पलटन की परिभाषा हिंदी में (स्त्री) 1 सैनिकों का समूह, सैनिक दल, फौज 2 झुंड (जैसे—चौपायों की पलटन के पीछे लट्ठ लिए भागना). *jhuṇḍra ʻ crowd ʼ. 2. *jhutta -- . [Cf. *jhuppa -- 2] 1. S. jhuṇḍru m. ʻ band of fakirs ʼ; P. jhuṇḍ m. ʻ flock, troop ʼ; Ku. jhuṇḍi, N. jhuṇḍa; Bi. jhuṇḍ, jhū̃ṛ ʻ flock of sheep or goats ʼ; Bhoj. jhũṛi ʻ crowd ʼ; H. jhuṇḍ m. ʻ flock, troop ʼ, G. jhuṇḍ n., M. j̈huṇḍ f.2. N. jhut, jhutti ʻ crowd ʼ, jhutto ʻ bundle of 4 or 6 maize cobs ʼ, jhuttinu ʻ to get entangled ʼ; B. jhutta ʻ crowd ʼ.(CDIAL 5402)

Thus, the Meluhha word palṭan means 'army troop or team'; the expression kola palṭan signifies 'guild or community of kol-s'.

Hieroglyph:పెద్ద. కోలుపులి or కోల్పులి a royal tiger.(Telugu)

m0492 (DK 8120, NMI 151. National Museum, Delhi).2835 Pict-99: Person throwing a spear at a bison and placing one foot on the head of the bison; a hooded serpent at left.

  

paṭṭana n. ʻ town ʼ Kauṭ., ˚nī -- f. lex. 2. páttana -- n. MBh. [Prob. ← Drav. T. Burrow BSOAS xii 383 and EWA ii 192 with ṭṭ replaced by IA. tt. But its specific meaning as ʻ ferry ʼ in S. L. P. B. H. does lend support to its derivation by R. A. Hall in Language 12, 133 from *partana -- (√pr̥ ~ Lat. portus, &c.). Poss. MIA. pattana -- , paṭṭana -- ʻ *ferry ʼ has collided with Drav. loanword for ʻ town ʼ] 1. Pa. paṭṭana -- n. ʻ city ʼ, ˚aka -- n. ʻ a kind of village ʼ; Pk. paṭṭaṇa -- n. ʻ city ʼ; K. paṭan m. ʻ quarter of a town, name of a village 14 miles NW of Śrinagar ʼ; N. pāṭan ʻ name of a town in the Nepal Valley ʼ; B. pāṭan ʻ town, market ʼ; Or. pā̆ṭaṇā, ˚anā ʻ town, village, hamlet on outskirts of a big village ʼ; Bi. paṭnā ʻ name of a town ʼ; H. pāṭan m. ʻ town ʼ, G. pāṭaṇ n.; M. pāṭaṇ ʻ name of a town ʼ; Si. paṭuna ʻ town ʼ. -- Pa. paṭṭana -- n. ʻ harbour, port ʼ, Pk. paṭṭaṇa -- n.; H. paṭnī, pā̆ṭaunī, pāṭūnī m. ʻ ferryman ʼ; Si. paṭunaʻ harbour, seaport ʼ.2. Pk. pattaṇa -- n. ʻ town ʼ, Si. patana. -- S. pataṇu m. ʻ ferry ʼ (whence pātaṇī m. ʻ ferryman ʼ, f. ʻ ferry boat ʼ); L. pattan, (Ju.) pataṇ m. ʻ ferry ʼ; P. pattaṇ ʻ ferry, landing -- place ʼ, pattaṇī, ˚tuṇī m. ʻ ferryman, owho lives near a ferry ʼ; B. pātanī ʻ ferryman ʼ.(CDIAL 7705)

Living with the past: How Rakhigarhi residents share space with the remains of one of India’s ancient cities

Haryana’s Rakhigarhi is much like any other Indian village. Except that it was once a Harappan city. For residents, it is no longer a surprise to have scholars find history in their fields

Poulomi Banerjee 
Hindustan Times

One of the mounds under which remains of a settlement of the Harappan Civilisation was found. The ASI has declared four mounds in the village as protected areas, but cemeteries and other remains of the ancient civilisation which flourished here, such as broken pottery and seals, have also been found on private land.(Burhaan Kinu/HT PHOTO)

Many of the streets of Rakhigarhi, Haryana, are cobbled or bricked. But it’s often difficult to see the road surface, so covered is it with dried animal dung. As in most rural households in India, animals are a part of nearly every household. Milk is rarely, if ever, bought. Butter is made fresh, at home. And dried dung cakes are used to light fires for warmth through the freezing winters, heat water and often cook. “Even people with gas connections use dried dung cake fires to heat water and to cook. There’s a different flavour to the food, when cooked in an earthen pot over an open flame,” explains Vicky Malik, a Rakhigarhi resident, as he stands on a high mound beyond which stretches fields of wheat and yellow blossoming mustard. Near his feet, as indeed across most of the mound,are scattered round, flattened cakes made of animal dung – in various states of dryness. Beneath the waste lie the remains of the Indian subcontinent’s earliest-known urban culture.

Three years ago, a team of archaeologists working under Vasant Shinde of Pune’s Deccan College, found skeletons in one of the farmlands in the village. The cemetery they uncovered dated back to the Indus Valley Civilisation that had flourished in the subcontinent between 2600-1900 BCE. The locals weren’t surprised. Rakhigarhi’s introduction to its ties with the past had begun years ago.

Finding The Lost Town

The revelation of Rakhigarhi’s links to history was quite accidental, recalls archaeologist Ravindra Singh Bisht, who specialises in the study of the Indus Valley Civilisation – or Harappan Civilisation, as it is often called, after the name of the village in present-day Pakistan, where the first site of that ancient culture was discovered, sometime in the 1920s. “Acharya Bhagwan Dev headed a gurukul in Jhajjar, Haryana. He was also a collector of antiquities. Once, on a trip to Rakhigarhi, he found some old earthenware urns and other things in the soil here, but was unable to identify them,” explains Bisht. Dev invited Suraj Bhan, a professor who was studying the Harappan era, to examine his findings. “It was Bhan who established that these antiquities dated to the Indus Valley Civilisation. This was in the 1960s,” he adds.

Bisht paid his first visit to Rakhigarhi in 1972. Though referred to collectively as Rakhigarhi, the area is made of two small villages – Rakhi Khas and Rakhi Shahpur – each with its own panchayat. The site of the old Harappan Civilisation spreads across both. “Initially I identified five mounds where remains of the Harppan Civilisation could be found,” he says. Later he found two more with remains of a pre Harappan (or early-Harppan as some call it) settlement and recommended that they be all declared as ‘protected monuments’ by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Presently four of the seven mounds are ASI-protected. The others are too thickly populated at present to bring them under protection, says an ASI official. It was the reason why Bisht never did any excavations at Rakhigarhi. “Some of the biggest mounds were under occupation. I felt I could not do justice to the study in such a situation,” says the archaeologist, who has done extensive work in Dholavira, another site of the Harappan Civilization.