https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mdHtD1LTqOg Published on Jun 27, 2015
World Sanskrit Conference began at Bangkok on Sunday with External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj as the guest of honour at the inaugural session.
#DDNews to launch a news programme in #Sanskrit today, Coinciding with World Sanskrit Conference, Bangkok.
Lip service to Sanskrit, no revival roadmap | |
Charu Sudan Kasturi | Sunday , June 28 , 2015 | | |
New Delhi has thrown its diplomatic weight behind the 16th World Sanskrit Conference in Bangkok, sending the external affairs minister for the first time to the event, which begins exactly a week after the Prime Minister led International Day of Yoga celebrations from Rajpath. But sections of India's classical language scholars fear the public diplomatic outreach may end up as little more than "tokenism" amid a persisting domestic apathy that Amartya Sen highlighted at the Jaipur Literature Festival in January 2014. But a year after it assumed office, there is little other evidence that the Modi government has done much for India's classical languages, including Sanskrit, which many in the current administration claim to hold dear. Sen had called classical languages the "emotional content of a culture" and asked India's government to enhance investments into their research and into the humanities as opposed to a lopsided focus on the sciences. Globally, countries keen on keeping their classical languages alive have adopted a three-step process: introducing these languages in schools, protecting traditional forms of learning (examples in the Indian context will be gurukuls and madarsas) and contemporary research at universities. India lags in all three processes. Soon after coming to power in May last year, the Modi government had announced the celebration of a "Sanskrit Week" in schools affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education. But scholars argue that India needs to follow the examples of some European countries and get its schools to adopt classical languages as a mandatory subject - not just in central schools, and not just as a subject of study for a week in a year. Learning Latin is mandatory in Italian high schools, for instance, but Sanskrit is either an optional subject or not taught at all in Indian schools. "Tell students they can choose one classical language, but then make sure they study that," Masud Anvar Alavi, head of the Arabic department at Aligarh Muslim University, told this newspaper. "This shouldn't be looked at from the prism of religion - that Muslims should study Arabic or Persian, and Hindus Sanskrit." Italy has a system of schooling called the Liceo Classico where Latin and ancient Greek are compulsory subjects but India lacks any organised gurukul system for Sanskrit. The research scene is no better. In Bangkok, India has provided the funds for a cultural event and a dinner that foreign minister Sushma Swaraj will attend with the Sanskrit scholars. But back in New Delhi, one of the country's top Sanskrit research institutions is struggling to stay afloat, stripped of funds. The Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan was allocated zero fresh funds in the July 2014 budget, and then again in the February 2015 budget, documents show. The institution had no vice-chancellor for over a year and a half before Parameshwara Narayan Shastry, a Sanskrit scholar, was appointed in April this year. The Indian government's apathy is thrown into sharp relief by a new focus on classical languages and literature - including India's - at foreign institutions. Rohan Murty, son of Infosys founder N.R. Narayana Murthy, has given a $5.2-million grant to Harvard University Press to publish works in Indian classical literature in both the original language and in English. The Murty Classical Library of India was launched in Boston this January, a spokesperson said. "The idea was to revive classics - but not focus only on Sanskrit, as can happen," Mamta Wathare said. "I may speak Kannada, for instance, but I don't really know much about Kannada classics. Changing that is the idea." Harvard University Press will publish fiction, non-fiction, poetry and religious texts in Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Sanskrit, Tamil, Hindi, Marathi, Persian, Arabic, Telugu, Urdu, Malayalam and Buddhist texts in Pali. Some scholars see hope in the government's support for the Sanskrit conference and in the global renaissance in research on classical languages. "I'm optimistic," Amarjiva Lochan, a Delhi University Sanskrit professor who is participating in the conference, said over the phone from Bangkok. "You have never had an Indian foreign minister attending such a conference, even though it has been held for decades. And in this conference, we are treating Sanskrit like a living language." For instance, Sushma will inaugurate the conference speaking in Sanskrit - as she had done while taking the oath of office in May 2014. Conferences like the Bangkok summit are important for Sanskrit scholars, and must be encouraged, Bhardwaj agreed. "And it is very good if the government supports such initiatives," he said. "What you don't want is the support reduced to tokenism. There's a lot that needs to be done." |
Published: June 28, 2015 16:09 IST | Updated: June 28, 2015 16:29 IST Bangkok, June 28, 2015
Sanskrit should be propagated to purify minds of people: Sushma
Speaking entirely in Sanskrit, Swaraj called it a "modern and universal" language and said its tradition is comparable to the river Ganga.
Sanskrit scholars from 60 countries began a five-day conference in Bangkok on Sunday with an inaugural speech by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj who suggested that Sanskrit should be propagated so that “it purifies the minds of the people and thus sanctifies the whole world.”
Speaking entirely in Sanskrit to over 600 Sanskrit experts, Ms. Swaraj called it a “modern and universal” language and said its tradition is comparable to the river Ganga.
“The Ganga remains sacred from Gomukh, its source, to Ganga sagar where it enters the ocean. It sanctifies the tributaries, which attain the very nature of Ganga. Similar is Sanskrit; sacred by itself, it sanctifies all that come into its contact.
“Therefore, Sanskrit should be propagated so that it purifies the minds of the people and thus sanctifies the whole world. You Sanskritists do bathe in the sacred Sanskrit Ganga and are blessed,” she told the gathering.
Inaugural session of World Sanskrit Conference
Addressing the inaugural session of 16th World Sanskrit Conference in Bangkok as the Chief Guest, Ms. Swaraj also announced that a post of Joint Secretary for Sanskrit has been created in the Ministry of External Affairs.
“In the present days you are aware that scientists hold the view that Sanskrit can play an important role in developing software for language recognition, translations, cyber security and other fields of artificial intelligence,” Ms. Swaraj said.
“Knowledge in Sanskrit will go a long way in finding solutions to the contemporary problems like global warming, unsustainable consumption, civilisational clash, poverty, terrorism etc,” she said, adding a new direction and vision is needed in the field of research in Sanskrit to accomplish this task.
Citing a Sanskrit shloka, she said that narrow minded people discriminate among people considering some as theirs and some as alien, while the broad minded consider the whole universe as theirs.
Noting that today’s need is a healthy amalgamation of the ancient and modern, a meeting of the best in orient and occident, she said, “Our efforts are to be directed towards narrowing the gap between the study of Shastras and Science.”
This is for the first time that a Union Minister of her seniority has attended the World Sanskrit conference outside the country and hence it indicates the importance that the NDA government attaches to the promotion of the ancient language.
HRD Minister Smriti Irani, whose ministry is partly funding the event, will attend its closing ceremony on July 2.
The World Sanskrit Conference, which was organised first in Delhi in 1972, has been held in different countries since then. It is held once after every three years.
Of the 250 Sanskrit scholars participating from India, around 30 were from the RSS affiliate body Sanskrit Bharati this time.
Lauding Sanskrit Bharati’s role, Ms. Swaraj said that it was propagating Sanskrit by conducting conversation courses not only in India, but also in several countries world over.
“Particularly it has pioneered in introducing Sanskrit as a foreign language for students in United States of America. Its efforts are commendable,” she said.
Improve quality of Sanskrit teaching
The External Affairs Minister urged scholars to strive to improve the quality of its teaching and make it attractive.
“It is not sufficient to praise Sanskrit and detail its forte. All Sanskritists should deliberate upon what is to be done for the development of the language. Teaching of Sanskrit should be attractive, its quality should improve, and research in Sanskrit should be more functional,” she said.
Linking Sanskrit with modern subjects, developing literature on contemporary issues, a scientific study of the available texts, and such assignments are to be taken up by Sanskritists, she said.
“These tasks have to be prioritised. If you focus your discussions in this direction, it would greatly benefit the cause of Sanskrit,” Ms. Swaraj told the gathering.
She held that only a subject that addresses contemporary concerns will be accepted by people, studied and followed and then only it will be popular and relevant.
“For new inventions in science and technology fresh inputs are required. These inputs are available in Sanskrit, but inter-disciplinary research is necessary for achieving this goal. Groups of scholars in modern and ancient subjects have to work together and study Sanskrit texts scientifically.
“There should be coordinated programmes by institutions like Indian Institute of Science, IITs in collaboration with Sanskrit universities. Workshops on Sciences and Shastras and special lecture sessions have to be organised. New paths will open up by such efforts,” Ms Swaraj said.
Proclaiming that it is not mere a language but a “world view”, the Minister referred to percepts from Sanskrit, which say that universality, characterised by harmony, common welfare, and inclusiveness can only bring together the warring factions in the universe by friendly overtures.
“This concept of inclusiveness is unique to Sanskrit, it is its culture. Just as mutual trust, love, harmony, cooperation and other inclusive features are essential for an individual family, so are harmony, trust and cooperation are necessary among different nations, different societies, and different sects and traditions in the family of universe. To achieve this there is the vital necessity of the only excellent device, Sanskrit,” she said.
Ms. Swaraj said the Indian Council for Cultural Relations has decided to grant International Sanskrit Award to the scholar who has made significant contribution for Sanskrit. The award would carry with it a certificate and $20,000.
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