In Search of Ancient Seafarers in the Persian Gulf
Date: 2014/03/09 11:15:02 ق.ظ
In Search of Ancient Seafarers in the Persian Gulf
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The Persian Gulf and the adjacent regions of the Makran Sea (today known as sea of Oman) and Indian Ocean is an area of the world with a seafaring tradition of over 5,000 years in age, yet which has gone essentially unexplored beneath the waves. In fact, the South and Southwest Asian regions, and the Persian Gulf area in particular, have perhaps the richest and longest running seafaring tradition of any world region.
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The Persian Gulf and the adjacent regions of the Makran Sea (today known as sea of Oman) and Indian Ocean is an area of the world with a seafaring tradition of over 5,000 years in age, yet which has gone essentially unexplored beneath the waves. In fact, the South and Southwest Asian regions, and the Persian Gulf area in particular, have perhaps the richest and longest running seafaring tradition of any world region.
From before and through the Bronze Age, Iron Age, Arab conquest, medieval period, on down into the 20th century, ships in this region have played a vital and pivotal role in commerce, communication, and exploration.
The discovery, excavation, and documentation of a Bronze Age (c.5,000 - 3,500 years ago) ship involved in the elaborate trading activity between Sumer, Meluhha (Pakistan), Mishmâhig islands (what is today known as Bahrain), and the regions between and beyond would be one of the greatest achievements in the field of archaeology. To that end a search has been inaugurated for submerged shipwrecks of any period in the coastal and territorial waters of today UAE, a fascinating ancient Iranian land located on the Lower Persian Gulf, adjacent to the Straits of Hormoz.
The Lower Persian Gulf at the confluence of trading routes extending from Mainland Iran, China, Sri Lanka, and India in the east, to Ethiopia, Egypt, and Europe in the west, as well as the country's rich cultural heritage before Arab conquest and their migrations to the area, make this an ideal region in which to search for ancient seafarers.
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Persian Gulf Historical Map's
The original and reproduction of Babylonian map of about 2500 B.C. the Babylonians believed the earth to be a flat disk encircle by a salt water river (Persian gulf).from the Armenia atlas, Armenian text. and the children & youths encyclopedia, Russian ed.
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The rest of the world are entitled other regions in the map and this is a demonstration of the time limited knowledge about outside territories.
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An ancient Babylonian clay craft work , in front face the Babylonian world is mapped. In rear face related explanations are recorded. Babylonian and Assyria are shown surrounded by Persian gulf.(2500 B.C.)Original : British museum
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Fig. 5. Red granite stela of Darius the great commemorating the digging of the Darius the great canal from Tell el Maskhutab , Egypt . 518-515 B.C. Height 10 ft 4 in , width 6 ft 10 in .71 , 167 cm
Thales of Melitus ( 640 – 546 B.C.) Histoire mondiale de L’ astronautique par W. von Vraun – F.I. Ordway
The world map of Anaximander in 7th century B.C. (New English Encyclopedia)Download
The first world map performed by Anaximander Greece mathematican , Geographist and Thales’s Apprentice. Persian gulf is shown with a arrow sign
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Persian gulf in the hecataeus’s world map, French text ,Geographia September 1958
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Persian gulf in the hecataeus’s world map, French text , Alpha Encyclopedia No. 48
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Persian gulf in the hecataeus’s world map, English text space design ,Japanese Ed.
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Persian gulf in hecataeus’s world map, german text, from ocean, published by paul Hamlyn, London, printed in Yugoslavia.
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Persian gulf in the hecataeus’s world map, English text, every mans classical atlas, by j.oliver Thomson.
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Arabian gulf(red sea) in the Herodotus world map, eng text. every mans classical atlas, by j.oliver Thomson.
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Arabian gulf(red sea) in the Herodotus world map . picture story world exploration , by francis odle.
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Arabian gulf(red sea) in the Herodotus world map, Russian text. General Russian encyclopedia , st. Petersburg . 1896
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Arabian gulf(red sea) in the Herodotus world map, English text, space design , Japanese edition.
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Arabian gulf(red sea) the map of Africa by Herodotus, of the Enigma of the oceans and the seas Russian text by uzi , Moscow
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Herodotus world map, English text from the book of “how the world, lives & works” published by American book co. 1935.
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Persian gulf & Arabian gulf(red sea) In the dicaearchus world map. French text (magazine of geographic 1958, Paris)
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Sinus persicus , sinus arabicus in the Eratosthenes world map, English text from “asia adventures of exploration” , London 1948.
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map, English text , civil aviation . by Michael young , the pilot press Ltd.
Persian gulf & Arabian gulf(red sea) in the Eratosthenes world map, English text, from the story of map by lioyd Abzan, bonanza book New York.
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map, French text, from geographia , September 1958.
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map, from atlas universal des sciences , by henri duval, Paris , 1837
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map, from alpha encyclopedia 1969.
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Al-khalij-al-farsi (Persian gulf) in the world map by Eratosthenes, Arabic text . cartography by Dr. mohammad abdol karim sobhi , the university of cairo, 1966.
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map Spanish text, from “atlas universal aguilar” Madrid , 1960
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Persian gulf in the Eratosthenes world map, French text from “geographie general” . by L. perent classique Hachette Paris 1965.
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Persian gulf in the Hipparchus world map French text, (geographia 1958)
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Persian gulf as appeared in 4 maps of Hipparchus (150 B.C.) Eratosthenes (220 B.C.) Strabo (20 A.D.) and Ptolemy (140-170 A.D.) delmarech atlas , paris 1880
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Persian gulf in the globe of crates of mallus (145 B.C.) , Latin text from encyclopedia Britannica , volume XVII, 1911
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The globe of crates of mallus (145 B.C. ) from history of humanity Russian edition , printed in St. Petersburg , 1896
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Roman world map (first century B.C.) put the orient at the top, from “National Geographic atlas of the world” , Washington D.C.
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Persian gulf in the pomponius melas world map, Russian text, from “the enigma of the oceans & the seas” by : uzi , Moscow 1958
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Sinus persicus in the world map of pomponius mela, Latin text , from “story of map” by Lloyd Abzan , bonanza books , New York , 1949
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Persian gulf in two world maps of pomponius mela, Latin text , from “history of Humanity” Russian Edition , St. Petersburg 1896
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Persian gulf in the Strabo’s world map , English text from “Story of map”. By Lloyd Abzan , bonanza books , 1949
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Al-khalij-al-farsi (Persian gulf) in the strabo’s world map, Arabian text , from “Elm-al-kharaet” (cartography) , by : Dr.M.A.K.Sobhi , university of cario 1966
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Persian gulf in the strabo’s world map, English text . from “southern neighbors, geography for the Air age” by F.K.Branom, W.H.Sadlier Inc. U.S.A , 1951
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Persian gulf in the Strabo’s world map, Latin text, from “Map and Culture” essay in “Space Design” , No.20 Japanese Edition, 1966
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The imaginary portrait of Ptolemy (father of geography) from “the history of humanity” german text, Leipzig , 1896
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Ptolemy’s world map, and the index guide of his twenty six other maps, the sections showing Iran, Persian gulf , and Arabian Peninsula , is reproduced under plates No.
“geography for the air age, the catholic geography series” by : Fredrick k.branom, W.H.Sadlier , inc.chicago , 1951
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“geography for the air age, the catholic geography series” by : Fredrick k.branom, W.H.Sadlier , inc.chicago , 1951
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Relief picture of Ptolemy’s on the campanile of duomo Florence, by : Giotto & Andrea Pisano
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Russian text , from “the Enigma of the Oceans & the seas” by : Uzi , Moscow 1958
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , from “general encyclopedia” Russian Edition St. Petersburg , 1898
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , of Africa, Russian text , from “the enigma of the Oceans and the Seas” by Uzi, Moscow 1958
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“Al-khalij-al-farsi” (Persian gulf) in the Ptolemy’s world map, Arabic text (cartography by Dr. M.abdol karim sobhi , the university of Cairo , 1966
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, French text. (Alpha encyclopedia) , 1969
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, Persian text, tohfat-al-afagh by mehdigholi hedayat
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map “typvs orbis a ptol. Descriptvs” , Latin text, from “History of Humanity”, Russian Edition , St. Petersburg 1899
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Persian gulf in the world map of Ptolemy’s, Latin text , from “Pergamum world atlas” , polish & English Edition , Warsaw , 1968
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, Latin text , from “meners konoer-fations lexicon” (a general german encyclopedia) , Leipzig 1895
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, latin text (decorative printed map of the 15th to 18th centuries by R.A. skelton) , spring book , London , 1967
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, latin text (the story of maps and map – making by james A. Hathway , golden press – New York) 1960
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, Latin text , from “the Wide World , A geography” by : preston E. james , Maxwell Professor of geography and the chairman of geography Dept. at Syracuse university 1962
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, English text , from “Maps & their Makers” by G.R.Crone , librarian and map curator , royal geographical society , London , 1966
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Sinus Persicus in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text from “Principals of cartography” by Erwin Raisz , professor of cartography of the Harvard university , and one of the greatest authorizes in geography 1962 Mc Graw-Hill book Co. New York
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, French text - text geographia , September 1958
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Persian gulf and Arabian gulf , in the world maps of Ptolemy’s & Eratosthenes , French text , from “atlas university d’Histoire et de Geographie” by : M.N. Bouillet , Second Ed. Hachette , 1872
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map, Latin text , from “Hout in Alle tijden” by Door W. Boerhave Beekman , published by N.V.Uitgevers – Maatschappij E.Kluwer , Gravenhage 1949
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , English text “Atlas of world History” by R. R. Palmer , published by Rand Mcnally & Company , Chicago 1957
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , French text , from “La geographie , pour connaitre” by Andre Merlier , published by Libraries larousse , Paris 1963
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , English text from “New Geography” book 2 , by Wallace W. Atwood , Ginn & Co. Boston , 1921
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “Every man’s Classical Atlas” by J. Oliver Thomson , published by J. M. dent & Son Ltd. London , 1961
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “geography in world Society” by Alfred H. Meyer , published by J.B.Lippincott Co.Philadelphia 1963
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , French text , from “ geographie generale” by A. perpillpu , professor at Sorbonne , classiques Hachette , Paris , 1956
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text from “history of cartography” by leo Bagraw , published by C.A.Watts , London , 1964
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “Age of Exploration” by John R. Hale, published by time – life international , Nederland N.V. 1966
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “Bordas Encyclopedia” by Michel Legrain , published by Bordas – Editeur 1969
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “Encyclopedia Americana” New York , 1963
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , English text , from “Neighbors in Eurasia” by sister Marion George H.Mcvey , W. H. sadlier , Inc. New York , 1959
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “encyclopedia Britannica” Vol. XVI , London , 1929
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “the New International encyclopedia” , Volume XV, Published by Dodd , Mead & Co. New York , 1916
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , English text , from “Geographical Magazine”, June 1946
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Persian gulf in the Ptolemy’s world map , Latin text , from “Tout l’ Univers , Encyclopedie” , Hachett No.69 , Feb. 1963 , Paris