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A challenge in archaeology is to trace the movements of people across Eurasia during the Bronze Age. A number of theories are postulated about the roots of civilizations and about the interactions in ancient times, say, 10,000 years before present, across present-day borderlands.
Ute Franke Voigt presents a remarkable chronological chart linking many cultural facets of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization (called Indus Civilization) with the cultural markers in southeastern Iran, Baluchistan and Sindh indicated by sites such as Mehrgarh, Nausharo, Sohr Damb, Shahr-e Sokhta.
Marielle Santoni who had excavated in Mehrgarh and Sibri. (Marielle Santoni, Sibri and the South cemetery of Mehrgarh: third millennium connections between the northern Kachi plain (Pakistan) and Central Asia, in: Bridget Allchin, ed., Sixth Intl. Conference, South Asian Archaeology, 1981, Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 52-60) https://www.scribd.com/doc/273226924/Marielle-Santoni-Sibri-and-the-South-cemetery-of-Mehrgarh-third-millennium-connections-between-the-northern-Kachi-plain-Pakistan-and-Central-Asia
Nausharo, Mehrgarh: ceramique c. 2500 BCE, C. Jarrige. Nausharo was inhabited later than Mehrgarh, probably first from about 2800 BCE
When a zebu, bos indicus, appears on pots as an inscribed hieroglyph – as at Nausharo --, the message is clear: the rebus-metonymy signifier points to poLa ‘zebu, bull dedicated to the gods’ Rebus: poLa ‘magnetite’. Hieroglyph: baṭa 'quail'; bhaṭa 'furnace' (G.); baṭa 'a kind of iron' (Gujarati.)
http://www.scribd.com/doc/156649844/Indian-civilization-evolved-in-the-8th-millennium-BCE-in-the-plains-of-Lost-River-Saraswati-Dikshit-K-N-and-B-R-Mani-Puratattva-42-pp-265-269Indian civilization evolved in the 8th millennium BCE in the plains of 'Lost' River Saraswati (Dikshit, K.N... by Srini Kalyanaraman
The 8th Millennium BC in the ‘Lost’ River ValleyIndian Civilization Evolved in the 8th Millennium BCE in the ‘Lost’ River Valley – Dr B. R. Mani
Hieroglyph: కారండవము [ kāraṇḍavamu ] n. A sort of duck. కారండవము [ kāraṇḍavamu ] kāraṇḍavamu. [Skt.] n. A sort of duck. कारंडव [kāraṇḍava ] m S A drake or sort of duck. कारंडवी f S The female. karandava [ kârandava ] m. kind of duck. कारण्ड a sort of duck R. vii , 31 , 21 கரண்டம் karaṇṭam, n. Rebus: Rebus: karaḍā ‘hard alloy’ (Marathi)
Hieroglyph: mlekh 'goat' Rebus: milakkhu 'copper'.
Hieroglyph: loa‘ficus religiosa’ Rebud: loh‘copper’.
Hieroglyph: kolmo‘rice plant’ Rebus: kolami‘smithy, forge’
Hieroglyph: miṇḍāl ‘markhor’ (Tōrwālī) meḍho a ram, a sheep (Gujarati)(CDIAL 10120) Rebus: mẽṛhẽt, meḍ ‘iron’ (Mu.Ho.)
Hieroglyph: barad, barat 'ox' Rebus: भरत (p. 603) [ bharata ] n A factitious metal compounded of copper, pewter, tin &c. (Marathi)
Hieroglyph: poLa ‘zebu’ Rebus: poLa ‘magnetite’.
Hieroglyph: rāngo ‘water buffalo bull’ (Ku.N.)(CDIAL 10559) Rebus: rango ‘pewter’. ranga, rang pewter is an alloy of tin, lead, and antimony (anjana) (Santali).
The hypothesis which is validated in historical chronology of peoples’ movements in Eurasia is that Meluhha artisans and merchants of Sarasvati-Sindhu Civilization moved to spread the archaeometallurgical initiatives of alloying. They had invented a unique writing system with hieroglyph multiplexes as signifiers to compile metalwork catalogues.
S. Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Center
August 1, 2015