Mirror: http://tinyurl.com/q2h4k7t
Narrating the history of events in an extensive area of Eurasia ca. 3rd millennium BCE is a challenge. Many words undergo phonetic changes, e.g. Tvastr, Taksa as Tyr, Teshub, Tuisco, Tuisto. The narratives related to such persons however is related to their contributions in metallurgy and making of armour of the Bronze Age. It is possible to reasonably reconstruct the narrative out of the Tower of Babel thanks to decipherment of Indus Script Corpora as catalogus catalogorum of metalwork.
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/09/tvasta-rigveda-is-worstar-craftsman.html![]()
Tuisco Tuesday After Figure 1 shows a seventeenth-century imagining of the Germanic god Tuisco. Many in the seventeenth century believed that the Germans and their language (Deutsch, then often spelled Teutsch) were named after this supposed Germanic god. Tower of Babel in the background. https://blogs.nottingham.ac.uk/clas/2013/08/16/germania-remembered/ Germania Remembered 1500–2009. Commemorating and Inventing a Germanic Past, co-edited byDr Nicola McLelland (German) and Dr Christina Lee (English)
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Tuisco e Moni (divinità germaniche) From Manusk, 1774 book.
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Tuisco from Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum cf. Proto-Indo-European Society of ca. 2000 BCE (Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer)
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/tvastr-meluhha-of-bharatam-janam.html?view=timeslide
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Two views of Mitanni Storm Divinity, Teshub. Axe (paras'u) in his upraised right hand and a vajra (thunderbolt) in his left hand. The trident is also pictured in Mitanni seals. He wears a short fringed tunic with a wide belt. His horned helmet is reminiscent of the bull figures often associated with him. The photo on the left is from the Hittite capital in Turkey.
Teshub was the divinity of the sky, weather and storms (Hurrian).
Invocation to Tvaṣṭr̥.
RV 10.17.1-2: Tvastar prepares the bridal of his Daughter: all the world hears the tidings and assembles. But Yama's Mother, Spouse of great Vivasvat, vanished as she was carried to her dwelling. From mortal men they hid the Immortal Lady, made one like her and gave her to Vivasvat. Saranyu brought to him the Asvin brothers, and then deserted both twinned pairs of children. ![]()
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Map of the Near East ca. 1400 BCE showing the Mitanni kingdom at its greatest extent https://en.wiki2.org/wiki/Mitanni![]()
Narrating the history of events in an extensive area of Eurasia ca. 3rd millennium BCE is a challenge. Many words undergo phonetic changes, e.g. Tvastr, Taksa as Tyr, Teshub, Tuisco, Tuisto. The narratives related to such persons however is related to their contributions in metallurgy and making of armour of the Bronze Age. It is possible to reasonably reconstruct the narrative out of the Tower of Babel thanks to decipherment of Indus Script Corpora as catalogus catalogorum of metalwork.
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/09/tvasta-rigveda-is-worstar-craftsman.html
Tuisco Tuesday After Figure 1 shows a seventeenth-century imagining of the Germanic god Tuisco. Many in the seventeenth century believed that the Germans and their language (Deutsch, then often spelled Teutsch) were named after this supposed Germanic god. Tower of Babel in the background. https://blogs.nottingham.ac.uk/clas/2013/08/16/germania-remembered/ Germania Remembered 1500–2009. Commemorating and Inventing a Germanic Past, co-edited byDr Nicola McLelland (German) and Dr Christina Lee (English)
Tuisco e Moni (divinità germaniche) From Manusk, 1774 book.
Tuisco from Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum cf. Proto-Indo-European Society of ca. 2000 BCE (Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer)See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/tvastr-meluhha-of-bharatam-janam.html?view=timeslide
Two views of Mitanni Storm Divinity, Teshub. Axe (paras'u) in his upraised right hand and a vajra (thunderbolt) in his left hand. The trident is also pictured in Mitanni seals. He wears a short fringed tunic with a wide belt. His horned helmet is reminiscent of the bull figures often associated with him. The photo on the left is from the Hittite capital in Turkey. Teshub was the divinity of the sky, weather and storms (Hurrian).
How Tvaṣṭr̥ armourer, forged discus of Viṣṇu, Triśūla of Śiva and other weapons of divinities from solar disc, Sun divinity
Links with metalwork are clear from the meanings provided in Samskritam which extend from workman to copper to creative power: tvāṣṭra त्वाष्ट्र a. Belonging or coming from त्वष्टृ; त्वाष्ट्रं यद् दस्रावपिकक्ष्यं वाम् Rv.1.117.22. -ष्ट्रः Vṛitra; येनावृता इमे लोकास्तमसा त्वाष्ट्रमूर्तिना । स वै वृत्र इति प्रोक्तः पापः परमदारुणः ॥ Bhāg.6.9.18;11.12.5. -ष्ट्री 1 The asterism Chitra. -2 A small car. -ष्ट्रम् 1 Creative power; तपःसारमयं त्वाष्ट्रं वृत्रो येन विपाटितः Bhāg.8.11.35. -2 Copper. tvaṣṭṛ त्वष्टृ m. [त्वक्ष्-तृच्] 1 A carpenter, builder, workman, त्वष्ट्रेव विहितं यन्त्रम् Mb.12.33.22. -2 Viśvakarman, the architect of the gods. [Tvaṣtṛi is the Vulcan of the Hindu mythology. He had a son named Triśiras and a daughter called संज्ञा, who was given in marriage to the sun. But she was unable to bear the severe light of her husband, and therefore Tvaṣtṛi mounted the sun upon his lathe, and carefully trimmed off a part of his bright disc; cf. आरोप्य चक्रभ्रमिमुष्णतेजास्त्वष्ट्रेव यत्नो- ल्लिखितो विभाति R.6.32. The part trimmed off is said to have been used by him in forming the discus of Viṣṇu, the Triśūla of Śiva, and some other weapons of the gods.] पर्वतं चापि जग्राह क्रुद्धस्त्वष्टा महाबलः Mb.1.227. 34. -3 Prajāpati (the creator); यां चकार स्वयं त्वष्टा रामस्य महिषीं प्रियाम् Mb.3.274.9. -4 Āditya, a form of the sun; निर्भिन्ने अक्षिणी त्वष्टा लोकपालो$विशद्विभोः Bhāg.3.6.15. आदित्य a. [अदितेरपत्यं ण्य P.IV.1.85.] A son of Aditi; a god, divinity in general. (The number of Ādityas appears to have been originally seven, of whom Varuṇa is the head, and the name Āditya was restricted to them (देवा आदित्या ये सप्त Rv.9.114.3.). In the time of the Brāhmaṇas, however, the number of Ādityas rose to 12, representing the sun in the 12 months of the year; धाता मित्रो$र्यमा रुद्रो वरुणः सूर्य एव च । भगो विवस्वान् पूषा च सविता दशमः स्मृतः ॥ एकादशस्तथा त्वष्टा विष्णुर्द्वादश उच्यते ।); आदित्यानामहं विष्णुः Bg.1.21; Ku. 2.24. (These 12 suns are supposed to shine only at the destruction of the universe; cf. Ve.3.8; दग्धुं विश्वं दहनकिरणैर्नोदिता द्वादशार्काः).(Samskritam. Apte)
"King Shaushtatar (ruled c. 1430) extended the boundaries of Mitanni through the conquest of Alalakh, Nuzi, Assur, and Kizzuwatna. Egypt, under Tuthmosis III (1479-1425 BCE), defeated the Mitanni at Aleppo after a long period of contention over control of the region of Syria. Later Egyptian dynasties entered into pacts and treaties with Mitanni and the daughter of the Mitanni King Tushratta, the princess Taduhepa, was given in marriage to Amenhotep III (1391-1353 BCE) as part of a treaty which balanced power between the two nations.This treaty was put to the test during a power struggle in Washukanni between Tushratta and a relative of the previous king, Shuttarna, known as Artatama II. Egypt backed Tushratta in this conflict while the Hittite king Suppiluliuma I backed Artatama II. Tushratta seemed poised to succeed when Egypt, fearing the growing power of the Hittites, withdrew its support. Suppiluliuma I, tired of diplomacy and now free to do as he pleased without fear of Egyptian reprisal, led his forces on Washukanni and sacked it. Tushratta was assassinated by his son, perhaps in an effort to save the city. Following this conquest, Mitanni was ruled by Hittite kings."http://www.ancient.eu/Mitanni/ The name Tushratta may also be a phonetic variant of Tvaṣṭr̥, Tuisto. Indo-Aryan superstrate in Mitanni is postulated.
"In a treaty between the Hittites and the Mitanni (between Suppiluliuma and Shattiwaza, ca. 1380 BC), the deities Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya (Ashvins) are invoked.Kikkuli's horse training text (circa 1400 BC) includes technical terms such as aika (Vedic Sanskrit eka, one), tera (tri, three), panza (pañca, five), satta (sapta, seven), na (nava, nine), vartana (vartana, round). The numeral aika "one" is of particular importance because it places the superstrate in the vicinity of Indo-Aryan proper (Vedic Sanskrit eka, with regular contraction of /ai/ to [eː]) as opposed to Indo-Iranian or early Iranian (which has *aiva; compare Vedic eva "only") in general. Another text has babru(-nnu) (babhru, brown), parita(-nnu) (palita, grey), and pinkara(-nnu) (pingala, red). Another text has babru(-nnu) (babhru, brown), parita(-nnu) (palita, grey), and pinkara(-nnu) (pingala, red). Their chief festival was the celebration of the solstice (vishuva) which was common in most cultures in the ancient world. The Mitanni warriors were called marya (Hurrian: maria-nnu), the term for (young) warrior in Sanskrit as well;[1] note mišta-nnu (= miẓḍha,~ Sanskrit mīḍha) "payment (for catching a fugitive)" (Mayrhofer II 358). Sanskritic interpretations of Mitanni names render Artashumara (artaššumara) as Arta-smara "who thinks of Arta/Ṛta" (Mayrhofer II 780), Biridashva (biridašṷa, biriiašṷa) as Prītāśva "whose horse is dear" (Mayrhofer II 182), Priyamazda (priiamazda) as Priyamedha "whose wisdom is dear" (Mayrhofer II 189, II378), Citrarata as citraratha "whose chariot is shining" (Mayrhofer I 553), Indaruda/Endaruta as Indrota "helped by Indra" (Mayrhofer I 134), Shativaza (šattiṷaza) as Sātivāja "winning the race price" (Mayrhofer II 540, 696), Šubandhu as Subandhu 'having good relatives" (a name in Palestine, Mayrhofer II 209, 735), Tushratta (tṷišeratta, tušratta, etc.) as *tṷaišaratha, Vedic Tveṣaratha "whose chariot is vehement" (Mayrhofer I 686, I 736). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Aryan_superstrate_in_Mitanni
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/tvastr-is-metaphor-for-veneration-of.html Tvaṣṭr̥ is a metaphor for veneration of metalwork artificers, Bhāratam Janam, in Rigveda
Tvaṣṭṛ is sometimes associated or identified with deities,such as Savitṛ, Prajāpatī, Viśvakarman and Puṣan. He is the father of Saraṇyū, who twice bears twins to Vivasvat (RV 10.17.1), Yama and Yami, also identified as the first humans to be born on Earth. He is also the father of Viśvarūpa or Triśiras who was killed by Indra, in revenge Tvaṣṭṛ created Vrtra a fearsome dragon. Tvaṣṭṛ is a solar deity in the epic of Mahābhārata and the Harivaṃśa. He is mentioned as the son of Kāśyapa and Aditi, and is said to have made the three worlds with pieces of the Sun god Surya. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvastar
Invocation to Tvaṣṭr̥.![]()
RV 1.113.10 I invoke the chief and multiform Tvas.t.r. (= Vis'vakarma_); may he be solely ours. Sayana explains: Tvas.t.a_ = Vis'vakarma_, artificer of the gods, the fabricator of the original sacrificial vase or ladle. tvas.t.a_ vai pas'u_na_m mithuna_na_m ru_kakr.t---iti s'ruteh (Taittiri_ya.Sam.hita_ 6.1.8.5): Tvas.t.a_ forms in animals in pairs. This remarkable elucidation seems to anticipate the characteristic hieroglyphic multiplex forms -- particularly antithetical, pairs -- of composite animals used repeatedly in Indus Script Corpora. This characteristic pairing seems to be reflected in the explanation for the cognate word Tuisto in Germania -- as derived from tvai 'two':
Tvastar, Tuisto, Ymir. According to Tacitus's Germania (98 CE), Tuisto is the divine ancestor of the Germanic peoples...Tuisto, is commonly connected to the Proto-Germanic root tvai ("two") and its derivative tvis ("twice"; "doubled")...Jacob argues that the Germanic Tuisto (assuming a connection with Tvastr) must originally have been the grandfather of Ymir (cognate to Yama). Incidentally, Indian mythology also places Manu (cognate to Germanic Mannus), the Vedic progenitor of mankind, as a son of Vivaswān, thus making him the brother of Yama/Ymir.(Jacob, Alexander (2005). Ātman: A Reconstruction of the Solar Cosmology of the Indo-Europeans. Georg Olms Verlag., p.232)...According to Rives (1999), the fact that the ancient Germanic peoples claimed descent from an earth-born god was used by Tacitus to support his contention that they were an indigenous population: the Latin word indigena was often used in the same sense as the Greek autochthonos, meaning literally '[born from] the earth itself' (from χθών – chthōn "earth").(Rives, J. B. (1999) (Trans.) Tacitus' Germania. Oxford University Press, pp. 111-112.) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuisto ![Suryadeva.jpg]()
Surya with consorts Saranyu (Sanjna) and Chhaya. Saranyu is the daughter of Tvastar
Surya with consorts Saranyu (Sanjna) and Chhaya. Saranyu is the daughter of TvastarSaranya (Saraṇyū) or Saraniya (also known as Saranya, Sanjna, or Sangya) is the consort of Surya, and the divinity of clouds in Hindu tradition. She marries Vivasvat and is mother of Revanta, the twin Asvins, Manu, the twins Yama and Yami. Saraṇyū is the female form of the adjective saraṇyú, meaning "quick, fleet, nimble", used for rivers and wind in the Rigveda. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saranyu
10.017.01 Tvas.t.a_ celebrates the marriage of his daughter; therefore, the whole world is assembled; but the mother of Yama, the newly-married wife of the mighty Vivasvat, disappeared. [Deity Saran.yu_: The legend: Saran.yu_, the daughter of Tvas.t.a_, was given in marriage to Vivasvat, and had by him Yama and Yami_. Intimidated by his ardour, she substituted another female, her shadow, Cha_ya_, for herself, and going to Uttarakuru, changed herself to a mare. Vivasvat begot Manu by Cha_ya_, when, finding his error, he set off to look for his wife. Discovering her disguise, he transformed himself to a horse, and had by his wife the two As'vins].
10.017.02 The gods concealing the immortal (Sarn.yu_) for th esake of mortals and having formed her, gave her to Vivasvat. She bore the two As'vins when this had happened and then Saran.yu_ gave birth to two twins. [For the sake of mortals: maryebhyah = manus.yebhyas tadutpattyartham, for men, i.e. that men might be born. Manu was the offspring of Vivasvat and the woman resembling Saran.yu_ and all men are descended from Manu; the two twins: Yama and Yami_, but dva_ mithuna_, may mean two pairs of twins, Yama and Yami_, the first pair and the As'vins the second].
10.017.03 May the discriminating Pu_s.an, whose cattle are never lost, the protector of all beings, transfer you hence (to a better world); may he give you to these Pitr.s; may Agni (give) you to the beneficent gods. [This and the following three r.cas are to be recited at the funeral rites of a man who has been duly initiated, di_ks.ita].
10.017.04 May the all-pervading Va_yu protect you, may Pu_s.an (preserve) you, (going) first on the excellent path (to heaven); may the divine Savita_ place you, where the virtuous abide, whither they have gone. [a_yu = Va_yu].
10.017.05 Pu_s.an knows all these regions severally; met him conduct us by (the path) that is most free from peril; let him precede us, who is the giver of prosperity, endowed with radiance, accompanied by all pious men, ever vigilant, and knowing our (deserts).
10.017.06 Pu_s.an has been born on the best path of paths, on the best path of heaven on the best path of earth, he goes forward and backward over both (worlds), the assemblies longed for by all, discriminating (the merits of the dead). [Pu_s.an has been born: i.e., manifested in order to conduct men after death to their destination, according to their merits; he goes forward: i.e., favourably to the virtuous to show the fruit of good owrks, backward, i.e., he walks adversely to the wicked; discriminating the merits: i.e., he walks adversely to the wicked].
10.017.07 The devout invoke Sarasvati_; they worship Sarasvati_ at the strewn sacrifice; the virtuous call upon Sarasvati_; may Sarasvati_ bestow blessings upon the donor (of the oblation).
10.017.08 Divine Sarasvati_, who rides in the same chariot with the Pitr.s, and delighted (along with them) by the (sacrificial) viands, seated on the sacred grass gratified (by our offering, and grant us wholesome food.
10.017.09 Sarasvati_, whom the Pitr.s invoke when circumambulating sacrifice on the right, bestow upon the worshippers at this sacrifice a portion of food fit for thousands, and increase of riches.
10.017.10 May the maternal waters, purify us; may the shedders of water purify us with the effusion; for the divine (waters) bear away all sin; I come away from them purified (to heaven). [Shedders of water...with effusion: ghr.tena no ghr.tapvah punantu: waters which purify others by water; ghr.ta = effused water; ghr.tapvah = divinities presiding over effused water; or, ghr.ta = oiled butter (Yajus. 4.2); udemi = I go to heaven (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a 3.1.2.11)].
10.017.11 The Soma has risen to the earthly and heavenly (worlds), both this visible world, and that which (existed) before (it); I offer that Soma flowing through the common region (of heaven and earth) after the sacrifice (offered by the) seven (officiating priests). [drapsam = a name of the Sun (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a: 8.4.1.20); hotra_h = ditah, which are seven: zenith, nadir, centre and four cardinal points].
10.017.12 Soma, which escapes (from the hide), your filaments which let fall from the hands (of the priest escape) from the vicinity of the planks (of the press), or (from the hand) of the Adhvaryu, or from the filter; I offer it all with my mind (to Agni) with the word vas.at.
10.017.13 Your juice and your filaments, (Soma), which escape, and which fall from the ladle on this side or on that; may this divine Br.haspati sprinkle it for our enrichment.
10.017.14 (Waters)! the plants flourish by means of water my prayer is effectual through water; the essence of water is vigorous through water; purify me with it. [payasvat = having water; or, sa_ravat, having pith or vigour; being vigorous b\y means of water in the shape of rain].
10.017.02 The gods concealing the immortal (Sarn.yu_) for th esake of mortals and having formed her, gave her to Vivasvat. She bore the two As'vins when this had happened and then Saran.yu_ gave birth to two twins. [For the sake of mortals: maryebhyah = manus.yebhyas tadutpattyartham, for men, i.e. that men might be born. Manu was the offspring of Vivasvat and the woman resembling Saran.yu_ and all men are descended from Manu; the two twins: Yama and Yami_, but dva_ mithuna_, may mean two pairs of twins, Yama and Yami_, the first pair and the As'vins the second].
10.017.03 May the discriminating Pu_s.an, whose cattle are never lost, the protector of all beings, transfer you hence (to a better world); may he give you to these Pitr.s; may Agni (give) you to the beneficent gods. [This and the following three r.cas are to be recited at the funeral rites of a man who has been duly initiated, di_ks.ita].
10.017.04 May the all-pervading Va_yu protect you, may Pu_s.an (preserve) you, (going) first on the excellent path (to heaven); may the divine Savita_ place you, where the virtuous abide, whither they have gone. [a_yu = Va_yu].
10.017.05 Pu_s.an knows all these regions severally; met him conduct us by (the path) that is most free from peril; let him precede us, who is the giver of prosperity, endowed with radiance, accompanied by all pious men, ever vigilant, and knowing our (deserts).
10.017.06 Pu_s.an has been born on the best path of paths, on the best path of heaven on the best path of earth, he goes forward and backward over both (worlds), the assemblies longed for by all, discriminating (the merits of the dead). [Pu_s.an has been born: i.e., manifested in order to conduct men after death to their destination, according to their merits; he goes forward: i.e., favourably to the virtuous to show the fruit of good owrks, backward, i.e., he walks adversely to the wicked; discriminating the merits: i.e., he walks adversely to the wicked].
10.017.07 The devout invoke Sarasvati_; they worship Sarasvati_ at the strewn sacrifice; the virtuous call upon Sarasvati_; may Sarasvati_ bestow blessings upon the donor (of the oblation).
10.017.08 Divine Sarasvati_, who rides in the same chariot with the Pitr.s, and delighted (along with them) by the (sacrificial) viands, seated on the sacred grass gratified (by our offering, and grant us wholesome food.
10.017.09 Sarasvati_, whom the Pitr.s invoke when circumambulating sacrifice on the right, bestow upon the worshippers at this sacrifice a portion of food fit for thousands, and increase of riches.
10.017.10 May the maternal waters, purify us; may the shedders of water purify us with the effusion; for the divine (waters) bear away all sin; I come away from them purified (to heaven). [Shedders of water...with effusion: ghr.tena no ghr.tapvah punantu: waters which purify others by water; ghr.ta = effused water; ghr.tapvah = divinities presiding over effused water; or, ghr.ta = oiled butter (Yajus. 4.2); udemi = I go to heaven (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a 3.1.2.11)].
10.017.11 The Soma has risen to the earthly and heavenly (worlds), both this visible world, and that which (existed) before (it); I offer that Soma flowing through the common region (of heaven and earth) after the sacrifice (offered by the) seven (officiating priests). [drapsam = a name of the Sun (S'atapatha Bra_hman.a: 8.4.1.20); hotra_h = ditah, which are seven: zenith, nadir, centre and four cardinal points].
10.017.12 Soma, which escapes (from the hide), your filaments which let fall from the hands (of the priest escape) from the vicinity of the planks (of the press), or (from the hand) of the Adhvaryu, or from the filter; I offer it all with my mind (to Agni) with the word vas.at.
10.017.13 Your juice and your filaments, (Soma), which escape, and which fall from the ladle on this side or on that; may this divine Br.haspati sprinkle it for our enrichment.
10.017.14 (Waters)! the plants flourish by means of water my prayer is effectual through water; the essence of water is vigorous through water; purify me with it. [payasvat = having water; or, sa_ravat, having pith or vigour; being vigorous b\y means of water in the shape of rain].
c. 2900 BC Sumerian "proto-literate" period from about 3500 BC
c. 2700 BC Egyptian "proto-hieroglyphic" from about 3300 BC (2nd Dynasty, Narmer Palette)
c. 2400 BC Akkadian from about 2800 BC.[probably the 1st extensive use of writing]
c. 2400 BC Eblaite - They love not commenting this 1. [Proto-Ugaric, Hittite, Canaanite-ish]
c. 2250 BC Elamite - [Most closely related to Indo-Iranian group, developed east of mesopotamia in Susa]
c. 2000 BC Hurrian - fragmentary, known only from a few glosses in Hittite texts
c. 1800 BC Luwian - hieroglyphs [closely tied to Hittite]
c. 1700's BC Minoan archival documents written in Cretan hieroglyphs c. 1625 BC:
c. 1650 BC Hittite Various cuneiform texts and Palace Chronicles written during the reign of Hattusili I
c. 1500 BC Canaanite-Proto-Sinaitic alphabet
Map of the Near East ca. 1400 BCE showing the Mitanni kingdom at its greatest extent https://en.wiki2.org/wiki/Mitanni
Portrait of Tuisco (or Tuisto), identified by Tacitus as the ancestor of the Germans, after an illustration in Wolfgang Lazius' De aliquot gentium migrationibus.https://www.flickr.com/photos/58558794@N07/7725732342
Tacitus wrote:"In ancient lays, their only type of historical tradition, they celebrate Tuisto, a god brought forth from the earth. They attribute to him a son, Mannus, the source and founder of their people, and to Mannus three sons, from whose names those nearest the Ocean are called Ingvaeones, those in the middle Herminones, and the rest Istvaeones. Some people, inasmuch as antiquity gives free reign to speculation, maintain that there were more sons born from the god and hence more tribal designations- Marsi, Gambrivii, Suebi, and Vandilii- and that those names are genuine and ancient." (2.2) loc. cit. http://celto-germanic.blogspot.in/2014/04/tuisto-god-tiwaz.html
Richard North notes that tuisto may be 'two-standing' or 'standing twice'. Mannu is the son of Tuisto who is 'born from the earth'. (North, Richard, 1997, Heathen gods in old English literature, Cambridge University Press, pp.27, 270).
Týr (/ˈtɪr/; Old Norse: Týr [tyːr]) is a god associated with law and heroic glory in Norse mythology... If a warrior carved the rune Tîwaz on his weapon he would be dedicating it to Týr and strengthen the outcome of a battle to be in his favor. After a warrior has dedicated his weapon to Týr he should not lose it or break it. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BDr
The identification with metalsmiths provides a possible link of Tyr to Tvaṣṭr̥, Tuisto.
S. Kalyanaraman, Sarasvati Research Center, Sept. 21, 2015