Mirror: http://tinyurl.com/pnpf5co
mlecchita vikalpa is meluhha cipher of Indus Script Corpora.This writing system finds expredssion on hieroglyph multiplex texts in ancient traditions of Indian sprachbund (language speech union).
![ErmineSpot.jpg]()
Hoof of an equus genus (one toe per foot protected by a strong hoof).
In identifying the animal parts in the hieroglyphmultiplex of elephant with stalks as horns on a Sanchi relief, the hindpart of the hieroglyphmultiplex shows a penis and uncloven hoofs which make it a wild ass. This note identifies this body part as khara Equus hemionus, 'Indian wild ass' which roams the Great Indian Thar desert and Rann of Kutch. The error was recorded at http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/07/koliya-iron-smelters-mayas-dream-karaba.html
*kharapāla ʻ donkey -- driver ʼ. [khara -- 1 , pālá -- ]Paš. kharwāl. (CDIAL 3822) khara1 m. ʻ donkey ʼ KātyŚr., °rī -- f. Pāṇ.NiDoc. Pk. khara -- m., Gy. pal. ḳăr m., kắri f., arm. xari, eur. gr. kher, kfer, rum. xerú, Kt. kur, Pr. korūˊ, Dm. khar m., °ri f., Tir. kh*l r, Paš. lauṛ. kharm., khär f., Kal. urt. khār, Phal. khār m., khári f., K. khar m., khürü f., pog. kash. ḍoḍ. khar, S. kharu m., P. G. M. khar m., OM. khari f.; -- ext. Ash.kərəṭék, Shum. xareṭá; <-> L. kharkā m., °kī f. -- Kho. khairánu ʻ donkey's foal ʼ (+?).*kharapāla -- ; -- *kharabhaka -- .Addenda: khara -- 1 : Bshk. Kt. kur ʻ donkey ʼ (for loss of aspiration Morgenstierne ID 334).(CDIAL 3818)*kharatara -- ʻ mule ʼ. [khara -- 1 : cf. Ir. *xaratara -- in Khot. khaḍara ʻ mule ʼ H. W. Bailey BSOAS x 590 and letter 14.9.79, Sogd. g atark Benveniste Textes sogdiens 179 (→ Turk. qatir → Oss.dig. qadir). See Type aśvatará -- in New Indo -- aryan R. L. Turner in ColPa 419ff.](CDIAL 3820a)
The assumption is that the hindpart of the body shows an Asinus a subgenus of Equus (single-toed (hooved) grazing animal). That is, the toe or hoof is uncloven in the case of equus genus.
The assumption is that the frontpart of the body of the animal has cloven hoofs. A cloven hoof is a hoof split into two toes. This is found on members of the mammalian order Artiodactyla. Examples of mammals that possess this type of hoof are cattle, deer, goats, and sheep.
mlecchita vikalpa is meluhha cipher of Indus Script Corpora.This writing system finds expredssion on hieroglyph multiplex texts in ancient traditions of Indian sprachbund (language speech union).
Hoof of an equus genus (one toe per foot protected by a strong hoof).Hieroglyphmultiplextext of stalks as horns is displayed on a frieze of Sanchi with an elephant ligatured to the body of a wild-ass:
खरोष्टी [p= 337,3] f. a kind of written character or alphabet Lalit. x , 29; °रोट्ठि Jain. (Monier-Williams) I suggest that this gloss is derived from khār + ओष्ठ [p= 236,1]; that is, rebus: khār 'blacksmith' PLUS 'lip' which is metonymy for blacksmith speech.
ओष्ठ m. (etym. doubtful ; √उष् Un2. ii , 4) the lip (generally du.) RV. ii , 39 , 6 AV. x , 9 , 14 ; xx , 127 , 4 VS.S3Br. Mn. &c; ओष्ठी [p= 236,2] f. (in a compound the ओ of ओष्ठ forms with a preceding अ either वृद्धि औ , or गुण ओ Ka1ty. onPa1n2. 6-1 , 94) ; ([cf. Zd. aoshtra ; O. Pruss. austa , " mouth " ; O. Slav. usta , " mouth. "])
![]()
खरोष्टी [p= 337,3] f. a kind of written character or alphabet Lalit. x , 29; °रोट्ठि Jain. (Monier-Williams) I suggest that this gloss is derived from khār + ओष्ठ [p= 236,1]; that is, rebus: khār 'blacksmith' PLUS 'lip' which is metonymy for blacksmith speech.
ओष्ठ m. (etym. doubtful ; √उष् Un2. ii , 4) the lip (generally du.) RV. ii , 39 , 6 AV. x , 9 , 14 ; xx , 127 , 4 VS.S3Br. Mn. &c; ओष्ठी [p= 236,2] f. (in a compound the ओ of ओष्ठ forms with a preceding अ either वृद्धि औ , or गुण ओ Ka1ty. onPa1n2. 6-1 , 94) ; ([cf. Zd. aoshtra ; O. Pruss. austa , " mouth " ; O. Slav. usta , " mouth. "])
Hieroglyph multiplex: Sanchi stupa. railing. 2nd cent. BCE. Hieroglyphs are: elephant (face, trunk), wild-ass, onager (body), safflower, leafless stalks as horns
Hieroglyphs:
With karaṇḍā 'stalks' as koD 'horns' and artisans (carrying goads or weapons or काण्डी kANDI 'little stalk or stem') hieroglyph components added as signifiers on the frieze:
sangaḍi = joined animals (Marathi) [In this hieorglyphmultiplex, body of a bull is joined to the face and trunk of an elephant and hindpart of a wildass]
Rebus: saMghAta 'caravan (guild)'
khara 'wild ass, onager' rebus: khar 'blacksmith' (Kashmiri)
barad, barat, 'bull' rebus: baran, bharat 'mixed alloys' (5 copper, 4 zinc and 1 tin) (Punjabi) bharana id. (Bengali)
करडी [ karaḍī ] f (See करडई) Safflower Rebus: खरडा [ kharaḍā ] scribbling, engraving Rebus: करडा (p. 137) [ karaḍā ] Hard from alloy--iron, silver &c. PLUS kolmo 'three' Rebus: kolimi 'smithy, forge'.
kara ‘elephant’s trunk’ rebus: khar ‘blacksmith’ PLUS ibha 'elephant' Rebus: ibbo 'merchant' Pronounced together: (kar+ibbha) karb ‘iron’ (See: Tulu. ajirda karba very hard iron; karba iron.)
Or. kāṇḍa, kã̄ṛ ʻstalk, arrow ʼ(CDIAL 3023). Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans, metal-ware'. ayaskāṇḍa 'a quantity of iron, excellent iron'
Read together: karaḍā khāṇḍā bharat ibbo saMghAta kolimi Hard alloy, mixed alloy (copper+zinc+tin) smithy, forge blacksmith artisan-merchant-scribe OR metalcaster-engraver caravan (guild).
Or. kāṇḍa, kã̄ṛ ʻstalk, arrow ʼ(CDIAL 3023). Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans, metal-ware'. ayaskāṇḍa 'a quantity of iron, excellent iron'. http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.com/2015/07/proving-validity-of-deciherment-of.html
करडी [ karaḍī ] f (See करडई) Safflower Rebus: खरडा [ kharaḍā ] scribbling, engraving Rebus: करडा (p. 137) [ karaḍā ] Hard from alloy--iron, silver &c. PLUS kolmo 'three' Rebus: kolimi 'smithy, forge'.
kara ‘elephant’s trunk’ rebus: khar ‘blacksmith’ PLUS ibha 'elephant' Rebus: ibbo 'merchant' Pronounced together: (kar+ibbha) karb ‘iron’ (See: Tulu. ajirda karba very hard iron; karba iron.)
Or. kāṇḍa, kã̄ṛ ʻstalk, arrow ʼ(CDIAL 3023). Rebus: khāṇḍā 'tools, pots and pans, metal-ware'. ayaskāṇḍa 'a quantity of iron, excellent iron'
Read together: karaḍā khāṇḍā khar ibbo saMghAta kolimi Hard alloy, mixed alloy (copper+zinc+tin) smithy, forge blacksmith artisan-merchant-scribe OR metalcaster-engraver caravan (guild).
khār 1 खार् । लोहकारः m. (sg. abl. khāra 1 खार ; the pl. dat. of this word is khāran 1 खारन् , which is to be distinguished from khāran 2, q.v., s.v.), ablacksmith, an iron worker (cf. bandūka-khār, p. 111b, l. 46; K.Pr. 46; H. xi, 17); a farrier (El.). This word is often a part of a name, and in such case comes at the end (W. 118) as in Wahab khār, Wahab the smith (H. ii, 12; vi, 17). khāra-basta
khāra-basta खार-बस््त । चर्मप्रसेविका f. the skin bellows of a blacksmith. -büṭhü -ब&above;ठू&below; । लोहकारभित्तिः f. the wall of a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -bāy -बाय् । लोहकारपत्नी f. a blacksmith's wife (Gr.Gr. 34). -dŏkuru -द्वकुरु&below; । लोहकारायोघनः m. a blacksmith's hammer, a sledge-hammer. -gȧji -ग&above;जि&below; or -güjü -ग&above;जू&below; । लोहकारचुल्लिः f. a blacksmith's furnace or hearth. -hāl -हाल् । लोहकारकन्दुः f. (sg. dat. -höjü -हा&above;जू&below; ), a blacksmith's smelting furnace; cf. hāl 5. -kūrü -कूरू&below; । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter. -koṭu -क&above;टु&below; । लोहकारपुत्रः m. the son of a blacksmith, esp. a skilful son, who can work at the same profession. -küṭü -क&above;टू&below; । लोहकारकन्या f. a blacksmith's daughter, esp. one who has the virtues and qualities properly belonging to her father's profession or caste. -më˘ʦü 1 -म्य&above;च&dotbelow;ू&below; । लोहकारमृत्तिका f. (for 2, see [khāra 3] ), 'blacksmith's earth,' i.e. iron-ore. -nĕcyuwu -न्यचिवु&below; । लोहकारात्मजः m. a blacksmith's son. -nay -नय् । लोहकारनालिका f. (for khāranay 2, see [khārun] ), the trough into which the blacksmith allows melted iron to flow after smelting. -ʦañĕ -च्&dotbelow;ञ । लोहकारशान्ताङ्गाराः f.pl. charcoal used by blacksmiths in their furnaces. -wān वान् । लोहकारापणः m. a blacksmith's shop, a forge, smithy (K.Pr. 3). -waṭh -वठ् । आघाताधारशिला m. (sg. dat. -waṭas -वटि ), the large stone used by a blacksmith as an anvil.(Kashmiri)
The assumption is that the hindpart of the body shows an Asinus a subgenus of Equus (single-toed (hooved) grazing animal). That is, the toe or hoof is uncloven in the case of equus genus.
The assumption is that the frontpart of the body of the animal has cloven hoofs. A cloven hoof is a hoof split into two toes. This is found on members of the mammalian order Artiodactyla. Examples of mammals that possess this type of hoof are cattle, deer, goats, and sheep.
The rear foot of a giraffe.Khara + ghoda (lit. wild ass + horse).
kiangClosely related to the onager (Equus hemionus) is kiang (Equus kiang) is the largest of the wild asses. It is native to the Tibetan Plateau, where it inhabits montane and alpine grasslands. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiang) Kiangs are found on the Tibetan plateau, between the Himalayas in the south and the Kunlun Mountains in the north. This restricts them almost entirely to China, but small numbers are found across the borders in the Ladakh and Sikkim regions of India, and along the northern frontier of Nepal. (Shah, N. (2002). Moehlman, P.D., ed. Equids: zebras, asses and horses. Status survey and conservation action plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. pp. 72–81.)
Individual from Odu-Khari in the Little Rann of Kutch
A Persian onager (Equus hemionus onager) at Rostov-on-Don Zoo, Russia.
A Persian onager in Augsburg Zoo.
Indian onager Little Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India."The onager, also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass[2] (Equus hemionus) is a large member of the genus Equus of the family Equidae (horse family) native to the deserts and other arid regions of Iran, Pakistan, India and Mongolia, including in cold regions of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan...The specific name is Ancient Greek ἡμίονος (hēmíonos), from ἡμι- (hēmi-), half, and ὄνος (ónos), donkey; thus, half-donkey or mule. In Persian the archaic word gur preserves the second syllable of the common Indo-European term that includes ona/ono (donkey) and ger/gur (swift)...The kiang (E. kiang), a Tibetan relative, was previously considered to be a subspecies of the onager as E. hemionus kiang, but recent molecular studies indicate that it is a distinct species." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onager)
The gloss 'khara' is relatable to the metal/weapon characteristics of temper and hardness achieved by alloying, in the following glosses:
Ta. karaṭu roughness, unevenness, churlish temper; karaṭṭu rugged, uneven, unpolished; karaṇ uneven surface in vegetables and fruits, scar; karuprong, barb, spike; karumai, karil severity, cruelty; karukku teeth of a saw or sickle, jagged edge of palmyra leaf-stalk, sharpness. Ma. karaṭu what is rough oruneven; kaṟu rough; kaṟuppu roughness; karuma sharpness of sword; karukku teeth of a saw or file, thorns of a palmyra branch, irregular surface; karukarukka to be harsh, sharp, rough, irritating; karikku edge of teeth; kari-muḷ hard thorn; projecting parts of the skin of custard-apples, jack-fruits, etc.; kari-maṭal rind of jack-fruits. Ko. karp keenness or harshness (of wind); ? kako·ṭ hoe with sharp, broad blade (for -ko·ṭ, see 2064). Ka.karaḍu that is rough, uneven, unpolished, hard, or waste, useless, or wicked; kaṟaku, karku, kakku, gaṟaku, garaku, garku, garasu a jag, notch, dent, toothed part of a file or saw, rough part of a millstone, irregular surface, sharpness. Tu. karaḍů, karaḍu rough, coarse, worn out; wastage, loss, wear;kargōṭa hardness, hard-heartedness; hard, hard hearted; garu rough;
garime severity, strictness; gargāsů a saw. Te. kara sharp; karagasamu a saw;karakasa roughness; karusu rough, harsh; harsh words; kaṟaku, kaṟuku harshness, roughness, sharpness; rough, harsh, sharp; gari hardness, stiffness, sharpness; (B.) karaṭi stubborn, brutish, villainous; kakku a notch or dent, toothed part of a saw, file, or sickle, roughness of a millstone. Go. (Ma.)karkara sharp (Voc. 543). Kur. karcnā to be tough, (Hahn) be hardened. ? Cf. 1260 Ka. garasu. / Cf. Skt. karaṭa- a low, unruly, difficult person;karkara- hard, firm; karkaśa- rough, harsh, hard; krakaca-, karapattra- saw; khara- hard, harsh, rough, sharp-edged; kharu- harsh, cruel; Palikakaca- saw; khara- rough; saw; Pkt. karakaya- saw; Apabhraṃśa (Jasaharacariu) karaḍa- hard. Cf. esp. Turner, CDIAL, no. 2819. Cf. also Skt.karavāla- sword (for second element, cf. 5376 Ta. vāḷ).(CDIAL 1265)
bandūka-khār
Detail of the top of the sandstone Vedica pillar, half-roundel at top of vedika pillar with composite creatures in relief.
Hieroglyph: Tor. miṇḍ 'ram', miṇḍāl 'markhor' (CDIAL 10310) Rebus: meḍ (Ho.); mẽṛhet 'iron' (Munda.Ho.)
The two antelopes joined back-to-back: pusht ‘back’; rebus: pusht ‘ancestor’. pus̱ẖt bah pus̱ẖt ‘generation to generation.’ The ram could also be denoted by ṭagara ‘antelope’; takar, n. [தகர் T. tagaru, K. tagar.] 1. Sheep; ஆட்டின்பொது. (திவா.) 2. Ram; செம் மறியாட்டுக்கடா. (திவா.) பொருநகர் தாக்கற்குப் பேருந் தகைத்து (குறள், 486). Rebus: ṭagara ‘tin’. dula ‘pair’ (Kashmiri); rebus: dul 'cast metal’ (Munda). Thus the pair of antelopes on the top register denotes: tin smith artisan, dul ṭagara 'cast tin'.
sangaḍi = joined animals (Marathi) [In this hieorglyphmultiplex, body of a bull (zebu?) is joined to a fish-tail of a makara (crocodile)]
Rebus: saMghAta 'caravan (guild)'
xolA 'tail' Rebus: kol 'working in iron'; kolle 'blacksmith'; kolhe 'smelter'; kole.l 'smithy, temple'
The crocodile ligatured to the bull is: kāru ‘crocodile’ Rebus: khar ‘blacksmith’ (Kashmiri)
The bull is: ḍangar 'bull' Rebus: dhangar ‘blacksmith’ (Maithili)ḍangar ‘blacksmith’ (Hindi)
Interpreting the bull as a zebu: Hieroglyph: pola 'zebu, bos indicus'; rebus: pola 'magnetite ore'
áyas n. ʻ metal, iron ʼ RV.Pa. ayō nom. sg. n. and m., aya -- n. ʻ iron ʼ, Pk. aya -- n., Si. ya.Md. da ʻ iron ʼ, dafat ʻ piece of iron ʼ.(CDIAL 590) ayaskāṇḍa m.n. ʻ a quantity of iron, excellent iron ʼ Pāṇ. gaṇ. [áyas -- , kāˊṇḍa -- ]Si. yakaḍa ʻ iron ʼ.(CDIAL 591) அயம்; ayam
iii. 16 = S v. 92; of obl. cases only the instr. ayasā occurs Dh 240 (= ayato DhA iii. 344); Pv i. 1013 (paṭikujjita, of Niraya). -- Iron is the material used kat)e)coxh/n in the outfit & construction of Purgatory or Niraya (see niraya & Avīci & cp. Vism 56 sq.). -- In compn. both ayo˚ & aya˚ occur as bases.
I. ayo˚: -- kapāla an iron pot A , n. < ayas. 1. Iron; இரும்பு. (பிங்.) 2. Iron filings; அரப்பொடி. (தைலவ. தைல. 6.)
Ayo & Aya (nt.) [Sk. ayaḥ nt. iron & ore, Idg. *ajes -- , cp. Av. ayah, Lat. aes, Goth. aiz, Ohg. ēr (= Ger. Erz.), Ags. ār (= E. ore).] iron. The nom. ayofound only in set of 5 metals forming an alloy of gold (jātarūpa), viz. ayo, loha (copper), tipu (tin), sīsa (lead), sajjha (silver) A ayo 'fish' aya 'metal' PLUS karA 'gharial' khar 'blacksmith'. ayakara 'metalsmith'.
m0482A One side of a two-sided tablet m1429C One side of a prism tablet. ayo ‘fish’ (Mu.); rebus: aya ‘(alloyed) metal’ (G.) kāru a wild crocodile or alligator (Te.) Rebus:khār a blacksmith, an iron worker (cf. bandūka-khār) (Kashmiri)
Combined rebus reading: ayakāra ‘iron-smith’ (Pali).
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/meluhha-hieroglyphs-makara-torana-rope.html For examples from Indus Script Corpora of crocodile as hieroglyph component.
Sanchi stupa reliefs on a torana. Two mahouts ride on two elephants. One mahour carries a flagpost with a standard of 'srivatsa' hieroglyphmultiplex. In the background, a lotus bud PLUS molluscs flank a palm-spathe.
sippī f. ʻspathe of date palmʼ Rebus: sippi 'artificer, craftsman'
tAmara 'lotus' rebus: tAmra 'copper'
A pair of fish-tails: fourth component: ayo 'fish' Rebus aya 'iron'; ayas 'metal' PLUS dula 'pair' Rebus: dul 'cast metal'. Thus dul aya 'metal caster.'
Hieroglyph: kárṇikā Pa. kaṇṇikā -- f. ʻpericarp of lotus'' Rebus: kanka, kāraṇikā 'scribe'. This reading is combined with sã̄khī 'mollusc' Rebus: sangin 'guild' to read the message as kāraṇikā sanghin 'scribes guild'.
It is notable that the antithetical S-curves denoting molluscs are ligatured with a pair of lotuses: tAmara 'lotus' Rebus: tAmra 'copper', thus emphasizing the artificer's work with copper alloys.
It is notable that the antithetical S-curves denoting molluscs are ligatured with a pair of lotuses: tAmara 'lotus' Rebus: tAmra 'copper', thus emphasizing the artificer's work with copper alloys.
Why are yakṣá , yakṣiṇī dominant, frequently recurring art forms on Sanchi or Bharhut stupa tōraṇa friezes and on Begram ivories?
I suggest that the artists, śilpi, architects are conveying the substantive identifier gloss with phonemic variants: śākya, sakka , sakkia -- to reinforce their lineage of the Buddha and/or adherance to Bauddham.
The hieroglyphs deployed convey the semantics:1. śāˊkhā f. ʻbranchʼ RV.Pa. sākhā 'branch'; 2. hāngi (Kashmiri) sã̄khī 'mollusc, snail' (Bengali);
I suggest that the artists, śilpi, architects are conveying the substantive identifier gloss with phonemic variants: śākya, sakka , sakkia -- to reinforce their lineage of the Buddha and/or adherance to Bauddham.
The hieroglyphs deployed convey the semantics:1. śāˊkhā f. ʻbranchʼ RV.Pa. sākhā 'branch'; 2. hāngi (Kashmiri) sã̄khī 'mollusc, snail' (Bengali);
See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/06/sanchi-stupa-message-karuja-silpi-gana.html Mirror: http://tinyurl.com/p8zga3e