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Two ancient writing systems used hieroglyphs and rebus cipher to convey messages. They were Egyptian hieroglyphs and Indus Script hieroglyph-multiplexes. Egyptian hieroglyphs signified consonantal language sounds of syllables without the inherent vowel sounds. Indus Script hieroglyphs signified speech words of Proto-Prakritam of Indian sprachbund and created hieroglyph-multiplexes to message technical specifications creating a lexis of metalwork in Indus Script Corpora which now accounts for over 7000 inscriptions explaining details of metalwork and metalcastings using minerals, metals, alloys, furnaces, smelters, cire perdue lost-wax method of casting.
Early writing systems provide resources for cryptographic analyses.
Two early writing systems -- ancient Egyptian writing and ancient Indian writing -- which simultaneously originated ca. 3100 BCE and ca. 3300 BCE signified phonetics of laguage by displaying heiroglyphs.
One difference should be noted between the two writing systems. Egyptian hieroglyphs signified consonant syllables without the inherent vowel sounds. Indus Script hieroglyphs signified metalwork words which constitute the technical lexis of Proto-Prakritam of the Bronze Age.
Egyptian hieroglyphs rebus
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Two hieroglyhs inscription of c. 3100 BCE renders name of King Narmer with pictures of 'catfish (Egyptian n'r) and 'awl' (Egyptian m'r). Detail of Narmer's palette. (After Finders Petrie, WM, 1953, Ceremonial slate palettes (British School of Egyptian Archaeology, vol. 66A), London:K26)
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The centre-piece of the palette is a hieroglyph-multiplex signifying: Nar-mer using hierolyphs as signifiers of the inherent consonantal phonetics: n'r 'cuttle-fish, m'r 'awl'.
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![Image result for narmer]()
![Image result for narmer]()
Indus Script hieroglyphs rebus
A 'Hieroglyph-multiplex' can also be called 'hyperciphertext' defined as a body of written or pictorial material of hieroglyphs in such a complex interconnected way that it constitutes a rebus-metonymy-layered cipher, constituting a ciphertext'. Sucha hyperciphertext may is elaborated as'hieroglyph multiplex ciphertext' when a number of hieroglyphs are presented in a complex catalogue of interconnected pictorial material. Such catalogues constitute catalogus catalogorum of Indus Script Corpora.
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Dwaraka 1 seal of turbinella pyrum: Ligaturing to the body of an ox: a head of one-horned young bull, and a head of antelope. Thus, there are three hieroglyphs signifying: ox, young bull and antelope.
![Image result for narmer bharatkalyan97]()
m1171 sãgaḍ f. ʻ a body formed of two or more fruits or animals or men &c. linked together (Marathi)(CDIAL 12859). Rebus: sangata 'joined' as in: sãgaḍ ʻfloat made of two canoes joined togetherʼ (Marathi); sã̄gāḍā m. ʻ frame of a building ʼ (M.)(CDIAL 12859) سنګر sangar, s.m. (2nd) A breastwork of stones, etc., erected to close a pass or road; lines, entrenchments.(Pashto) sā̃gāḍo, sãgaḍa(lathe/portable furnace) సంగడి sangaḍi. n. A couple, pair (Telugu) Rebus: 1. sãngatarāsu ‘stone-cutter, stone-carver’. संगतराश lit. ‘to collect stones, stone-cutter, mason.’ (Hindi) sanghāḍo (G.) cutting stone, gilding (Gujarati) 2. sangara [fr. saŋ+gṛ] promise, agreement J iv. 105, 111, 473; v. 25, 479 (Pali) 3. jangaḍ id. (Hindi. Gujarati.Marathi)
Varahamihira explains the phrase Vajra sanghAta as: 'adamantine glue' in archaeometallurgical terms which is consistent with the rendering of semantics of Bhāratam Janam as 'metalcaster folk' in Rigveda.
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Source: V. Subrahmanya Sastri and M. Ramakrishna Bhat, ed. trans. , 1946, Varahamihira's Brihat Samhita, Bangalore, VB Soobbiah and Sons.
https://archive.org/details/Brihatsamhita http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/02/vajra-sanghata-binding-together.html
खोड [ khōṇḍa ] m A young bull, a bullcalf (Marathi) rebus: khond 'turner'.
barad, barat'ox' Rebus: भरत (p. 603) [ bharata ] n A factitious metal compounded of copper, pewter, tin &c.
ranku 'antelope' Rebus: ranku'tin'' (Santali) krammara'look back' (Telugu) Rebus: kamar'artisan, smith' (Santali).
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/hieroglyphmultiplextext-sagad-vakyam.html
The expression used by Varahamihira is Vajra sanghāta, an adamantine glue. In this context, the meaning of the word is: 'alloying, mixing, binding together' (to achieve metallic cementing).
Alloying, cire perdue lost-wax metalcastings were major contributions of Meluhha artisans during the Bronze Age.
![Meluhhan Cylindrical Seal]()
Gregory L. Possehl,Shu-ilishu’s cylinder seal, Expedition, Vol. 48, Number 1, pp. 42-43).http://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/48-1/What%20in%20the%20World.pdf
Antelope carried by the Meluhhan is a hieroglyph: mlekh ‘goat’ (Br.); mr̤eka (Te.); mēṭam (Ta.); meṣam (Skt.) Thus, the goat conveys the message that the carrier is a Meluhha speaker. milakkhu, mleccha-mukha'copper' (Pali. Samskritam)
Thus, the basic difference between Egypt and Indus Script Corpora is that the Egyptian hieroglyph components signified consonant sounds of syllables of coptic while Indus Script hieroglyph components signified sounds of words of Proto-Prakritam (Indian sprachbund) -- a language speech category which subsumes sub-categories of Proto-Indo-Aryan, Proto-Munda and Proto-Dravidian.
S. Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Center
September 13, 2015
Two ancient writing systems used hieroglyphs and rebus cipher to convey messages. They were Egyptian hieroglyphs and Indus Script hieroglyph-multiplexes. Egyptian hieroglyphs signified consonantal language sounds of syllables without the inherent vowel sounds. Indus Script hieroglyphs signified speech words of Proto-Prakritam of Indian sprachbund and created hieroglyph-multiplexes to message technical specifications creating a lexis of metalwork in Indus Script Corpora which now accounts for over 7000 inscriptions explaining details of metalwork and metalcastings using minerals, metals, alloys, furnaces, smelters, cire perdue lost-wax method of casting.
Early writing systems provide resources for cryptographic analyses.
Two early writing systems -- ancient Egyptian writing and ancient Indian writing -- which simultaneously originated ca. 3100 BCE and ca. 3300 BCE signified phonetics of laguage by displaying heiroglyphs.
One difference should be noted between the two writing systems. Egyptian hieroglyphs signified consonant syllables without the inherent vowel sounds. Indus Script hieroglyphs signified metalwork words which constitute the technical lexis of Proto-Prakritam of the Bronze Age.
Egyptian hieroglyphs rebus
The centre-piece of the palette is a hieroglyph-multiplex signifying: Nar-mer using hierolyphs as signifiers of the inherent consonantal phonetics: n'r 'cuttle-fish, m'r 'awl'.
Indus Script hieroglyphs rebus
A 'Hieroglyph-multiplex' can also be called 'hyperciphertext' defined as a body of written or pictorial material of hieroglyphs in such a complex interconnected way that it constitutes a rebus-metonymy-layered cipher, constituting a ciphertext'. Sucha hyperciphertext may is elaborated as'hieroglyph multiplex ciphertext' when a number of hieroglyphs are presented in a complex catalogue of interconnected pictorial material. Such catalogues constitute catalogus catalogorum of Indus Script Corpora.
Dwaraka 1 seal of turbinella pyrum: Ligaturing to the body of an ox: a head of one-horned young bull, and a head of antelope. Thus, there are three hieroglyphs signifying: ox, young bull and antelope.
m1171 sãgaḍ f. ʻ a body formed of two or more fruits or animals or men &c. linked together (Marathi)(CDIAL 12859). Rebus: sangata 'joined' as in: sãgaḍ ʻfloat made of two canoes joined togetherʼ (Marathi); sã̄gāḍā m. ʻ frame of a building ʼ (M.)(CDIAL 12859) Varahamihira explains the phrase Vajra sanghAta as: 'adamantine glue' in archaeometallurgical terms which is consistent with the rendering of semantics of Bhāratam Janam as 'metalcaster folk' in Rigveda.
Source: V. Subrahmanya Sastri and M. Ramakrishna Bhat, ed. trans. , 1946, Varahamihira's Brihat Samhita, Bangalore, VB Soobbiah and Sons. https://archive.org/details/Brihatsamhita http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/02/vajra-sanghata-binding-together.html
खोड [ khōṇḍa ] m A young bull, a bullcalf (Marathi) rebus: khond 'turner'.
barad, barat'ox' Rebus: भरत (p. 603) [ bharata ] n A factitious metal compounded of copper, pewter, tin &c.
ranku 'antelope' Rebus: ranku'tin'' (Santali) krammara'look back' (Telugu) Rebus: kamar'artisan, smith' (Santali).
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/hieroglyphmultiplextext-sagad-vakyam.html
The expression used by Varahamihira is Vajra sanghāta, an adamantine glue. In this context, the meaning of the word is: 'alloying, mixing, binding together' (to achieve metallic cementing).
Alloying, cire perdue lost-wax metalcastings were major contributions of Meluhha artisans during the Bronze Age.
Gregory L. Possehl,Shu-ilishu’s cylinder seal, Expedition, Vol. 48, Number 1, pp. 42-43).http://www.penn.museum/documents/publications/expedition/PDFs/48-1/What%20in%20the%20World.pdfAntelope carried by the Meluhhan is a hieroglyph: mlekh ‘goat’ (Br.); mr̤eka (Te.); mēṭam (Ta.); meṣam (Skt.) Thus, the goat conveys the message that the carrier is a Meluhha speaker. milakkhu, mleccha-mukha'copper' (Pali. Samskritam)
Thus, the basic difference between Egypt and Indus Script Corpora is that the Egyptian hieroglyph components signified consonant sounds of syllables of coptic while Indus Script hieroglyph components signified sounds of words of Proto-Prakritam (Indian sprachbund) -- a language speech category which subsumes sub-categories of Proto-Indo-Aryan, Proto-Munda and Proto-Dravidian.
S. Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Center
September 13, 2015