace or collar. Nk. (Ch.) kara silver necklace. (DEDR 1506)

   khār 3 खार् । खारी f. (sg. dat. khörü 1 खोरू॒, Gr.Gr. 71), an ass's load (the ḵẖarwār of Persia and India); a dry measure containing sixteen trakh of 11 19/175 lb. each, and hence equal to 177 129/175 lb. avoirdupois (L. 243). According to El., however, a trakh is about 9 1/2 lb., and a khār is hence 152 lb. (K.Pr. 5, 28, 90, 106, 118, 138, 168; W. 103; Śiv. 591, 1795). By local custom, a khār of rice, maize, and barley consists of only 15 trakhs, or 166 22/35 lb. (L. l.c.). As a measure of land, a khār represents the area which is supposed to require a khār weight of rice-seed, or exactly 4 British acres (L. l.c.). -bôru-बोरु॒ । खारी भारश्च m. a load (of grain, or the like) weighing one khār. khār ḍŏḍ khār खार् ड्वड् खार् । खारी सार्धखारी वा f. about one or one and a half khār(in weight). --maṭi khasüñü --मटि खस॑ञू॒ । समर्पितीभवनम् f.inf. a khār weight to mount on the shoulder; met. a heavy responsibility to be imposed upon one (e.g. to find oneself responsible for the support of a large family when one is without the necessary means). --zakhöra --ज़्खा॑रू॒ । खारी खारीद्वयं वा f. about one or two khār (in weight). khörü-hondü खा॑रू॒-ह॑न्दु॒ । खारीपूरणयोग्यः adj. (f. -hünzü -ह॑न्ज़ू), of a khār; hence (of a basket, or the like) large enough to contain a khār (of grain, etc.). khörüv-pöṭhü खा॑रू॒?व्-पा॑ठि॒ or -pöṭhin -पा॑ठिन् । खारीशः adv. in khārs, i.e. in a large number of khārs, in an indefinite number of khārs.(Kashmiri)

khar 1 खर् खरः m. (f. khürü ख॑रू॒ or khariñ खरिञ्), a donkey, an ass (L.V. 88; K.Pr. 26, 73, 104-5, 166, 174, 190, 215, 235, 262; H. iii, 8, 9; v, 7; K. 224); often used ˚--, to indicate the commonest, largest, or coarsest of the kind, like 'horse' in our 'horse-radish', 'a horse-laugh', etc.; cf. khar-bādām, bel., and kharkhasun, s.v. Towards Islāmābād the word is pronounced khaḍ (El.). -āhang -आहंग् f. an ass's bray (K.Pr. 235). -baca -बच । खरपोतः m. a baby ass, a very young ass's foal. -bādām -बादाम् । तिक्तराजादनः m. a kind of bitter almond, see El. s.v. bádám. -bôru -बोरु॒ । खरभारः m. an ass's load; met. a heavy load, too heavy to be comfortably carried by a man. -khāv -खाव् । तिरस्कारितः adj. c.g. an ass-eater; met. one who is universally condemned and vilified (K.Pr. 104). -khāv gaʦhun -खाव् गछ़ुन् । निन्द्यीभवनम् m.inf. become a subject of ill-repute, to get a bad name, acquire (justly or unjustly) an evil repute. -khāv karun -खाव् करुन् । निन्दापात्रीकरणम् m.inf. to give a person a bad name, to bring him into disrepute (whether deserved or not). -kan -कन् m. 'ass-eared', a hare, i.q. khargōsh, q.v. s.v. -kura -कुर । खरकिशोरः m. an ass's colt; met. a capricious troublesome child. -lĕd -ल्यद् । खरविष्ठा f. (sg. dat. -lë̆zü-ल्य॑ज़ू॒), ass's dung. -mĕng -म्यंग् । तृणविशेषः m. a kind of grass, said to make man garrulous and mad, when eaten unawares. -paḍur -प़डुर् । फलविशेषः m. N. of a certain fruit, a kind of pear. -palana -पलन । खरपल्ययनम् m. an ass's pack-saddle. -pūtu -पूतु॒ m. an ass's colt (K.Pr. 104). -sah-स्ह् । सिंहविशेषः m. a certain animal, described as a small-sized leopard that kills only small animals, not larger than an ass. -ṭö̃cü -टाँ॑चू॒ । फलविशेषः f. N. of a certain fruit, a kind of wild pear (El. khar-ṭánj). -ṭö̃g टाँ॑ग् । खरशब्दः f. the bray of an ass. -trēl -त्रेल् । फलभेदो ऽल्पः f. N. of a kind of small wild apple. -ʦam -च़म् । खरचर्म f. ass's skin; met. any hard and tough skin, like that of an ass. -ʦŏth -च्वथ् । खरोपस्थः f. (sg. dat. ʦŏ̈ʦü च़्व॑च़ू॒), an ass's anus; the generative organs of an ass (male or female). -ʦũ̄̈ṭh -च़ूँ॑ठ् । खरपर्दनम् f. (sg. dat. ʦũ̄̈ṭi च़ूँ॒॑टि), an ass's fart. -wôlu -वोलु॒ । खरपालकः m. a man who, as a means of livelihood, owns asses for carrying burdens, an ass driver who owns his asses (L. 459). kharas khārun खरस् खारुन् । खरारोपणम् m.inf. to mount (a person) on an ass; met. to put (a person) to public shame, to disgrace. (Kashmiri)

m0008a

1038 Field symbol: kõda ‘young bull-calf’. Rebus: kũdār ‘turner’. sangaḍa ‘lathe, furnace’. Rebus: samgara ‘living in the same house, guild’. sãgaḍa (double-canoe, catamaran) Hence, smith guild.

Meaning, artha of inscription: Trade (and metalwork wealth production) of kōnda sangara 'metalwork engraver'... PLUS (wealth categories cited.).

kole.l 'temple' rebus: kole.l'smithy, forge' Or, warehouse kuṭhī granary, factory (M.)(CDIAL 3546). koṭho = a warehouse.

bhaṭā 'warrior' rebus: bhaṭa 'furnace'.

baṭa 'rimless, wide-mouthed pot' rebus: bhaṭa 'furnace' PLUS ḍabu 'an iron spoon' (Santali) Rebus: ḍab, ḍhimba, ḍhompo 'lump (ingot?). Thus, together, furnace ingots.

m008 "This unicorn seal was also discovered during the late 1927-31 excavations at Mohenjo-daro. One theory holds that the bull actually has two horns, but that these have been stylized to one because of the complexity of depicting three dimensions. However the manufacturing and design process behind seals was so sophisticated that the depiction of three dimensions might not necessarily have been a problem." -- Omar Khan https://www.harappa.com/seal/11.html Slide 46 https://slideplayer.com/slide/15162906/

"First Unicorn seals. The splash of the new. Pictures of mysterious seals from Harappa had appeared in specialized journals, but no composite picture of seals had been offered to the masses until September 24, 1924. This set of seals from the Illustrated London News were the vehicle. From the very beginning, the face of the unicorn was the face of the Indus civilization, and that is probably how its rulers had intended it to be.Sir John Marshall, who published the findings wrote "The animal most often represented on the seals is the apparently single-horned beast . . .. There is a possibility, I think, that the artist intended to represent one horn behind the other. In other animals, however, the two horns are shown quite distinctly. In some respects the body of this beast, which is always a male, resembles that of an antelope of heavy build, such as the eland or oryx, and in others that of an ox. The long tuffed tail may belong to either class. The horn is sometimes smooth . . . sometimes it has transverse ridges. In the latter case, the possibility of the creature being an ox is ruled out. The long pointed ears are also characteristic of the antelope. Perhaps we have here a fabulous animal which is a composite of the ox and antelope. And yet to the casual eye there is nothing fantastic about it, as about some of the other animals represented on seals; nor does it in any way resemble the unicorn of heraldry, which is made up of different parts of a number of animals, though it must be noted that the traditional unicorn was supposed to have originated in India" [Mohenjo-daro and The Indus Civilization, Vol. II., p. 382]."https://www.harappa.com/blog/first-unicorn-seals

Source: Chapter Ten - Understanding Indus Seal-Carving Traditions: A Stylistic and Metric Approach
from Part II - South Asia and the Gulf Region By Gregg M. Jamison Edited by Marta Ameri, Colby College, Maine, Sarah Kielt Costello, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Gregg Jamison, Sarah Jarmer Scott
Publisher: Cambridge University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108160186.013 pp 167-186 "Abstract. Inscribed steatite seals are among the most important components of Indus material assemblages. During the Integration Era of the Harappa phase (2600–1900 BCE) these objects were used to serve a variety of purposes, yet many important questions remain regarding how and where they were made, and how production would have varied within and among different settlements. This study presents a novel method for analyzing the organization of Indus seal production. By combining formal stylistic and metric analyses of various elements of inscribed steatite seals, it is possible to fingerprint groups of seals that would have been carved by different producers working throughout the Indus region. Preliminary results suggest that these techniques are useful for providing new insights into the scale and nature of variation in Indus seal-carving traditions. The methods applied in this study can be employed to analyze seals from other world regions to provide new insights into how production was organized and varied in time and space."

Image result for mohenjo-daro seal unicorn

Unicorn seal found Kish, Iraq.

The Harappan riddle of 'unicorn'Shubhangana Atre
Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute
Vol. 44 (1985), pp. 1-10 Published by: Vice Chancellor, Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute (Deemed University), Pune
https://www.jstor.org/stable/42930107

Historic Photograph - Indus Valley Unicorn Relief by Science Source

Historic Beach Sheet featuring the photograph Indus Valley Unicorn Relief by Science Source

Onager shown on Standard of Ur (2600 BCE) is also shown on Indus Script inscriptions. An example is the seal from Mohenjo-daro (m290)(ca. 2500 BCE) which is a documentation of metalwork wealth by smelters' guild.
bull-head-lyre-panel

DETAIL FROM THE PANEL ON THE BULL-HEADED LYRE showing an 8-stringed bovine lyre being played. At the top of the lyre, braided material is wrapped around the crossbar under the tuning sticks. The small fox-like animal facing the front of the lyre holds a sistrum, or rattle. UPM 817694. Detail of neg. 735-110

The Indus Script hypertext message of the narrative on the Ur lyre: pōḷa, 'zebu' rebus: pōḷa 'magnetite, ferrite ore' PLUS khōṇḍa 'young bull' rebus: kundaṇa 'fine gold' PLUS kolhā, 'jackal' rebus: kolhe 'iron smelter' PLUS tambur 'harp' rebus: tambra 'copper' PLUS khara 'onager' rebus: khār खार् 'blacksmith'.

Rebus: karaḍā खरडें 'daybook, wealth-accounting ledger'. Thus, the message is: daybook (wealth-accounting ledger) of blacksmith working with iron smelter, copper, gold, magnetite ore.

Hieroglyph: पोळ pōḷa, 'Zebu, bos indicus' Rebus: पोळ pōḷa, 'magnetite, ferrite ore' खोंड [ khōṇḍa ] m A young bull, a bullcalf. Rebus: kõdā 'to turn in a lathe' (B.) कोंद kōnda. 'engraver, lapidary setting or infixing gems' (Marathi) कोंडण [kōṇḍaṇa] f A fold or pen. khōṇḍī 'pannier sack'खोंडी (Marathi) Rebus: kunda 'nidhi' kundaṇa 'fine gold' PLUS koḍ 'horn' rebus: koḍ 'workshop'.

Hieroglyph: jackal: kolhā: krōṣṭŕ̊ ʻ crying ʼ BhP., m. ʻ jackal ʼ RV. = krṓṣṭu -- m. Pāṇ. [√kruś]Pa. koṭṭhu -- , °uka -- and kotthu -- , °uka -- m. ʻ jackal ʼ, Pk. koṭṭhu -- m.; Si. koṭa ʻ jackal ʼ, koṭiya ʻ leopard ʼ GS 42; -- Pk. kolhuya -- , kulha -- m. ʻ jackal ʼ < *kōḍhu -- ; H. kolhā, °lā m. ʻ jackal ʼ, adj. ʻ crafty ʼ; G. kohlũ, °lũ n. ʻ jackal ʼ, M. kolhā, °lā m.(CDIAL 3615) Rebus: kol 'working in iron'; kolle 'blacksmith'; kolhe 'smelter'

Hieroglyph: tambura 'harp/lyre' rebus: tambra 'copper'

Hieroglyph: khara1 m. ʻ donkey ʼ KātyŚr., °rī -- f. Pāṇ.NiDoc. Pk. khara -- m., Gy. pal. ḳăr m., kắri f., arm. xari, eur. gr. kher, kfer, rum. xerú, Kt. kur, Pr. korūˊ, Dm. khar m., °ri f., Tir. kh*lr, Paš. lauṛ. khar m., khär f., Kal. urt. khār, Phal. khār m., khári f., K. khar m., khürüf., pog. kash. ḍoḍ. khar, S. kharu m., P. G. M. khar m., OM. khari f.; -- ext. Ash. kərəṭék, Shum. xareṭá; <-> L. kharkā m., °kī f. -- Kho. khairánu ʻ donkey's foal ʼ (+?).*kharapāla -- ; -- *kharabhaka -- . Addenda: khara -- 1: Bshk. Kt. kur ʻ donkey ʼ (for loss of aspiration Morgenstierne ID 334).(CDIAL 3818) Rebus: khār खार् । 'blacksmith' (Kashmiri)

Rebus: karaḍā खरडें 'daybook, wealth-accounting ledger'.

Thus, the symbolic ensemble is a documentation of metalwork in Indus Script Cipher.

Image result for mohenjodaro seal onager

m290 Mohenjo-daro seal. Decipherment: kola 'tiger' Rebus; kolle 'blacksmith' kol 'working in iron' kole.l 'smithy, temple' kolimi 'smithy, forge' PLUS pattar 'trough' Rebus: pattar 'guild of goldsmiths'. panja 'feline paw' rebus: panja 'kiln, furnace'

ṭāṅka ʻleg, thighʼ (Oriya) rebus: ṭaṅka 'mint'

khar 'ass, onager' (Kashmiri) rebus: khār खार् 'blacksmith' khāra-- basta f. ʻ blacksmith's skin bellows ʼ (Kashmiri)(CDIAL 9424)

kharkhara खर््खर । अश्वादिकण्डूयनयन्त्रम् m. a curry-comb (K.Pr. 15). -- karun -- करुन् । अश्वादिकण्डूयनकरणम् m.inf. to use a curry-comb, to curry (a horse), to groom (a horse).(Kashmiri) kharedo = a currycomb (Gujarati) rebus: kharādī ‘ turner’ (Gujarati) Rebus: daybook: karaḍā m The arrangement of bars or embossed lines (plain or fretted with little knobs) raised upon a तार of gold by pressing and driving it upon the ... 4 also खरडें n A rude sketch; a rough draught; a foul copy; a waste-book; a day-book; a note-book (Marathi) khār खार् 'blacksmith' (Kashmiri)

Hieroglyph: khāra 2 खार (= ) or khār 4 खार् (L.V. 96, K.Pr. 47, Śiv. 827) । द्वेषः m. (for 1, see khār 1 ), a thorn, prickle, spine (K.Pr. 47; Śiv. 827, 153)(Kashmiri) Pk. karaṁḍa -- m.n. ʻ bone shaped like a bamboo ʼ, karaṁḍuya -- n. ʻ backbone ʼ.*kaṇṭa3 ʻ backbone, podex, penis ʼ. 2. *kaṇḍa -- . 3. *karaṇḍa -- 4. (Cf. *kāṭa -- 2, *ḍākka -- 2: poss. same as káṇṭa -- 1]1. Pa. piṭṭhi -- kaṇṭaka -- m. ʻ bone of the spine ʼ; Gy. eur. kanro m. ʻ penis ʼ (or < káṇṭaka -- ); Tir. mar -- kaṇḍḗ ʻ back (of the body) ʼ; S. kaṇḍo m. ʻ back ʼ, L. kaṇḍ f., kaṇḍā m. ʻ backbone ʼ, awāṇ. kaṇḍ, °ḍī ʻ back ʼ; P. kaṇḍ f. ʻ back, pubes ʼ; WPah. bhal. kaṇṭ f. ʻ syphilis ʼ; N. kaṇḍo ʻ buttock, rump, anus ʼ, kaṇḍeulo ʻ small of the back ʼ; B. kã̄ṭ ʻ clitoris ʼ; Or. kaṇṭi ʻ handle of a plough ʼ; H. kã̄ṭā m. ʻ spine ʼ, G. kã̄ṭɔ m., M. kã̄ṭā m.; Si. äṭa -- kaṭuva ʻ bone ʼ, piṭa -- k° ʻ backbone ʼ.2. Pk. kaṁḍa -- m. ʻ backbone ʼ.(CDIAL 2670) కరాళము karāḷamu karāḷamu. [Skt.] n. The backbone. వెన్నెముక (Telugu)

Rebus: khār 1 खार् । लोहकारः m. (sg. abl. khāra 1 खार; the pl. dat. of this word is khāran 1 खारन्, which is to be distinguished from khāran 2, q.v., s.v.), a blacksmith, an iron worker (cf. bandūka-khār, p. 111b, l. 46; K.Pr. 46; H. xi, 17); a farrier (El.). This word is often a part of a name, and in such case comes at the end (W. 118) as in Wahab khār, Wahab the smith (H. ii, 12; vi, 17). khāra-basta खार-बस््त । चर्मप्रसेविका f. the skin bellows of a blacksmith. -büṭhü -ब&above;ठू&below; । लोहकारभित्तिः f. the wall of a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -bāy-बाय् । लोहकारपत्नी f. a blacksmith's wife (Gr.Gr. 34). -dŏkuru । लोहकारायोघनः m. a blacksmith's hammer, a sledge-hammer.; । लोहकारचुल्लिः f. a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -hāl -हाल् । लोहकारकन्दुः f. , a blacksmith's smelting furnace; cf. hāl । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter. । लोहकारपुत्रः m. the son of a blacksmith, esp. a skilful son, who can work at the same profession. । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter, esp. one who has the virtues and qualities properly belonging to her father's profession or caste. -më˘ʦü 1 -म्य&above;च&dotbelow;ू&below; । लोहकारमृत्तिका f. (for 2, see [khāra 3] ), 'blacksmith's earth,' i.e. iron-ore.; । लोहकारात्मजः m. a blacksmith's son. -nay -नय् । लोहकारनालिका f. (for khāranay 2, see [khārun] ), the trough into which the blacksmith allows melted iron to flow after smelting. -ʦañĕ -च्&dotbelow;ञ । लोहकारशान्ताङ्गाराः f.pl. charcoal used by blacksmiths in their furnaces. -wān वान् । लोहकारापणः m. a blacksmith's shop, a forge, smithy (K.Pr. 3). -waṭh -वठ् । आघाताधारशिला m. (sg. dat. -waṭas -वटि), the large stone used by a blacksmith as an anvil. (Kashmiri)Rebus: khara 'sharp-edged' Kannada); pure, unalloyed (Kashmiri) khára2 ʻ hard, sharp, pungent ʼ MBh., ʻ solid ʼ Pān., ʻ hot (of wind) ʼ Suśr. [Cf. karkara -- 1, karkaśá -- , kakkhaṭa -- ]Pa. Pk. khara -- ʻ hard, rough, cruel, sharp ʼ; K. khoru ʻ pure, genuine ʼ, S. kharo, L. P. kharā (P. also ʻ good of weather ʼ); WPah. bhad. kharo ʻ good ʼ, paṅ. cur. cam. kharā ʻ good, clean ʼ; Ku. kharo ʻ honest ʼ; N. kharo ʻ real, keen ʼ; A. khar ʻ quick, nimble ʼ, m. ʻ dry weather ʼ, kharā ʻ dry, infertile ʼ, khariba ʻ to become dry ʼ; B. kharā ʻ hot, dry ʼ, vb. ʻ to overparch ʼ; Or. kharā ʻ sunshine ʼ; OAw. khara ʻ sharp, notched ʼ; H. kharā ʻ sharp, pure, good ʼ; G. khar ʻ sharp, hot ʼ, °rũ ʻ real, good, well parched or baked, well learnt ʼ; M. khar ʻ sharp, biting, thick (of consistency) ʼ, °rā ʻ pure, good, firm ʼ; Ko. kharo ʻ true ʼ; Si. kara -- räs ʻ hot -- rayed, i.e. sun ʼ. -- Ext. Pk. kharaḍia -- ʻ rough ʼ; Or. kharaṛā ʻ slightly parched ʼ. <-> X kṣārá -- 1: Or. khārā ʻ very sharp, pure, true ʼ. <-> X paruṣá -- 1: Bshk. khärúṣ ʻ rough, rugged ʼ; Si. karahu ʻ hard ʼ.kharapattrā -- , kharayaṣṭikā -- , *kharasrōtas -- .Addenda: khara -- 2: WPah.kṭg. (kc.) khɔ́rɔ ʻ great, good, excessive ʼ; J. kharā ʻ good, well ʼ; OMarw. kharaü ʻ extreme ʼ.(CDIAL 3819)

Rebus: karaḍā खरडें 'daybook, wealth-accounting ledger'.

Rebus: Ta. karaṭu roughness, unevenness, churlish temper; karaṭṭu rugged, uneven, unpolished; karaṇ uneven surface in vegetables and fruits, scar; karu prong, barb, spike; karumai, karil severity, cruelty; karukkuteeth of a saw or sickle, jagged edge of palmyra leaf-stalk, sharpness. Ma. karaṭu what is rough or uneven; kaṟu rough; kaṟuppu roughness; karuma sharpness of sword; karukku teeth of a saw or file, thorns of a palmyra branch, irregular surface; karukarukka to be harsh, sharp, rough, irritating; karikku edge of teeth; kari-muḷ hard thorn; projecting parts of the skin of custard-apples, jack-fruits, etc.; kari-maṭal rind of jack-fruits. Ko. karp keenness or harshness (of wind); ? kako·ṭ hoe with sharp, broad blade (for -ko·ṭ, see 2064). Ka. karaḍu that is rough, uneven, unpolished, hard, or waste, useless, or wicked; kaṟaku, karku, kakku, gaṟaku, garaku, garku, garasu a jag, notch, dent, toothed part of a file or saw, rough part of a millstone, irregular surface, sharpness. Tu. karaḍů, karaḍu rough, coarse, worn out; wastage, loss, wear; kargōṭa hardness, hard-heartedness; hard, hard-hearted; garu

rough; garime severity, strictness; gargāsů asaw. Te. kara sharp; karagasamu a saw; karakasa roughness; karusu rough, harsh; harsh words; kaṟaku, kaṟuku harshness, roughness, sharpness; rough, harsh, sharp; gari hardness, stiffness, sharpness; (B.) karaṭi stubborn, brutish, villainous; kakku a notch or dent, toothed part of a saw, file, or sickle, roughness of a millstone. Go. (Ma.) karkara sharp (Voc. 543). Kur. karcnā to be tough, (Hahn) be hardened. ? Cf. 1260 Ka. garasu. / Cf. Skt. karaṭa- a low, unruly, difficult person; karkara- hard, firm; karkaśa- rough, harsh, hard; krakaca-, karapattra-saw; khara- hard, harsh, rough, sharp-edged; kharu- harsh, cruel; Pali kakaca- saw; khara- rough; saw; Pkt. karakaya- saw; Apabhraṃśa (Jasaharacariu) karaḍa- hard. Cf. esp. Turner, CDIAL, no. 2819. Cf. also Skt. karavāla- sword (for second element, cf. 5376 Ta. vāḷ).(DEDR 1265)

See:

235 Harappa Indus Script tablets deciphered: भरत 'alloy of pewter, copper, tin' ready as supercargo & for turners, from 1. smithy, 2. cast metal, 3. implements furnaces (workshops) http://tinyurl.com/h45ex2j

Dwaraka. Turbinella pyrum, s'ankha seal with सांगड [sāṅgaḍa] 'a body formed with combination of parts of animals' Rebus: sanghāḍiyo, a worker on a lathe (Gujarati). Rebus: sangar 'fortification'; jangadiyo 'military guards carrying treasure into the treasury' (Gujarati) The mercantile agents who were jangadiyo received goods on jangad 'entrusted for approval'. An ancient Near East accounting system was jangaḍ. The system of jangaḍ simply meant 'goods on approval' with the agent -- like the Meluhhan merchant-agents or brokers living in settlements in ancient near East -- merely responsible for showing the goods to the intended buyers. సంగడము (p. 1272) saṅgaḍamu sangaḍamu. [from Skt. సంగతమ్.] n. Dumb-bells, సాముచేయువారు తిప్పేలోడు. Help, assistance, aid, సహాయము. Friendship, ౛త, స్నేహము. Meeting, చేరిక. Nearness, సమీపము. A retinue, పరిచారము. Service, సేవ. An army, సేన. "అనవుడు వాడునగుచు నీవిక్రమంబునకు నా వెరపు సంగడంబుగాదె." M. VII. iv. 59. "ఉ అంచెలుగట్టి కాలి తొడుసైచనననీవుగదమ్మప్రోదిరా, యంచలివేటి సంగడములయ్యెను." Swa. v. 72. Trouble, annoyance, ౛ం౛ాటము, సంకటము. సంగడమువాడు sangaḍamu-vāḍu. n. A friend or companion. చెలికాడు, నేస్తకాడు. సంగడి sangaḍi. n. A couple, pair, ౛ంట ౛త, ౛ోడు. Friendship, స్నేహము. A friend, a fellow, a playmate, నేస్తకాడు. A raft or boat made of two canoes fastened side by side.

The animal heads ligatured are:

1. markhor: Tor. miṇḍ 'ram', miṇḍā́ l 'markhor' (CDIAL 10310) mẽḍha ‘antelope,markhor’; rebus: meḍ ‘iron’ (Ho.)

2. barad, balad 'ox' Rebus: bharata 'metal alloy' (5 copper, 4 zinc and 1 tin).

3. khōṇḍa 'young bull' Rebus: kunda 'nidhi'; kō̃da कोँद 'kiln, furnace for smelting'

Annex

Harappan chimaera analysed by Dennys Frenez and Massimo Vidale

Above: Harappan chimaera and its hypertextual components.

Harappan chimera and its hypertextual components. The 'expression' summarizes the syntax of Harappan chimeras within round brackets, creatures with body parts used in their correct anatomic position (tiger, unicorn, markhor goat, elephant, zebu, and human); within square brackets, creatures with body parts used to symbolize other anatomic elements (cobra snake for tail and human arm for elephant proboscis); the elephant icon as exonent out of the square brackets symbolizes the overall elephantine contour of the chimeras; out of brackes, scorpion indicates the animal automatically perceived joining the lineate horns, the human face, and the arm-like trunk of Harappan chimeras. (After Fig. 6 in: Harappan chimaeras as 'symbolic hypertexts'. Some thoughts on Plato, Chimaera and the Indus Civilization (Dennys Frenez & Massimo Vidale, 2012) A paper by Dennys Frenez and Massimo Vidale on composite Indus creatures and their meaning: Harappa Chimaeras as 'Symbolic Hypertexts'. Some Thoughts on Plato, Chimaera and the Indus Civilization at http://a.harappa.com/content/harappan-chimaeras

Mirror: https://www.scribd.com/doc/270086643/Harappan-chimaeras-as-symbolic-hypertexts-Some-thoughts-on-Plato-Chimaera-and-the-Indus-Civilization-Dennys-Frenez-Massimo-Vidale-2012

Unicorn, Indus Script hypertext kunda-kara karaṇī is a goldsmith, smelter blacksmith, lapidary, supercargo, scribe

2. karṇī 'ear' rebus: karaṇī 'supercargo, scribe' [supercargo in charge as 'a representative of the ship's owner on board a merchant ship, responsible for overseeing the cargo and its sale.'

3.Head of onager: khara'onager' rebus: khār खार्'blacksmith'(Kashmiri) kāruvu 'artisan' (Telugu)

Source: Chapter Ten - Understanding Indus Seal-Carving Traditions: A Stylistic and Metric Approach

The Harappan riddle of 'unicorn'

235 Harappa Indus Script tablets deciphered: भरत 'alloy of pewter, copper, tin' ready as supercargo & for turners, from 1. smithy, 2. cast metal, 3. implements furnaces (workshops) http://tinyurl.com/h45ex2j

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