Emphatic evidence for Indus Script decipherment as metalwork catalogs. sanghāta 'aggregate alloy consignment, caravan' is denoted in mlecchita vikalpa (cipher) by sãghāṛɔ 'lathe'.
Mirror: https://www.academia.edu/11178699/Emphatic_evidence_for_Indus_Script_decipherment
The monograph aggregates -- sanghāta -- the interpretations discussed in the context of archaeometallurgy of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization artifacts and written messages (contained on seals, tablets and with inscriptions on metal objects themselves) to arrive at the semantics of the word sanghāta संघात which is also used by Śākyamuni (Gautama, the Buddha) to explain as a continuum of teaching by earlier Buddha, paryāya 'cognition'
of dharma in the famous Arya Sanghāṭa Sutra.(Note: viparyaya is interpreted in Samskritam as perverse cognition).
It is submitted that this is emphatic evidence for Indus Script decipherment as mlecchita vikalpa, cipher writing of Mleccha (Meluhha) words related to metalwork catalogs given the evidence of engraving of sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' on hundreds of inscriptions in Indus Script corpora. One meaning identified for the homonymous expression sanghāta is: 'caravan'; this semantics reinforces the purport of the inscriptions as related to the consignments carried by caravans of seafaring merchants. That they were seafaring is evidenced by the presence of Indus script inscriptions in the Persian Gulf, Elam, Sumeria/Mesopotamia.
1. http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/02/vajra-sanghata-binding-together.html
mahā-bhūtāny ahańkāro
buddhir avyaktam eva ca
indriyāṇi daśaikaḿ ca
pañca cendriya-gocarāḥ
icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaḿ duḥkhaḿ
sańghātaś cetanā dhṛtiḥ
etat kṣetraḿ samāsena
sa-vikāram udāhṛtam
(Bhagavad Gita 13.6-7) Translation: The five great elements, false ego, intelligence, the unmanifested, the ten senses and the mind, the five sense objects, desire, hatred, happiness, distress, the aggregate, the life symptoms, and convictions—all these are considered, in summary, to be the field of activities and its interactions.
http://www.bhagavad-gita.us/bhagavad-gita-13-6-7/
In this Bhagavad Gita verse, sańghāta is interpreted as 'the aggregate' in the field of activities (kṣetraḿ) and categorised together with: happiness, desire, life symptoms and convictions.
संघात [p= 1130,1] 1. a company of fellow-travellers , caravan VP.; 2. any aggregate of matter , body Bhag. Pur.; 3. (in gram.) a compound as a compact whole (opp. to its single parts) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3 , 56.; 4. striking or dashing together , killing , crushing MBh. Sus3r.
These four meanings are recorded in Samskritam lexicon.
As a hieroglyph: sãghāṛɔ 'lathe'(Gujarati), the word signifies 'dashing together, crushing' to create a perforation in a semiprecious stone.
In rebus reading: as a homonym and in the archaeometallurgical context of life-activities of Meluhha (mleccha) artisans, working with copper, other metals and alloys, संघात connotes: 1. a caravan (of, say, seafaring Meluhha merchants); 2. aggregate created by alloying metals; 3. signifier of the mesage contents accompanying the hieroglyph it connotes: compact whole, that is, the complete consignment (from the workshop) often indicated also as kanka, karṇika ('rin of jar' hieroglyph) rebus: karṇi 'supercargo' shipment for the caravan of seafaring Meluhha merchants.
Thus, I submit that the hieroglyph sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' is a signifier and the signified is: सं-घात sãghāta 'caravan consignment' [an assemblage, aggregate of metalwork objects (of the turner in workshop): metals, alloys].
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m008 Mohenjodaro seal.
This hieroglyph sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' is often read together with the one-horned young bull which connotes a turner, engraver, brassworker.
S. Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Center
March 1, 2015
Mirror: https://www.academia.edu/11178699/Emphatic_evidence_for_Indus_Script_decipherment
The monograph aggregates -- sanghāta -- the interpretations discussed in the context of archaeometallurgy of Sarasvati-Sindhu civilization artifacts and written messages (contained on seals, tablets and with inscriptions on metal objects themselves) to arrive at the semantics of the word sanghāta संघात which is also used by Śākyamuni (Gautama, the Buddha) to explain as a continuum of teaching by earlier Buddha, paryāya 'cognition'
of dharma in the famous Arya Sanghāṭa Sutra.(Note: viparyaya is interpreted in Samskritam as perverse cognition).
It is submitted that this is emphatic evidence for Indus Script decipherment as mlecchita vikalpa, cipher writing of Mleccha (Meluhha) words related to metalwork catalogs given the evidence of engraving of sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' on hundreds of inscriptions in Indus Script corpora. One meaning identified for the homonymous expression sanghāta is: 'caravan'; this semantics reinforces the purport of the inscriptions as related to the consignments carried by caravans of seafaring merchants. That they were seafaring is evidenced by the presence of Indus script inscriptions in the Persian Gulf, Elam, Sumeria/Mesopotamia.
1. http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2015/02/vajra-sanghata-binding-together.html
In addition to the usage of sanghāta संघात in Sankhya Karika of Ishwarakrishna as 'conglomerated' Prakriti 'material forms', Bhagavad Gita also expands the semantics of the word to connote 'aggregate'. This explanation is consistent with the usage by Varahamihira in Brihatsamhita when he refers to vajra sanghāta वज्र संघात as 'adamantine metallic glue created by a metal alloy of lead, pewter and iron rust.'
Such an explanation for the word which is a rebus homonym reading of sãghāṛɔ 'lathe'(Gujarati) results in the proposed meaning of sanghāta सं-घात 'aggregated alloy metalwork consignment'.
This explanation is consistent with the lexical entry in Kashmiri noted by Grierson: sangāṭh संगाठ् । सामग्री m. (sg. dat. sangāṭas संगाटस् ), a collection (of implements, tools, materials, for any object), apparatus, furniture, a collection of the things wanted on a journey, luggage, and so on. -- karun -- करुन् । सामग्रीसंग्रहः m.inf. to collect the ab. Semant. in Samskritam for a phonetic variant attested in Ramayana: संघट् 1 Ā. To meet, assemble together. -Caus. 1 To join or fasten together, bring together. संघाटः Fitting and joining of timbers, joinery, carpentry; तौ काष्ठसंघाटमथो चक्रतुः सुमह्लाप्लवम् Rām.2. 55.14. This is an emphatic explanation of the semantics of the word as related to work of a turner working with a lathe on alloyed metals and stones.
mahā-bhūtāny ahańkāro
buddhir avyaktam eva ca
indriyāṇi daśaikaḿ ca
pañca cendriya-gocarāḥ
icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaḿ duḥkhaḿ
sańghātaś cetanā dhṛtiḥ
etat kṣetraḿ samāsena
sa-vikāram udāhṛtam
(Bhagavad Gita 13.6-7) Translation: The five great elements, false ego, intelligence, the unmanifested, the ten senses and the mind, the five sense objects, desire, hatred, happiness, distress, the aggregate, the life symptoms, and convictions—all these are considered, in summary, to be the field of activities and its interactions.
http://www.bhagavad-gita.us/bhagavad-gita-13-6-7/
In this Bhagavad Gita verse, sańghāta is interpreted as 'the aggregate' in the field of activities (kṣetraḿ) and categorised together with: happiness, desire, life symptoms and convictions.
संघात [p= 1130,1] 1. a company of fellow-travellers , caravan VP.; 2. any aggregate of matter , body Bhag. Pur.; 3. (in gram.) a compound as a compact whole (opp. to its single parts) Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 2-3 , 56.; 4. striking or dashing together , killing , crushing MBh. Sus3r.
These four meanings are recorded in Samskritam lexicon.
As a hieroglyph: sãghāṛɔ 'lathe'(Gujarati), the word signifies 'dashing together, crushing' to create a perforation in a semiprecious stone.
In rebus reading: as a homonym and in the archaeometallurgical context of life-activities of Meluhha (mleccha) artisans, working with copper, other metals and alloys, संघात connotes: 1. a caravan (of, say, seafaring Meluhha merchants); 2. aggregate created by alloying metals; 3. signifier of the mesage contents accompanying the hieroglyph it connotes: compact whole, that is, the complete consignment (from the workshop) often indicated also as kanka, karṇika ('rin of jar' hieroglyph) rebus: karṇi 'supercargo' shipment for the caravan of seafaring Meluhha merchants.
Thus, I submit that the hieroglyph sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' is a signifier and the signified is: सं-घात sãghāta 'caravan consignment' [an assemblage, aggregate of metalwork objects (of the turner in workshop): metals, alloys].
m008 Mohenjodaro seal.This hieroglyph sãghāṛɔ 'lathe' is often read together with the one-horned young bull which connotes a turner, engraver, brassworker.
S. Kalyanaraman
Sarasvati Research Center
March 1, 2015