https://tinyurl.com/y6jz2kyf
This is an addendum to:
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I do not know why other articles of trade are not listed in the magical arts called Padmini nidhi. There is a possibility that the nidhi called Nīla, referred to 1) saffire gem, and 2) 'indigo dye' used for dyeing clothings. Since the other 7 nidhi-s are related to metalworker and lapidary's work and artifacts, this nidhi may relate to the blue stone of lapiz lazuli which is archaeologically attested as a traded item with Ancient Near East, obtained from Sarasvati Civilization contact area of Badakshan, Afghanistan.
This is an addendum to:
Surprising validation of Indus Script Decipherment as 'wealth-acccounting ledgers' in Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa https://tinyurl.com/y4mtv9g2
A valid doubt is expressed about the decipherment presented, while accepting the assumption that the Indus Script inscriptions relate to documentation of trade activities of ancient artisans. The doubt is: "how come every inscription is connected with minerals and metal working according to the decipherment. Surely there were other items of trade?"
My arguments are as follows: Why do the eight nidhi of Padmini also refer only to lapidary, metalwork categories of wealth?
I submit that Padmini is a Rosetta stone which validates Indus Script Cipher.
It is certainly possible that the trade activities from ca. 5th m. BCE, covered cotton clothings, ayurvedic herbals, agricultural and forest products.
The decipherment presented in over 1500 monographs at https://independent.academia.edu/SriniKalyanaraman is based on over 8000 Indus Script inscriptions. I have reported what I have found on these 8000+ inscriptions.
One assessment is that on Persian Gulf sites along, the total number of such inscriptions could be over 30,000. Maybe, some inscriptions will come to light which document trade in cotton, food and forest products.
Should we wait for a Rosetta Stone to validate the decipherment? In my view, the pictorial motif of one-horned young bull is a Rosetta Stone; I think the one-horned young bull as a hypertext is the clincher because this Rosetta stone appears on 75-80% of inscriptions. I have read this hypertext as khōṇḍayoung bull, bull-calf (so-called 'unicorn') Allograph (reinforcing pictograph or hieroglyph): khōṇḍa 'holcus sorghum'; Rebus: kō̃daकोँद'kiln, furnace'; kunda'a treasure of Kubera'; kundaṇa'fine gold'.
In my view, there is another Rosetta stone validating the decipherment. I submit that Gardez Vināyaka is a Rosetta stone for Indus Script cipher.
A valid doubt is expressed about the decipherment presented, while accepting the assumption that the Indus Script inscriptions relate to documentation of trade activities of ancient artisans. The doubt is: "how come every inscription is connected with minerals and metal working according to the decipherment. Surely there were other items of trade?"
My arguments are as follows: Why do the eight nidhi of Padmini also refer only to lapidary, metalwork categories of wealth?
I submit that Padmini is a Rosetta stone which validates Indus Script Cipher.
It is certainly possible that the trade activities from ca. 5th m. BCE, covered cotton clothings, ayurvedic herbals, agricultural and forest products.
The decipherment presented in over 1500 monographs at https://independent.academia.edu/SriniKalyanaraman is based on over 8000 Indus Script inscriptions. I have reported what I have found on these 8000+ inscriptions.
One assessment is that on Persian Gulf sites along, the total number of such inscriptions could be over 30,000. Maybe, some inscriptions will come to light which document trade in cotton, food and forest products.
Should we wait for a Rosetta Stone to validate the decipherment? In my view, the pictorial motif of one-horned young bull is a Rosetta Stone; I think the one-horned young bull as a hypertext is the clincher because this Rosetta stone appears on 75-80% of inscriptions. I have read this hypertext as khōṇḍayoung bull, bull-calf (so-called 'unicorn') Allograph (reinforcing pictograph or hieroglyph): khōṇḍa 'holcus sorghum'; Rebus: kō̃daकोँद'kiln, furnace'; kunda'a treasure of Kubera'; kundaṇa'fine gold'.
In my view, there is another Rosetta stone validating the decipherment. I submit that Gardez Vināyaka is a Rosetta stone for Indus Script cipher.
Apart from the kol tiger rebus kol 'working in iron', and panja 'feline paw',rebus: panja 'kiln, furnace'; the elephant face is also read rebus:karibha, ibha 'elephant' rebus: karba, ib 'iron'. He is the guild master of iron worker dwarfs kharva rebus karba 'iron'. mũh 'face' rebus: mũhã̄ = the quantity of iron produced atone time in a native smelting furnace'; dul mũhã̄ mẽṛhẽt 'cast iron ingot'. This cipher explain choice of the iconographic features of the pratimā. It cannot be mere chance that 8000+ inscriptions use this cipher rendering metalwork in Meluhha, mleccha (mispronunciations)
sprachbund, 'speech union'.
Another argument is that in the following monograph, a detailed excerpt from Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa (Chapter 68, Padmini) has been presented.
Surprising validation of Indus Script Decipherment as 'wealth-acccounting ledgers' in Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa https://tinyurl.com/y4mtv9g2
The eight treasures or magical arts related to Padmini are:
1.mahāpadma synonym: sattva, pronounced as svastika rebus: sattuvu, sattu, 'zinc, pewter'
2. kacchapa 'turtle, tortoise' synonym: kamaṭha rebus: kammata'mint, coiner, coinage'
3. padma 'lotus' synonym: tāmarasa, rebus: tāmra 'copper'
4. Nīla, saffire gem, 'indigo dye'
5. makara synonym: (dh)makara 'composite animal' rebus: dhmākara'bellows blower, smelter of mineral ores'
6. śankha'conch-shell' synonym: śippi, cippi'mollusc' rebus: śilpi'artisan'
7. mukunda 'ferrite wire for lutes', tympanum of mr̥dangam (ferrite oxide)
8. Nanda as a metals precious stones merchant/lapidary is signified: “Nanda…possessor…He gains all kinds of metals and precious stones and also pure and pleasant foog grains etc. and also performs their sale and barter.”(Manmatha Nath Dutt, Rector, Keshub Academy, 1896, Markandeya Purana -- Prose English Translation,, Calcutta, HC Dass, Elysium Press,(Chapter 68,, 30,-26, p.290). As one of nine Kubera's treasures, nanda or కుంద,குந்தம்6 kuntam , n. is equated with kunda 'lathe'
From this list of eight wealths or magical arts called Padmini, the wealth components traded seem to relate principally metalwork supported by gem stones and work of lapidary, turner. The inclusion of hieroglyph: śippi, cippi 'mollusc' rebus: śilpi 'artisan' is a remarkable reference to the mastery of cire perdue (lost-wax) technique to make metal bronze artifacts like the dancing girl or a lady with a dance-step (karaṇa) of Mohenjo-daro.sprachbund, 'speech union'.
Another argument is that in the following monograph, a detailed excerpt from Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa (Chapter 68, Padmini) has been presented.
Surprising validation of Indus Script Decipherment as 'wealth-acccounting ledgers' in Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa https://tinyurl.com/y4mtv9g2
The eight treasures or magical arts related to Padmini are:
1.mahāpadma synonym: sattva, pronounced as svastika rebus: sattuvu, sattu, 'zinc, pewter'
2. kacchapa 'turtle, tortoise' synonym: kamaṭha rebus: kammata'mint, coiner, coinage'
3. padma 'lotus' synonym: tāmarasa, rebus: tāmra 'copper'
4. Nīla, saffire gem, 'indigo dye'
5. makara synonym: (dh)makara 'composite animal' rebus: dhmākara'bellows blower, smelter of mineral ores'
6. śankha'conch-shell' synonym: śippi, cippi'mollusc' rebus: śilpi'artisan'
7. mukunda 'ferrite wire for lutes', tympanum of mr̥dangam (ferrite oxide)
8. Nanda as a metals precious stones merchant/lapidary is signified: “Nanda…possessor…He gains all kinds of metals and precious stones and also pure and pleasant foog grains etc. and also performs their sale and barter.”(Manmatha Nath Dutt, Rector, Keshub Academy, 1896, Markandeya Purana -- Prose English Translation,, Calcutta, HC Dass, Elysium Press,(Chapter 68,, 30,-26, p.290). As one of nine Kubera's treasures, nanda or కుంద,
I do not know why other articles of trade are not listed in the magical arts called Padmini nidhi. There is a possibility that the nidhi called Nīla, referred to 1) saffire gem, and 2) 'indigo dye' used for dyeing clothings. Since the other 7 nidhi-s are related to metalworker and lapidary's work and artifacts, this nidhi may relate to the blue stone of lapiz lazuli which is archaeologically attested as a traded item with Ancient Near East, obtained from Sarasvati Civilization contact area of Badakshan, Afghanistan.