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EC calls all-party meet to discuss paper trail EVMs. If no EVM paper trail, rever to paper ballot -- SC to hear Swamy's plea on Aug. 22

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EC CALLS ALL-PARTY MEET TO DISCUSS PAPER TRAIL EVMS
Friday, 03 May 2013 | PNS | New Delhi

The Election Commission will meet all recognised political parties on May 10 to seek their consent for the new voter verifiable paper trail (VVPT) machines to replace the EVMs, following doubts that it could be tampered.

Over 13 lakh machines at a cost of roughly Rs 1,690 crore is what the Commission would require to conduct the General Elections with the VVPT technology. Under this system, the voter will get to see a paper trail of the vote cast by him providing details of the candidate, party name, and symbol. This would be collected in a box provided separately with the machine.

With the matter currently being monitored by the Supreme Court in a PIL filed by Janata Party president Subramanian Swamy, EC informed that it would rely on the Centre to earmark finances and carry out necessary amendments to the Conduct of Election Rules 1961.

Appearing for the Centre, Attorney General GE Vahanvati informed a Bench of Justices P Sathasivam and Ranjan Gogoi that the process of amendment was “underway”. In response to a letter written by EC on March 28, 2013, the Legislative Department of the Law Ministry had begun the work of preparing amendments to the Rules, which would be placed before the Parliament.

The Bench exclaimed, “We are happy that it has finally materialised. Now what remains is when we are to implement it.” Swamy informed the Court that the legal amendment and allocation of finances were minor issues and as regards the May 10 meeting, all parties were in support of introducing the VVPT machines. However, he urged the Court to keep the matter pending.

Swamy apprehended that for some “unforeseen reasons” if the Government was unable to implement the new system, he would reserve his right to re-introduce ballot system of voting. The court posted the matter for further consideration on August 22.

House panel approves SC/ST Bill

A Parliamentary Standing committee has approved The Readjustment of Representation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Bill, 2013 which seeks to give limited powers to the Election Commission to determine change in nomenclature of a parliamentary or Assembly seat where a caste has been included or excluded from the SC/ST list in the last one decade.

The Bill was referred to the Standing Committee on Law after members from various parties, including BJP, BSP, SP and CPI-M, objected to rushing through the crucial legislation when it was introduced in Rajya Sabha during the first half of the Budget Session.

http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/ec-calls-all-party-meet-to-discuss-paper-trail-evms.html

Karuna's anti-Sethu protest on May 15. GOI, declare Ramasetu national monument. Let people become aware of the great heritage.

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Survey of India Logo: AASETU HIMACHALAM – FROM CAPE COMORIN TO THE HIMALAYAS 1767 was the year Survey of India was established and mentioned on the logo.http://www.surveyofindia.gov.in/

One evidence for the historicity of the national monument, Ramasetu: The map shows SETUBANDHA http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/ A historical atlas of South Asia edited by Joseph E. Schwartzberg, Univ. of Chicago, 2006 Islamic expansion and changing Western views of South Asia, 7th-12th centuries p.33 Over 8000 pages of evidence were provided to the Hon'ble SC on the national monument.

KARUNA’S ANTI-SETHU PROTEST ON MAY 15
Friday, 03 May 2013 | Kumar Chellappan | CHENNAI

Come May 15, DMK chief M Karunanidhi, his family members and party workers will take to the streets demanding the demolition of Ram Sethu and construction of the Sethusamudram Shipping Channel Project. The SSCP, for which the works began in 2005, has been put on hold following the Supreme Court order staying the construction of the 167-km channel.

Karunanidhi says that there is no reference of Ram Sethu at any point of time in the history. He blames the Sangh Parivar for the campaign to preserve the Setu. The UPA Government led by the Congress is wavering in its stance on the Sethu and is yet to file any affidavit in the Supreme Court negating any evidence to prove that the Ram Sethu was built by Lord Rama.

The AIADMK Government led by Jayalalithaa filed an affidavit in the Supreme Court pleading the court to issue an order cancelling the works of the SSCP and declare Ram Sethu as a national heritage. This provoked Karunanidhi and his family to come out with an agitation.

Archaeologists and scientists are of the view that Ram Setu dates back to 5000 years. Though the Government of India has not yet filed any affidavit in the apex court regarding the authenticity of the Ram Sethu, the Union Railway Ministry has officially recognised that the Sethu was built by Lord Rama and his army of monkeys.

Marvels of South Indian Railway 1859-1951, a book published by Southern Railway and authored by S Subramhanyan, Divisional Railway Manager, Tiruchchirappallai, has devoted one full chapter to the visit of Lord Pentland, the then Governor of Madras to Dhanushkodi on February 24, 1914. The South Indian Railway Company welcomed the Governor by presenting him with a commemorative casket featuring the Ram Sethu (Page 73).

“The panels exhibit the present method of bridging the seas between India and Ceylon. The front panel represents the viaduct between the mainland of India and the Island of Rameswaram with a train passing over it. The back panel represents the old order of things. On the left hand side is the fortress in Ceylon which Lord Rama has set out to attack for the purpose of recovering his wife Sita who had been abducted by Ravan, the demon King of Ceylon.

In the middle is Rama’s Army of monkeys crossing over the causeway which they had constructed. On the right hand side of it is Rama himself leading his hosts. The panel is copied from an ancient Sanskrit manuscript which was purchased by the India Office at London. The other end panel represents the temple at Rameswaram which Rama himself founded on his return from Ceylon. The casket was made in London by “Goldsmiths’ and Silversmiths’ Company”, situated at No 112, Regent Street,” Subramhanyan writes in the book which was published after years of painstaking research.

The book, priced at Rs900 was published by the UPA Government in 2010. Interestingly, the book is published at a time when the parliamentary committee on Railways is headed by Thalikottai Rajuthevar Baalu, Karunanidhi’s representative in New Delhi.

S Kalyanaraman, former adviser to Indian Railways, is of the view that the memento presented to Governor Lord Pentland during his visit is significant. “The Englishmen are cautious and guarded while choosing the mementoes. They know its historical significance,” he told The Pioneer.

Karunanidhi’s argument against Ram Sethu is further demolished by The Setu and Rameshwaram, a book authored by Sanskrit scholar N Vanamamalai Pillai in 1929. The book has a foreword by Dewan Bahadur Sir CV Kumaraswamy Sastrigalm, the Judge of the Madras High Court. Pillai traces the history of Ram Sethu, the temple town of Rameshwaram and the Setupatis of Ramnad, the rulers of Rameshwaram.

He explains how the Kings of Ramnad got the name of Setupati. The reigning king of Ramnad was assigned the responsibility of guarding the Ram Sethu by Lord Rama himself, writes Pillai. “No pilgrimage to the Sethu can be complete without getting a look at the famous Setupati”, said the Maharajah of Travancore during his address to the people of Ramnad. Pillai has quoted from Nelson’s 1868 Madura Manual to drive home the authenticity of Ram Sethu and the role of Sethupaties as the official guardian of the bridge.

Shikaripura Ranganatha Rao, the doyen among the Indian marine archaeology has said: “This natural rock connecting the Mannar island with Rameshwaram island is now submerged in the sea owing to the rise in sea level during the last 4000 years or more but then it was perhaps in the Intertidal zone and likely to have been further raised by piling up of rubble to enable Rama’s followers to reach Lanka.” The husband-wife team of DK Hari and Hema Hari has brought out the book Historical Rama with all available scientific evidence in the world to prove that Ram Sethu is a reality and not a mythology.

The icing on the cake happens to be the Survey of India, the National Survey and Mapping Organisation of India which was set up in 1767. It is the oldest scientific department. The logo of the Survey of India has the words Aa Sethu Himachalam inscribed on it. Aa Sethu Himachalam means “from the Sethu to the Himalayas”.

http://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/karunas-anti-sethu-protest-on-may-15.html

Notes:

Malabar Bowen map (1747) drawn by Netherlands shows Ramarcoil I (that is, Rama temple).
Map drawn by Joseph Parks, Australian Botanical explorer (1788) shows Ramar Bridge (Map in Sarasvati Mahal Lib., Thanjavur), the map Hon’ble TR Baalu saw !
Map of 1804, by James Rennel, First Surveyor General of India, renamed Ramar Bridge as Adam’s bridge

Madras Presidency Administration Report, 1903 and a Travelogue, 1744 refer to the bridge

Glossary entry: Adam. …”Called the bridge of Rama… It really joined Ceylon to India until 1480, when a breach was made through rocks during a storm. A subsequent storm enlarged this and foot traffic then ceased…Partly above and partly below water; but when covered has now here above three or four feet of water…”

Source: Manual of the Administration of the Madras Presidency./C.D. Maclean (1903). New Delhi, AES, 3 Vols., 2440 p., Contents: Vol. 1: Chapters 1-9 Containing: The Principal Articles of the Manual Arranged so as to Conform to the Order of Subjects in the Yearly Presidency Administration Report. Vol. 2: Appendices Containing: Articles and Statements, Supplementary of the Articles in Vol. 1 Arranged Under General Heads. Vol. 3: Glossary of the Madras Presidency: A Classification of Terminology, a Gazetteer and Economic Dictionary of the Province and Other Information, the Whole Arranged Alphabetically and Indexed.

Travelogue

A book by Alexander Hamilton, 1744, A New Account of the East Indies: Giving an Exact and Copious Description of the Situation, P. 338 describes his visit to ‘zeloan’ (alt. spelling for Ceylon) by walking on the bridge.

Asiatic Society, 1799, Asiatick Researches: Or, Transactions of the Society Instituted in Bengal, P. 52 refers to the bridge called Setband (alt. spelling, setuband like Allahband; setu-bandha), broken in 3 places. It also notes “The people call it a bridge; or otherwise it appears to have wood growing on it, and to be inhabited.”

Research report:
Asiatic Society 1799:
Asiatick Researches: Or, Transactions of the Society Instituted in Bengal, P. 52 refers to the bridge called Setband (alt. spelling, setuband like Allahband; setu-bandha), broken in 3 places. It also notes “The people call it a bridge; or otherwise it appears to have wood growing on it, and to be inhabited.”

Hon’ble Mu. Karunanidhi cites evidence for Rama Setu, there is also evidence from Sangam literature. In a book titled, Ramanathapuram District Gazetteer published in 1972, Mu. Karunanidhi, the then Chief Minister writes a foreword and praises the contents
The book refers to Rama Setu (also called Adam’s bridge or Nala Setu).

‘setu’ in all bharatiya languages means ‘man-made bund’

English word ‘bund’ comes from Bharatiya word: bandha
Valmiki describes the construction of Sethu in detai (85 shlokas).
hastimaatraan mahaakaayaaH paaSaaNaamshca mahaabalaaH parvataamshca samutpaaTya yantraiH parivahanti ca Valmiki Ramayana 2-22-58 Vaanara having huge bodies, with mighty strength uprooted elephant-sized rocks and mountains and transported them by mechanical contrivances (yantraih).

Vedavyasa refers to Nalasetu
nalasetur iti khyāto yo 'dyāpi prathito bhuvi rāmasyājñāṃ puraskṛtya dhāryate girisaṃnibhaḥ MBh. 3.267.45
.... which even today, popular on earth as Nala's bridge, mountain-like, is sustained out of respect for [Lord] Rama's command. (Nala was son of Vis’wakarma) Kalidasa's Raghuvams’a (sarga 13): Rama, while returning from SriLanka in pushpaka vimaana: "Behold, Sita, My Sethu  of mountains dividing this frothy ocean is like the milky way dividing the sky into two parts"

Kaavya in Prakrit by Setubandha Kavya by the King Damodara Sen (5th Century).
King Pravarasena II (550-600 CE) called “Setu bandha or Ravanavaho, Dasamuha Vadha"

Evidence from Sangam literature:

1.kadunter iraaman udanpun.ar seetaiyaivalittakai arakkan vavviya jnaanr-ainilamcer madaran.i kan.d.a kurangincemmukap perunkil.ai izhaippolindaa anguaar-aa a varunakai yinidu per-r-ikume (Pur-anaanoor-u paadal 378) 

When Arakkan Ravana abducted Sita who came with Rama, the ornaments removed from her body and thrown by her to the ground, the monkey families adorned themselves erratically with these ornaments. People enjoyed seeing this sight. 

2.venve_r- kavuniyar tonmudu ko_d.imuzhangirum pauvam iranku mun tur-aivelpo_r iraaman arumar-aikku avittapal veezh aalam po_lao_viyavintanr-aal iv azhunkaloore (Akanaanoor-u paadal 70) 
Before Sri Rama embarked upon his journey to Sri Lanka, he sat below a big banyan tree on the banks of the sacred Setu (tiruvan.aikkarai) and was engrossed in conversation with his friends. The birds on the banyan tree were chirping. Sri Rama stopped the chirping by his command. 

Ancient Setu (Aryachakravarti) coins of Jaffna, 13th century and Parantaka Chola copper plate (10th cent.)Setupati coinage, 16th and 17th century Obverse: Sri Ganapati, seated.Reverse, in Tamil, Se-Tu-Pa-(Ti missing). Tamil script. (Nagaswamy R. 1979. Thiruttani and Velanjeri Copper Plates. State Dept. Of Archaeology, Tamilnadu. Madras. See: L’Hernault F. 1978. L’Iconographie de Subrahmanya au Tamilnad, Institut Francais d’ Indologie. Pondichery, p.111, ph. 63.) The copper plates indicate that Aparajitavarman went to Setutirtha.

Rama Setu: ancient monument of international importance, whether man-made or natural; even a stone or a cave or a river is a monument under the 1958 Act. So it is that Brahmasarovar and Majuli island are declared national monuments.

New Delhi, Mar 06, 2007: Government on Tuesday said there are no archaeological studies that reveal the existence of a Ram Setu bridge between India and Sri Lanka. However, a NASA satellite picture has shown the existence of a stretch of land bridge in the Palk Strait between the countries, Minister of Tourism and Culture Ambika Soni said in a written reply to the Rajya Sabha today. She informed the house that as there are no archaeological studies to confirm the fact, the government was not planning to take any preservation initiative in this direction. http://zeenews.com/articles.asp?aid=358346&sid=NAT

Read more...http://www.scribd.com/doc/3294089/Rama-Setu-Book-2

Rama Setu Book 2


Rama Setu Book 2


Two issues are intertwined in the Ramasetu saga: 1. Setusamudram Shippin Channel Project (SSCP); 2. Protection of Ramasetu as national monument.

Both issues have been deliberated upon in many fora. See, for example, the following list of blogposts which document 1) that SSCP as a navigation project does not make nautical sense, 2) that as noted by many studies SSCP does not also make ecological or economic sense and 3) that it is a national imperative to declare Ramasetu a national monument; indeed, it is world heritage since memory of Rama is venerated all over the globe. For the arguments related to SSCP, it should be noted that it is a transportation project to provide for movement of goods from west coast of India to the east coast. The objectives of a transportation project can be met without SSCP, for example, by providing for Marine Cooperatives as Special Marine Economic Zones along the coast line of India to provide for the abhyudayam of coastal people, by building a freight corridor between Vizhinjam, Cochi and Tuticorin to Kolkata by improving the Vizhinja, Cochi and Tuticorin ports as international container ports, by providing for oil/gas pipelines from the west to the east, etc. etc.

Why should Ramasetu be protected? It should be protected because it is a monument for dharma, the global, perennial ethic, because Sri Rama is called Ramo vigrahavaan dharmah, the very embodiment of dharma, whose life was to protect dharma and to set up Ramarajyam for abhyudayam as dharma in action. This memory is indelible and should be cherished and celebrated the world over. The national poet, Subrahmanya Bharati envisioned a day when Setu will be further strengthened as a causeway embankment to act as a bridge between India and Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean Community.

This bridge of the Indian Ocean Community (IOC) should become the beacon for strengthening the IOC as Rāṣṭram, an enlightened path for abhyudayam, general welfare of a third of humanity.

Cumulative list of blogposts (May 3, 2013):


Karuna's anti-Sethu protest on May 15. GOI, declar...
Ramasetu 05/03/13

  

 

TN for scrapping of Sethusamundram project. Now, G...Ramasetu

     

4/29/13

Rama Setu- An Engineering Marvel of 5076 BCE -- Bh...Ramasetu

     

4/26/13

GOI, scrap SSCP. Declare Rama setu national monume...Ramasetu

     

4/19/13

Sethu project will wipe out coral reef -- Zoologic...Ramasetu

     

4/11/13

Ramasetu: Pachauri warns of ecological consequence...Ramasetu

     

4/7/13

Sethusamudram Shipping Channel Project -- Sri Lank...Ramasetu

     

4/4/13

Global inquiry confirms Sethu plan disastrous - Ku...Ramasetu

     

4/3/13

SC Gives TN Time to Take Stand on Ram Sethu. Dr. S...Ramasetu

     

4/2/13

Rama Setu - An Engineering Marvel of 5076 BCE -- B...Ramasetu

     

3/17/13

Ramasetu protection. Indian ocean submarine hydrot...Ramasetu

     

3/16/13

Protect Ramasetu (Vedantam 80th birthday meet, Tri...Ramasetu

     

3/4/13

Ram Setu in danger! -- Sandhya JainRamasetu

     

3/3/13

Ramasetu: GOI should withdraw affidavit in SC. Pro...Ramasetu

     

3/1/13

Sethusamudram project: Pachauri committee puncture...Ramasetu

     

2/28/13

Rama Setu: GOI plans angers Hindus and Environment...Ramasetu

     

2/27/13

Ramasetu: GOI, withdraw affidavit in SC -- VHPRamasetu

     

2/27/13

Setuchannel: Why is GOI pushing through a high ris...Ramasetu

     

2/26/13

The Ram Setu Sutra -- Kanchan GuptaRamasetu

     

2/26/13

All Tamils must unite to save Ram-Setu.--- Jayasre...Ramasetu

     

2/26/13

Setu channel makes NO nautical sense - Capt. H Bal...Ramasetu

     

2/26/13

Ramasetu issue rocks Rajya Sabha. Reasons why Setu...Ramasetu

     

2/26/13

Make thorium nuclear power a reality -- 30-minute ...Ramasetu

     

2/26/13

Sethu project: Govt scraps panel reportRamasetu

     

2/25/13

Ramasetu: GOI violates Sec. 295 IPC, malicious of ...Ramasetu

     

2/25/13

Ramasetu: Karunanidhi attacks communal forces. Are...Ramasetu

     

2/25/13

12 facts about Rama and Ramasetu rowRamasetu

     

2/25/13

10 facts about the Ram Setu row -- Ankit GroverRamasetu

     

2/25/13

Ramasetu in SC: to hear arguments three weeks hen...Ramasetu

     

2/25/13

Dr Subramanian Swamy says Congress Government dare...Ramasetu

     

2/24/13

Tampering with Ramasetu will be national security ...Ramasetu

     

2/23/13

Centre playing with fire, junks Pachauri report. N...Ramasetu

     

2/23/13

Sita Kalyanam in Chennai holds Gen-X in thrall - K...Ramasetu

     

2/17/13

Ramasetu: Karunanidhi spares Ram, slams Jaya. Hind...Ramasetu

     

10/17/12

Declare Ram Setu national monument - TN Govt. Scra...Ramasetu

     

10/15/12

Ramayana The Epic - The creation of Ramasetu ( Vid...Ramasetu

     

8/19/12

Scrap Setuchannel project. Declare Ramasetu nation...Ramasetu

     

7/4/12

Will move court on Ram Setu issue: VHPRamasetu

     

4/23/12

Declare Ramasetu as National monument, Rameshwara...Ramasetu

     

4/21/12

Declare Ram Setu a national monumentRamasetu

     

4/2/12

Karuna slams Jaya for demanding natnl level status...Ramasetu

     

4/2/12

Remembering Hanuman, while celebrating Janmashtami...Ramasetu

     

8/21/11

MuKa ridiculed Sri Rama to get Setuchannel: Did Mu...Ramasetu

 

     

8/18/11

           

S. Kalyanaraman, Ph.D.

National President,

Rameswaram Ramasetu Protection Movement.

3 May 2013

Chinese provocation: Is India prepared? -- Gen. (retd.) Deepak Kapoor

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Chinese provocation: Is India prepared?

Author: Gen. (retd) Deepak Kapoor | IANS

Published Date: May 2, 2013 2:01 PM
Last Updated: May 2, 2013 2:01 PM

The Chinese intrusion into Depsang Bulge in East Ladakh, approximately 19 km inside our perception of the Line of Actual Control (LAC) on April 15, has raised temperatures both militarily and politically on either side. A series of border personnel meetings between the militaries of the two sides have not been able to resolve the issue so far and the standoff continues till date. It would not be incorrect to presume that this latest provocation from the Chinese side has been undertaken with the tacit approval of the highest levels in the Chinese hierarchy.


As we grapple with the current situation, it has reignited introspection as to our level of preparedness should things go from bad to worse.

Fifty years have elapsed since the Chinese aggression took place in 1962. A number of articles have appeared in the media covering that period as well as the events preceding it. While there are many reasons for the Indian Army's debacle, and these have been discussed threadbare in the past 50 years, there is no doubt about the valour, courage and heroism of the Indian soldier even in the most adverse circumstances which obtained then. Given the right training, equipment and battlefield support, he is better than the best in the world. With that as the takeaway, we need to ensure that such a setback is never ever repeated.

For a realistic assessment, first and foremost, there is need for clarity on some basic issues. Many an analyst has discounted the very possibility of a future Sino-Indian conflict on the grounds that both countries stand to gain from a cooperative engagement, that trade between the two countries is increasing exponentially over time, that there is enough space for both to grow simultaneously and that both are speaking in the same voice at global forums on issues like global warming, climate change, global economy, trade barriers, etc.

It is further suggested that China already being at the global level, has more important issues like Taiwan, South China Sea and finally Pacific Ocean dominance to worry about in consonance with its stature; therefore, it would not like to get involved in a border skirmish with India.

While it is good to be optimistic, we should not veer too far away from pragmatism and reality, especially where issues of national security are concerned. The possibility of a standoff like the present one on the LAC flaring up into a bigger confrontation can never be ruled out.

There is no getting away from the fact that China has assiduously tried to create an impression that India does not figure in its scheme of things and that India's rise and growth over the past decade has little significance and in no way threatens China.

In an analysis carried out by Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in January 2013 titled "Crux of Asia: China, India and the Emerging Global Order", Ashley J. Tellis and Sean Mirski highlight that "Differences in the Chinese and Indian positions sometimes arise from the two countries' competing visions but more often from their underlying geopolitical rivalry, which appears to be sufficiently deep-rooted so as to prevent the two states from realising any natural accommodation. To be sure, both sides bend over backward to conceal their differences in public, and both have often struggled to reach some accommodation that might permit occasional practical cooperation. But the differences in national power and performance between the two countries, the seeming disdain with which China treats India, and the deep fears that India harbors about China's policies and intentions lead to a never-ending contest for securing strategic advantages."

While cooperation and healthy competition are welcome and desirable, the seeds of confrontation are inherent between the two nations engaged in competition, at both the regional and global level.

Considering the fact that India is one of the few countries with which China has not resolved its long-standing boundary issue and that it has had a prolonged mutually beneficial ongoing relationship with Pakistan, the possibility of a confrontation between the two can never be ruled out.

From a national security perspective, it would, therefore, be prudent to be prepared for a threat to our territorial integrity. The last thing that India would want is a repeat of 1962!

A second issue that needs clarity is whether we expect to be subjected to an all-out, full-fledged war or a limited border war. Development of massive infrastructure in Tibet, modernisation of the PLA Army, Navy and Air Force, growth of Second Artillery and a fourfold increase in Chinese defence budget since 2000 gives it the option of indulging in an all-out war. However, given the regional and global realities, Chinese consciousness of its image as an emerging global power and the likely Chinese rationale of going to war over the boundary issue, the possibility of a limited war appears much stronger.

Thirdly, we need to introspect that while we may from time to time upgrade our operational readiness to meet the Chinese challenge, the Chinese continue to remain far ahead and we are invariably struggling to catch up. This is inevitable considering the kind of military spending China is indulging in. For the financial year 2012-13, the official Chinese military budget was $106.4 billion, the second highest in the world. As per Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) estimates, the actual expenditure is likely to be approximately one and a half times this figure.

As opposed to this, the Indian defence budget stood at a meagre $38 billion approximately.

In the current financial year, the official Chinese military budget is $115 billion approximately. In the span of last two decades, we have seen the PLA grow from an obsolete force, which was given a bloody nose by the Vietnamese, into a formidable, modernised and well-equipped military backed by an array of force multipliers. In the same period, the Indian military has been strenuously fighting counter insurgency battles in both J&K and the northeast and its equipment profile is nearing obsolescence. The danger is that this gap between the two is likely to keep increasing with passage of time, if past trends are any indication. Some major corrective steps are, therefore, necessary by us before it gets too late.

To begin with, it is crucial that we spend at least three per cent of our GDP on defence. Yearly shortfalls on this account can never be made up by onetime infusion at the time of a crisis.

Even during the Kargil conflict, General V P Malik, the then army chief, was constrained to say "we will fight with what we have" in the light of the shortages existing. We need to have a military which is consistently ready to face challenges to the country. National security, to ensure unhindered growth, is crucial.

With the limited resources available, we need to priortise our spending in such a manner that immediate threats are taken care of before we move on to other larger goals. It must also be appreciated that in the ultimate analysis, victory or defeat is measured in terms of real estate gained or lost. Thus, in case of a limited war with China, it is important that the Army and the Air Force who have to fight that war are allocated larger resources to begin with.

The infrastructure on our side of the Line of Actual Control (LAC) between China and India has yet to be developed fully, despite our best efforts so far. This is likely to prove a handicap in fighting a successful defensive battle. Our own environmental restrictions and prolonged land acquisition procedures need to be fine-tuned to hasten infrastructural development. Sixty-five years after independence, we are still dependent on one single, tenuous road axis in a number of crucial sectors.

Secondly, the Border Roads Organisation, which is the prime agency responsible for creating infrastructure in areas close to the LAC, is neither well-equipped and staffed nor well-organised and funded to deliver the desired results. Its functioning needs to be thoroughly reviewed and adequate funding provided to it to complete important infrastructure projects in a time-bound manner.

The possibility that in case of a conflict with China, Pakistan will not hesitate to fish in troubled waters and start something of its own on our western border also cannot be ruled out. Therefore, India has to be prepared to defend itself on both fronts and must accordingly develop its capabilities.

With a regime change in China having taken place, it would be worth India's while to work for a mutually acceptable settlement of the vexatious boundary issue. A resolution of this crucial issue would reduce the possibility of hostilities between the two countries. Further, it would avoid the threat of a two-front war, improve bilateral relations with China and enhance cooperation between the two countries on regional and global issues.

Finally, India has been consistent in following an independent foreign policy which suits our interests best. We have consciously stayed away from being part of any alignments. However, in the event of a continuously bellicose and confrontationist Chinese attitude, India should keep its options open for alignments at both the regional and global levels to meet the challenges of a hostile environment. Diplomatic alignments would be an additional hedge against avoiding a repeat of 1962.

http://newindianexpress.com/nation/Chinese-provocation-Is-India-prepared/2013/05/02/article1571736.ece?service=print

Something rotten at 10 Janpath. Seeing through the veil of sphinx-like silence of SoniaG -- NS Rajaram

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Something rotten at 10 Janpath
by N S Rajaram on 03 May 2013 2 Comments

Following their return from Pakistan, Sarabjit Singh’s relatives have charged that the Sonia-Manmohan Singh Government failed to support them and put no pressure on the Pakistani Government to stop its atrocities. This is consistent with Sonia Gandhi’s decades-long deference to Islamist forces even in the face of the most severe provocation. This weakness has come to haunt India with Chinese squatting on Indian soil and Pakistanis butchering Indians.

Something extraordinary is going on in the dark recesses of 10 Janpath. Sonia Gandhi and her retainers including Manmohan Singh are neglecting vital developments affecting the nation and are seemingly preoccupied with less vital issues like corruption which is nothing new for this administration.

I refer to Sarabjit Singh’s sister Dalbir Kaur’s charge on return from Pakistan that the Indian Government did not support her by putting pressure on Islamabad. Others have also noted this Government’s soft attitude towards Pakistan (and other anti-India outfits) in the face of the most appalling atrocities. Even this is only a symptom of a much deeper malaise.

One can ignore Manmohan Singh who is a voluntary nobody propped up by Sonia Gandhi. He has no mind or spirit of his own, and is but a willing minion of 10 Janpath. So we must look beyond him into those precincts and examine the antecedents of its occupants to decipher this persistent pro-Pakistan, pro-Islamist trend in the Sonia–Manmohan Singh policy.

An examination of her record over the years shows that Sonia Gandhi has never openly criticized Pakistani aggression or even Pakistan sponsored terrorism. This was so even during the Kargil War when she was anything but supportive of the Indian Armed Forces waging a life-and-death struggle against the Pakistani intruders. This is not a new development and Islamist forces have taken advantage of her reluctance to criticize them.

As far back as 2001, within weeks of the 9/11 attacks, the Bin Laden family-founded Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies invited Sonia Gandhi to deliver a lecture. Many found this strange, for the BJP was in power and Mrs Gandhi has no credentials to justify the invitation, other than her willingness to speak. In 2005, I wrote a two-part article for The American Thinker (Sonia Gandhi’s Reluctant War on Terror
http://www.americanthinker.com/2005/09/sonia_gandhis_reluctant_war_on_1.html and
http://www.americanthinker.com/2005/09/sonia_gandhis_reluctant_war_on.html)

The most curious thing about her talk at the Oxford Centre for Islamic Studies was, I noted:
“In her talk titled ‘Conflict and coexistence in our age,’ Mrs. Gandhi spoke vaguely about extremism and fundamentalism, ‘of all religions’ without once mentioning the word Jihad or terrorism. Mrs. Gandhi has never once uttered the word “Jihad” or mentioned Islamic terror in public even though India is one of the worst victims of Jihadi terrorism. The Telegraph of London called it a ‘strongly pro-Muslim speech.’

“Mrs. Gandhi is not an Islamic scholar - she has not even graduated high school. There was no reason for her to be invited to such a high profile institution, at such an inopportune time (November 2001) except its propaganda value. This proved suicidal for her party in the Gujarat state elections where the Congress was trounced. Adding to her troubles was a terrorist attack on a train that killed scores of passengers, mostly women and children. There again she failed to denounce Islamic terror.”

It was the same story again when on July 5, 2005 (two days before the London bombings). A band of jihadi terrorists armed with grenades and AK 47 rifles attacked a temple complex at the sacred Hindu site of Ayodhya. Thanks to the vigilance and the speedy response of the security forces, all terrorists were killed before they could do serious damage. Still there was a gun battle lasting hours and a soldier was killed, but the intended holocaust of Hindu devotees was averted.

Sonia Gandhi did not outright condemn the terrorist attack. All she did was to issue a weak statement appealing to the people to “stand as a rock against the divisive forces.” As was the case after the London blasts, there was talk of “backlash.” Teesta Setalvad, a Muslim activist close to Mrs. Gandhi, cautioned that the attack on the Ayodhya temple should not be labeled as Jihad. (Sic: Should it be labeled as a Tea Party?) As usual, Mrs. Gandhi did not use the word Jihad.

Her appeasement policy came to the fore again in a human rights case that has drawn international attention. When Imrana, a young Muslim woman was raped by her father-in-law, a self-appointed Muslim body calling itself the All India Muslim Personal Law Board, issued a ruling that the rape had made Imrana ‘impure’ (haraam) and that her marriage to her husband therefore stood annulled. Adding insult to injury, it directed Imrana to leave her husband and live with her rapist father-in-law as one of his wives!

There were protests all over India and the whole world reacted with shock. Salman Rushdie, himself a victim of religious persecution, wrote an op—ed in The New York Times (July 10, 2005) denouncing Islamic courts and the Sharia (Islamic code). (“India and Pakistan’s Code of dishonor,”
http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20D13F73D540C738DDDAE0894DD404482

In the midst of the storm, Sonia Gandhi refused to intervene or even condemn it. Instead, she directed her government’s law minister HR Bharadwaj, said to be her closest advisor, to issue a statement exonerating the Muslim Personal Law Board, saying that the government could not “interfere” in a religious matter.

So her reaction in the face of Pakistani barbarism is consistent with her record of handling provocations by Islamic outfits with kid gloves. Her conduct in the face of Pakistani atrocities against Indian prisoners is consistent with her decades-old pattern of deference towards provocation by Islamist outfits including Pakistan. It is not something to be seen in isolation.

Clearly her concern for not offending such groups overrides any concern (if she has any) for India’s national interests. The same is true of her son Rahul Gandhi who has been propagating the view that Hinduism represents a greater threat to security than terrorist outfits like the LeT, etc, all the while being protected by security guards who are mostly Hindu. (The same holds for his mother.) But Rahul Gandhi seems to have intellectual deficiencies with no assets beyond birth and (dubious) wealth and is not taken seriously. It is a different matter with Sonia Gandhi and Dr. Manmohan Singh.

Sonia Gandhi and her family enjoy security guards provided by the Government. She will lose this protection once the coalition government falls. Has this made her go soft in the face of provocation by Islamic fundamentalist forces? This vulnerability and its potential impact on the global war on terror, not to mention India’s national security, is something all of us need to know and understand.

This cannot be said of Manmohan Singh. At this time in his life he should be thinking about his place in history. Unlike Sonia Gandhi and her family and friends – from Quattrocchi to Robert Vadra – one expects him to be dedicated to India, not to a neo-rich family that has propped him up because he has a supple backbone. He needs to decide how he wants to go down in history – as a national leader or as the domestic minion of a neo-rich family rapidly descending into a cesspool of disrepute and disgrace.

The conduct of Sonia Gandhi in the face of Pakistani atrocities is enough to raise questions about her motives and agenda in India and her attitude towards national security. At the very least she should address the nation and declare unequivocally where she sees her interests lie: in India which has given her everything while getting little in return (other than rapacious friends and relatives) – or appeasing Pakistan and the Jihadi forces that have sworn to destroy India and with it everything Sonia Gandhi has gained.

In the final analysis, no individual is above the nation – or every individual is. National security cannot be sacrificed on the altar of insecurity of a privileged few. India’s enemies are taking advantage of the spinelessness of the Sonia – Manmohan Singh Government. Chinese are squatting on Indian soil while Pakistan is butchering Indian citizens. In the face of this, Sonia Gandhi must stop playing the sphinx; she should come out and spell out her policy on Jihadi terrorism and national security. People have seen enough of her veil of sphinx-like silence and are now beginning to see through it.

User Comments Post a Comment
The writer is known for producing "gems" and this one is not an exception.The writer wants every one around him to see things in his "saffron" colored glasses and anyone speaking his or her mind is quickly labelled "Muslim lover" or even better "anti-Hindu".
The fact of the matter is that Sarbjeet Singh was no ordinary criminal. He was a terrorist who was caught crossing the border and then let go. He was then caught red handed murdering 18 people who never hrmed him and confessed to terrorism.The families of those murdered people would have liked to see Sarabjeet Singh hang from the gallows, till he was dead .He stole that from the families by engaging in a fight with two other criminals who were incarcerated in the same jail.
He should not have died in the fight. He should have been hanged long ago. It was the incompetence of the jail authorities or their magnanimity that Sarbjeet was allowed to live so long and died in this manner.
While Pakistani criminals are all over the Indian news channles, Indian criminals are treated as victims. Pakistani victims are buried in local Indian graveyards. Their bodies are not handed over to their relatives in Pakistan.This Indian convict should be buried in the local graveyard in Pakistan and his body should not be sent back to India where he can be celebrated as a hero.
If we all remember just recently an Indian spy was released by Pakistan where he was pleading his innocence but as soon he crossed back into India he smiled and admitted that he indeed was a spy working for Indian intelligence agency.


observer
5 Hours ago Report Abuse
@Dr. N.S. Rajaram

The questions you have raised about Sonia are indeed pertinent. Her motivations ? Afterall she surrounded herself with advisors such as Ahmed (cannot recall his full name) or Salman Kurshid, people who are intent on keeping their priviliged perches secure.

She is, in my opinion both a scheming woman and lured by the prospects not only of power but also money. From all the reports about her she comes from a family that was originally so poor that the good nuns of the convent in Italy sent her to learn English and become an au pair.

Unfortunately for India, Rajiv Gandhi meets her and the rest is history. From rags to riches ! The Swiss accounts stashed away both for herself and her children. The frequent trips to Europe, the sisters who made fortunes by selling stolen antiques from India ! And the enrichment from the Commonwealth games.

Behind her stoic appearance is something else. It has been speculated that once her use is over, the powers that set her up may eventually wish to be rid of her. So there may be some latent fear also.

One thing is certain : her devout Catholicism has prevented her from throwing in her lot with Hindu India which she secretly despises. And there may be something to the Opus Dei story.

At any rate her days of power and glory are numbered. But she cannot be let off lightly to retire to Switzerland or some place in Europe where she can enjoy the money she stole from the Indian masses. She must be brought to justice in India, and the monies should be recovered.

Re: Sarabjit. Since his capital sentence was commuted to life imprisonment and he was due to be released (after serving some 23 years already) the question arises as to why Pakistan did not release him immediately, even before the tragedy occurred.

These and other questions related to the death of a prisoner in state custody are ones that must be discussed diligently both by the Opposition and the Indian public.
Dr.Vijaya Rajiva

http://www.vijayvaani.com/ArticleDisplay.aspx?aid=2787

The Sphinx In The Room

Sonia Gandhi can do no wrong. That seems to be the basic assumption in the current debate. Is she such a morally superior person that her good faith and integrity have to be implicitly accepted and her role cannot be questioned?
B. RAMAN

Sonia Gandhi can do no wrong.

That seems to be the basic assumption in the current debate on the various decisions of a very controversial nature made by the government of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh since the present government was formed after the elections of 2009—whether the decisions related to the questionable functioning of the ministry of telecommunications or the wrongful appointment to the high-pedestal post of the Central Vigilance Commissioner (CVC) of someone facing an enquiry into a charge, which could cast a shadow on his integrity if proved or other serious matters of public interest.

In all the debates in public—whether in the media or by political parties— the focus has been on the role of the Prime Minister and other concerned ministers as well as bureaucrats. I watched with interest the debate in the various TV channels this evening on the adverse judgement of a bench of the Supreme Court delivered earlier in the day in the case regarding the procedure followed for the appointment of Shri PJ Thomas as the CVC.

The eminent personalities, who participated in the debates, as well as the TV anchors focussed only on the role of the various personalities in the government from the Prime Minister downwards. Not one of them mentioned even in passing the possible role of Sonia Gandhi as the leader of the Congress (I) in these controversial decisions. Even the spokespersons of the opposition parties, including the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), did not even mention her name in their interventions.

Does this mean that all these controversial decisions were taken only by the government with the Congress (I) leadership playing no role in it? Any objective analyst would find it difficult to accept this. We have been under a peculiar system of governance since 2004 in which real power seems to be wielded by Sonia Gandhi in her capacity as the head of the Congress (I) with the Prime Minister as the head of the government exercising only seeming power.

There has been an unseen, but unquestioned power which has been exercising a compulsive influence on decision-making in important matters. This compulsive influence is quite evident in the case of the appointment of the CVC. Whether in matters relating to his appointment despite his facing an incomplete enquiry or the defence of his appointment before the Supreme Court everyone from the Prime Minister downwards has been acting as if they were acting at the instance of an invisible force that could not be resisted. Such an invisible force could be only that of Mrs. Sonia Gandhi.

She has been conducting herself as a neutral, disinterested bystander, who had nothing to do with any of these decisions. She has not spoken on any of these decisions in any great detail, nor has she been questioned. Everyone, including the media and even the opposition, has been behaving as if like the British monarch she is above and beyond all controversies and, hence, her role cannot be questioned.

If one has to find out the real truth behind the recent controversies it is as important to go into her role as it is to go into the role of others. The assumption that Sonia Gandhi can do no wrong has to be challenged by the public as well as the media and the political class. She must be made to face the fire of criticism and questioning like any other leader. She should no longer be treated as if she is a morally superior person whose good faith and integrity have to be implicitly accepted.

It is important for the Joint Parliamentary Committee (JPC) now being constituted to summon her and question her in detail on the various controversies. It is equally important for her role in decision-making to be debated in Parliament, in the media and elsewhere. She should herself welcome a greater public focus on her role and influence in decision-making.

B. Raman is Additional Secretary (retd), Cabinet Secretariat, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and, presently, Director, Institute For Topical Studies, Chennai.

http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?270742

Sonia Gandhi: Sphinx who would be Pharaoh
by Sandhya Jain on 06 Aug 2011 48 Comments


In a move reminiscent of former Pakistan Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’s startling decision to will her political party, including its workers and presumably also its voters and supporters, to her eldest son, Bilawal, the Congress president Sonia Gandhi secretly flew off to the United States for medical treatment, leaving behind a demi-testament bestowing the de facto leadership of the party on her only son, Rahul, though formally embedded among three family regents.

Given the thinly veiled nature of Sonia’s conflict with Prime Minister Manmohan Singh over his refusal to step down and make way for her chosen heir after the victory of May 2009, it is safe to assume that the Signora now expects party loyalists to cluster around her charmless prince-ling and ensure him a say in government as well. Political compulsions have forced discretion regarding the chairmanship of the UPA parliamentary party, and her personal vanguard, the National Advisory Committee (whose members will doubtless be feeling orphaned already).

The composition of the committee that is now to preside over the Congress and its interaction with government reveals everything about Sonia Gandhi’s intent, mindset and style of functioning. It is an open affront to the Prime Minister and his senior cabinet colleagues (particularly to all purpose trouble shooter Pranab Mukherjee), to all senior Congress leaders with vote catching abilities, and to the party and nation. As such, it is virtually designed to undo the objective for which it has been formed, viz., install the Amethi MP as de facto leader of the party, and at an early date in the future, as head of the Government as well.

Even by the standards of the factional politics she played when she decided to keep the then Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao on tenterhooks throughout his tenure – which culminated in the party denying him a ticket to contest the next Parliamentary election, and then consigning him to oblivion – Sonia Gandhi’s designated committee is scandalously narrow. Worse, it is partisan against the Hindu community, a fact that would have been noted in the country as a whole.

Besides the non-Hindu Rahul Gandhi, who is obviously positioned as primus inter pares of the group, it comprises Defence Minister A.K. Anthony (supposedly for his clean image, but really because he is a Christian co-religionist and is therefore trusted more than other party veterans); her political secretary Ahmed Patel (a Muslim with no base in his home state of Gujarat, or indeed in any part of the country); and party organizing secretary Janardhan Dwivedi (a Patel acolyte and party spokesman with no base outside 24 Akbar Road).

Neither Rahul Gandhi, nor any among this group, is known for political sagacity, vision, and the ability to inspire the masses by winning votes, and thereby elections. Rahul Gandhi’s leadership qualities (sic) have already been tested in the waters of Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, and leave one speechless. His espousal of the farmers’ cause in Bhatta-Parsaul villages of UP was swiftly undone by revelations of State favours in land acquisition in Haryana for a Trust run by Sonia, Rahul, and Priyanka!

Yet Sonia Gandhi chose to shove aside all party veterans and trust such non-charismatic ‘nurses’ to propel Rahul Gandhi on a winning trajectory into the Prime Minister’s Office. Actually, the family miscalculated by refusing Dr Singh’s offer of a cabinet berth for Rahul in the recent cabinet reshuffle (though they would have been aware of Sonia’s ill-health by then), and now he is on a sticky wicket. Neither Dr Singh who sits in the Prime Minister’s chair, nor the seasoned Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee, who controls the Government’s purse strings, is going to forgive the calculated insult to their persons and their chairs.

Meanwhile, a number of questions arise about the secretive manner in which Sonia Gandhi went abroad for surgery on 2 August 2011. The excuse of excessive visitors disturbing patients in an Indian hospital is sheer arrogance; visitors do not get beyond the reception if one does not want them.

In January 2009 the Prime Minister underwent a well-publicized heart surgery at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar announced he was going to undergo jaw surgery for cancer some years ago. With India having some of the best oncologists in both private and public hospitals, the true reasons for Ms Gandhi opting to go abroad, and the nature of her illness, should be made known as soon as possible. Reports that she was operated upon at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center need to be confirmed or denied without further ado.

To begin with, there was simply too much secrecy. At first, on 31 July a small news item in a newspaper said Sonia was suffering from viral flu and would be back in Parliament on Thursday (4 August). That same day, Janardhan Dwivedi told reporters she had gone abroad the previous day and been operated upon successfully. When the timeline did not add up, this was amended and the operation placed in the future; then finally it was stated that the surgery was successful and that Sonia had left on 2 Aug.

More disturbing are the reports in the latest issue of India Today that the Gandhis habitually refuse to inform the Lok Sabha Secretariat about their foreign trips, though this is the established convention, even for personal visits. Thus, in June this year, Sonia Gandhi went to London and Italy. The same month, Rahul Gandhi celebrated his 41st birthday in London, and both reportedly went to Switzerland – where they reputedly did not visit the holiday district but the commercial centre of Zug, thereby setting tongues wagging amidst a nationwide furore over black money in Swiss banks.

When Dwivedi announced the formation of the uninspiring committee, observers were quick to notice the absence of Home Minister P Chidambaram and Rahul mentor-cum-general secretary Digvijay Singh. As Sonia does not seem to have had detailed discussions with the Prime Minister and senior cabinet colleagues about the status of her health and the issues pending before the government, political observers speculate that the UPA will have to postpone appointment of Governors in states with vacancies, and a decision on the Telangana issue. It remains to be seen, therefore, how long her ill-health can be allowed to paralyze the government.

Ra(h)ul (da) Vinci

Now that the Gandhi family has concertedly declared Rahul Gandhi as their official candidate for the leadership of the party and government, both of which they tend to regard as watan jagir, it would be appropriate for the nation to know everything it has a right to know about the Amethi MP cum wannabe PM.

To begin with – and the Prime Minister would do well to make the matter public without further delay – how and when did Rahul Gandhi acquire the identity of Raul Vinci?

As friendly journalists and newspapers were asked to acknowledge and dismiss the news that Rahul Gandhi has travelled abroad on a passport issued in the name of Raul Vinci, some questions deserve an answer: -

- Which Government issued the Raul Vinci passport? India or Italy?
- If it was Italy, does it also follow that Rahul Gandhi enjoys Italian citizenship by virtue of an old Roman law that bestows citizenship on the offspring of all children born to its native citizens? Note that Sonia Gandhi was an Italian citizen at the time her two children were born, and that the family has persistently refused to answer pertinent questions regarding their citizenship.
- The Government of India must now settle this issue in public – including the legality of the trio holding Indian passports, and contesting Indian elections.
- What are the names of the alleged parents of Raul Vinci in the fake passport and what is the place of residence given on that document? It should be made public on a Government website.
- Where is that passport now and how often and where has Rahul Gandhi travelled on it? All details should be made public on a Government website.

The specious plea that Rahul Gandhi assumed a false identity for security reasons will not wash: Benazir Bhutto’s son Bilawal studies abroad under his own name, as do the scions of other eminent families.

Then, Rahul Gandhi supposedly holds an M. Phil degree in Development Studies from Cambridge University, UK, though there is no information about when and where he completed graduate and post-graduate studies. To this day not a single person has surfaced anywhere in the world to say that Raul Vinci (his disguise) was his/her classmate at x y or z college.

Family acolyte and then Cambridge Master Amartya Sen defended the degree but refused to furnish details. Now, following revelations about the purchased Ph.D. degree of Saif Gaddafi, it seems that London routinely “takes care of” the academic credentials of political scions in the third world.

Raul Vinci is also supposed to have worked as financial consultant in London. No colleague has stepped forward to say where.

Yet this man wants to impose himself upon the nation as Prime Minister. He needs to be downsized.

And Sonia Gandhi, appropriately dubbed ‘the Sphinx’ for her dogged silence on all issues of public concern, would have realized that she was not born to be Pharaoh of India. This country is governed by the invisible ethos of Vikramaditya – the throne will move away when the utterly unworthy approach it.


The author is Editor, www.vijayvaani.com

Also see:
Robert Vadra: Proxy Tycoon? By Sandhya Jain, 19 March 2011
http://www.vijayvaani.com/FrmPublicDisplayArticle.aspx?id=1687
User Comments Post a Comment
A timely one Sandhyaji. //Yet this man wants to impose himself upon the nation as Prime Minister. He needs to be downsized.// Yes, say that again! He needs to be downsized. Your article on that fellow Robert Vadra was also timely. Mainstream media will never write about the facts of this dangerously scheming family. So, we must keep on hammering it. It is very clear that due to her serious nature of illness, she would certainly try to impose her worthless offspring on the nation. We must never allow that to happen. This is the right time to strike. And what a finish you have given! //This country is governed by the invisible ethos of Vikramaditya – the throne will move away when the utterly unworthy approach it.// Excellent.
B.R.Haran
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Accuarte Analysis. Thanks Sandya Ji. Like Sri Haran Ji, I liked your last line " This country is governed by the invisible ethos of Vikramaditya – the throne will move away when the utterly unworthy approach it". Desperately hope this is going to be true. Im really worried.
Pratap Mohanty
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
It is too much of a coincidence that Sonia Gandhi left India just about when a top Swedish university which worked with Wikileaks has revealed the names of Indians with black money abroad. Rajeev Gandhi's name is one of the names on top of this list. After his death Sonia Gandhi would be the legal beneficiary of this money. Do we know for certain that she is really ill or she merely flew out of the country when things were getting hot here?
R Divakar
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
This is divine retribution. Who would have thought that Sonia Gandhi would be put out of action so suddenly? Maybe her midnight assault on sleeping bhaktas of Baba Ramdev incensed our gods or maybe they have been incensed for a long time because of her anti-Hindu politics.
Nirmala Pandit
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Some cancers have foreign origin, and they can spread beyond geographical boundaries.
nagaraj
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Excellent ! Keep up the attack !
Vijaya
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
The CIA certainly knows WHERE Sonia Gandhi is and the treatment she is undergoing. This means the Russian and Chinese and other Western intelligence agencies also know, because they will not remain in the dark on this one. So, the ONLY people who are being denied information are the Indian people. Good idea if the lady flies back to Itaty and stays there. No one wants her here anyway. And they also have their foreign passports at the ready...
Murugan
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Obviously, Sonia thinks that India is not a democracy but a dynasty. In a democracy, the next in line of Congress should have been the person In-charge. But in a dynasty, children become In-charge as is the case of Rahul. India must be a dynasty.
Bunty
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Not even a dynasty. She is the Estate Holder. India is registered in her name and allowed by Cabinet Ministers and the whole Congress Party reinforced by State leaderships. There is no governance. India does not need one.

Raul Vinci cannot enter the US unless he goes straight to jail for possession of $160,000.00 in cash together with unaccounted amount of drugs at Boston Airport. It would be fun to see what happen if Sonia were to die in this country. The whole truth may come out.
B D Mishra
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Actually, we should send emails and call FBI to highlight this.

See if US does anything...
Gaurang
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Does this mean that India will now be governed from New York and Sheila Dikshit's fate will be decided from the ICU of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital? Now this is what I call a real remote control.
Radha Rajan
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
An excellent analysis of the 2 G's who are determined to hold India as their personal fiefdom.. Ms Sandhya Jain's radical insights and revelations into the nature of the power-politics compulsions that drive the corrupt congressmen need to be broadcast on wider platforms. Keep up the fire and the torch of truth burning brightly, Ms. Jain. People of Bharat will be beholden to you!
Bhagwat S. Goyal
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
India's polity , which remained mostly frozen during the British colonial rule .is stuck in late Moghul era based on dynasties and families.The flawed electoral system has only accentuated the caste and family system domination as shown even in last Bihar elections .If BJP has not produced dynasties it is the outcome of no worth while heirs ie of Atal and LK or of Gujarat Modi. /// SG is not PM because Sushma and Uma Bharti wanted to cut hair as widows do denied power after the death of husbands ( power in this case) BJP proved itself worse than Congress during its shining India reign and is unlikely to come into power any time soon
KGS
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Useless article..an article by someone who thinks she or he knows everything but actually knows nothing about politics...................
ravi menon
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
While these are internal matters of a family and the party owned by a single family,PM and the government belong to the nation.
This is the right time for PM and his cabinet colleagues to overthrow the yoke of this single family.They are all honourable men and women. Why should they put up with this arrangement?
Congress party has a national executive with Vice Presidents, General Secretaries and all.Are they not good enough to handle matters related to party? Why this gang of four?
Jitendra Desai
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Really, the author seems to take herself seriously. Stranger is the fact that what she wrote here finds takers. This is the kind of output a person regrets in his/ her more reasonable moments. One does not have to be a fan of the G's to see the absurdity of this article. Abysmal.
varghese
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Varghese your Christian slip is showing.
Nirmala Pandit
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Please make it compatible to share on Face Book,Twitter n all.
Raghunandan Sharma
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Maino proposes but Vadra will dispose. Let me give an accurate prediction of things that are bound to unfold post-Antonia. Vadra the highly ambitious and the fastest growing billionaire of Delhi whose father and siblings had a mysterious end will not tolerate Raul Roberto to become heir apparent and will ensure that mystery will continue. A renactment of Alagiri vs Stalinsibling rivalry will take place. But then Divinity will again intervene and this country will be ridden of the locusts forever. Moot point is wheter we can recover the 80% of Indian Black money stashed in foreign banks. I am astounded at the way Divine retribution takes place when the kingpins heads roll...
Venkat
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Very nice article Sandhya. High time that info that u asked about Rahul Baba's passport and citizenship be answered.
sanjeev nayyar
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Nirmala Pandit! Varghese is a known case. Ravi Menon seems to be a new case, probably a crypto. It is quite natural that both of them are worried about the Italian family becoming a "gone case".
Thamizh
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Dear Sandhya, Thanks a million for writing another incisive and brilliant article, this time on Sonia Gandhi (I call her "Hunterwali keeper of the congress circus). Pl accept my salute, though I no longer wear uniform. I also wish more punch to your facile pen and long life to you for serving the motherland. You are indeed a worthy daughter of a worthy father. Regards and my blessings.
Ram Kumar
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
It definitely beats one as to whether the Constitution of the Congress Party has no provision for such a situation - when the President of the Party is unable to function. Even a Lions or Rotary Club has one or more vice-presidents to take over the affairs of the Club, in such an eventuality. If Congress Consitution does not have such provisions, it is unfit to contest as a party, much less to rule the country. Or is Sonia so arrogant and the others are so powerless that such a slip-shod alternative arrangement is made ? Seniors like Pranab, MM Singh, PC etc. should hang their heads in shame.
S.Raguraman
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
A very relevant article but Ms Jain is off the mark at one point: Neither Dr Singh who sits in the Prime Minister’s chair, nor the seasoned Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee, who controls the Government’s purse strings, is going to forgive the calculated insult to their persons and their chairs.

I am sure that there was no need to overestimate the self esteem and spunk of these court jestors of 10 Janpath!

Personally I believe that even this surgery (better called Operation as in Op Vijay, Op Rhino etc of the army) is a hastily cooked excuse to remain out of trouble's way when Anna and the masses locks horns with MMS and his 'n' chors on 16 Aug 2011!
P M Ravindran
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
while i liked the general tone & tenor and also agreed with the facts presented in the case, i simply cannot accept her line that there is a 'thinly veiled' conflict between Manmohan Singh and Sonia Gandhi over the former's refusal to quit. you are giving the good old doctor credit for having a spine which he simply does not have. i don't have the slightest doubt that were Sonia to ask for his resignation, Manmohan would run - tail between his legs and pagdi in hand - with the resignation letter to 10, Janpath within seconds. my undestanding is the Signora realises that with 2G, CWG, black money and a host of other scams dogging the government, the time is not opprtune for the princeling to ascend the throne.
sandeep sahu
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
An otherwise reasonably good article was marred by the last sentence"the throne will move away when the utterly unworthy approach it." Did not the utterly unworthy Nehru sit in the PM's chair for 17 long years? Did not the utterly unworthy Indira Gandhi (alias Maimoona Begum) sit in the PM's chair for many years? Did not the utterly worthy Rajiv (alias Roberto) Gandhi sit in the PM's chair for some time? What makes Sandhya Jain so sure that neither Sonia Gandhi (alias Antonia Maino) nor Rahul Gandhi (alias Raul Vinci) will sit on the throne of New Delhi?
Indira Oorath
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Sandhyaji, Congratulations for the excellent article. A superb piece even by your own exalted stadnards. Full marks for the finishing line.
Virendra
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Dear Sandhya Ji Simply fantastic piece of poltical analysis. I hope every patriotic Indian reads this piece
Prabha
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Varki, what is wrong if Sandhya takes herself seriously? Is it strange that there are plenty of takers among true patriots for her article? (No wonder, sappers and miners of foreign powers do not like Sandhya Jain) I am sure Sandhya will never have to regret writing this article. Far from being absurd, this article is almost entirely logical. Great!
Indira Oorath
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
Thanks u very much for the article. After starting reading this article....I am not able to stop inbetween.

Thanks again for writing a great great article.
Ramana
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
The best thing I loved was the Title! - Sphinx who would be Pharaoh - Wow! Great!
Shyamala
August 06, 2011 Report Abuse
@Shyamala. Except that the Sphinx and the Pharaoh were noble beings who did not aspire to rule an alien nation by marrying the son of the ruler. This is typical Christian ploy. That's how these white christians ruined all ruling families in the Muslim world..
Suryakumar Tripathi
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
The author mistakenly thinks that Manmohan Singh and Pranab Mukherjee have some self-respect. Nothing could be farther from the truth. Manmohan knew from Day 1 that he is merely keeping the seat warm for Rahul Baba alias Raul Vinci. He has himself said that the Amul baby has all the qualities needed to be PM. No Congressman, down from the original M K Gandhi himself, has ever had an iota of self-respect. That is why it is so easy for foreigners to capture the party and lord it over us Hindus. The sphinx may not become pharoah but the sphinx's son will certainly become the pharoah. Those who hope this will not happen are living in a dream world. They just do not know how Gandhian, how evil the Congress is.
Indira Oorath
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
This seems to be sheer propaganda. Though trends such as 'Dynastic politics' should be criticized; the author has tried to see things through a 'communal eye'. A case in point being the author's reference to inclusion of AK Antony being linked to his christian parentage. The author is ignorant of the fact that AK Antony is an athiest. This happen when one has a prejudiced mind.
Kiran
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
Kiran, there are any number of Atheists among the so called Hindus, more in fact, than among minority faiths. So Anthony is there not for ability but for the extra loyalty that comes from faith. Believe, Christians, esp the elites, believe very much in faith loyalty angle, that is why they do conversions with such unflinching zeal. Also, all monotheistic faiths are inextricably tied to politics and political control, and hence the excess reliance upon faith when push comes to shove.
Narad Muni
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
Sonia does not trust Indian doctors and hospitals. She has plenty of money in Swiss bank and hence she can afford private medical treatment in the USA. I think the US government should make a rule that no dirty money should be spent in the USA. This is all the blood and sweat of poor Indian.
Sonia has no feeling for India or Indian, of course, this is not her country of birth and she can't understand the people. We need to have a leader who has played and grown on the soil of this country.
Sonia can defect to USA or Italy as she is really not welcome here because of the manner she has pursued the politics. She has turned this nicely maturing democracy into her own family affair by using the sentiments and emitions of the people.
Coming to Rahul, he is a fraud. He was caught with millions of cash in the USA. He is misleading the Indian people about his degrees and so on. He thinks he can fool us to become PM of this great Bharat. That will be the joke of this new century.
Let us fix ourselves on making the next PM from BJP or JD. Sure Modi or Nitish Kumar whould be the man. I think the traitors in Congress who are supporting this corrupt family need to be given a very strong lesson of their lifetime.
Sujeet
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
You must be joking if you think Sonia is spending her 'own' money, whatever that means. She is being fully funded by the Govt of India as an MP and cabinet rank holding chairperson NAC. Would be a good idea to file an RTI on the issue when she returns. Last year, did she go to US for her own diagnosis and treatment, when she pretended that her mother was ill? All should now come out
Narayani
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
The entire trip to USA is shrouded in secrecy, which is typical of the ways of Sonia even with regard to political affairs. Now, this is a fertile field for all types of speculation. One rumour doing rounds is that Sonia is suffering from cervical cancer. Incidentally, the US hospital seems to be for cancer patients. If Sonia is really suffering from terminal disease, I think she has to terminate serious political involvement. Does not the country have a right to know its destiny? Why the congress chaps are hiding behind masks even when they know what it means to the country. Maybe they are afraid that the country will regain its rightful path if the cat is out of the bag.
rskumar
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
>>>"This country is governed by the invisible ethos of Vikramaditya"<<< ___ The PM's ethos are invisible too. Those who believe in governance by invisible ethos needs to do reality check.
x
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
I am not a fan (or enemy) of the G parivar, my objection to the writ- up is because in parts it reads like the outlandish theories and claims of Dr Subramanian Swamy, especially the Raul Vinci part. The author has to give something more dependable than speculative strawmen and attacks on them, if she is to be taken seriously. For example, I loved her article on the historical background of Padmanabhaswamy temple.
varghese
August 07, 2011 Report Abuse
N RAM and his new Editor and the chamchas at Centre for the Study of Developing Societies have emerged as the VANGUARD OF THE POLITICAL ELITE - Marx must be turning in his grave - and are shamelessly plugging for Rahul as Popular Choice for PM!!! See
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/article2334143.ece?homepage=true

Give us a break Ram. Unless you are calling for a Mid Term Poll led by Rahul, you can't plug a coup against the elected Prime Minister like this. For shame. Shame. Shame
Radhika
August 08, 2011 Report Abuse
This is is a fact with evidence that after J.L.Nehru no one from this Nehru-Gandhi family has graduated.
Rajiv had joined Cambridge University but left without degree because he could not.
Sonia claims to have studied at C.U. but it is a lie.
Rahul joined C.U. for six months but failed in one subject out of four
FOR FURTHER details log on
www.janataparty.org
DR.S.H.SHARMA
August 08, 2011 Report Abuse
Mrs. Sonia Maino is in New York Hospital. Obviouly she is suffering from the cause no one want to suffer with. It seems that India is about to win her freedom from Gandhi Family, a family which has given Serpant Grip to the nation!
Raju
August 08, 2011 Report Abuse
We all hope that she comes back to India in good health so that she can continue her good work to safe guard the minorities and helps progress the country in right direction.
aconcernedindian
August 09, 2011 Report Abuse
Manishankar Iyer rightly pointed out that congress is a circus tent in which the main ringmaster is imported ---girl Sonia Maino and no doubt that all the Cabinet Ministers are circus buffoons including the once upon a time honest PM. Their only duty is to dress and dance according to the tune of ringmaster. Now thye want to add a new event by introducing number one idiot, ---- ------ Ra-ul Vinci in the PM chair. It is Indians fate to watch all the tamasha as long as the congress seculars hide under the alien lady's gown.
vedamgopal
August 09, 2011 Report Abuse
"Aconcernedindian" has let the cat out of the bag. Sonia Gandhi (alias Antonia Maino) exists only to "safeguard" (read promote) the interests of the "minorities" (read anti-Hindus). "Progress of the country in the right direction" means conversion of Hindus to a cruel and spectaculuarly intolerant desert religion.
Let us Hindu patriots all pray that the wretched Italian returns to Delhi (or to Italy) only in a coffin.
Indira Oorath
August 09, 2011 Report Abuse
A superb article of real information. But unfortunately in our country the one who votes does not know the value of vote and those who know it do not vote. In fact all those so called hi-fi people take pride in saying that they never voted. The result one can see with all spineless and characterless people at the helm of affairs of the country. So Indira Oorath is absolutely right in her comment on 06 Aug 2011. Unless at least handful of worthy people in politics come out of these petty vote-catching-tactics irrespective of their political affiliations and strongly stand behind persons like Dr Subramanya Swamy, the throne will be available to these sons of foreign soil. The anti-Hindu attitude of these pharoahs is a well known fact which has allowed late YSR to loot the National Wealth unchecked. Thanks to the activism of a couple of leaders the whole thing is being digged out.
So let us appeal to those people like Subramanya Swamys, Sankarraos, Errannayudus to unearth these ghastly truths so that the country is saved from the so called Pharoahs and the political bandicoots. Also let us appeal to all to come out of the shackles of the pseudo secularism strongly being professed by these pharoahs to save the rich culture and heritage of Hinduism. JAI HIND!
Commander S Krishna Kumar (Retd)
August 19, 2011 Report Abuse
What sort of writing all this. Is there any basis. Every line is a guess work. And then appreciations by readers for cooking up a story.
If any one objects this sort of rumor mongering, call him Congress man!
All this from educated men.
I am sure Congress failed in imparting right education in our country.
sridhara
September 03, 2011
http://www.vijayvaani.com/ArticleDisplay.aspx?aid=1909

Sonia, the Sphinx, turns 66

Sonia Gandhi, recognized as one of the most powerful women in the world today, turns 66 on Friday. Almost 15 years into the rough and tumble of politics, she continues to be an inward-looking and publicity-shy politician, a very unlike-Indian characteristic.

Variously described as ‘sphinx’ and ‘inscrutable’, Sonia has had an eventful life that has seen it all.

The quintessential housewife reluctantly agreed to join politics in 1997; in 1998, she was elected as the leader of the Congress. Since then, Sonia Gandhi has been the President of the Indian National Congress Party. She has served as the Chairperson of the ruling United Progressive Alliance in the Lok Sabha since 2004.

In September 2010, on being re-elected for the fourth time, she became the longest serving president in the 125-year history of the Congress party. Although Sonia is actually the fifth foreign-born person to be leader of the Congress Party, she is the first since independence in 1947.

Her halting English and awkward Hindi notwithstanding, Sonia is now seen by the people of this country as full-blooded Indian, in whose hands the nation’s cultural diversity is safe. This, despite her lack of thorough grounding in grass-root Indian political realities and the continued stigma of her being a ‘foreigner’. Read her full story in the following pages.

http://apnewslive.com/sonia-the-sphinx-turns-66/

N. Korea moving toward nuke missile -- Pentagon report (Full text)

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(Photo: Korean Central News Agency via KNS/AFP/Getty Images)
http://www.scribd.com/doc/139125153/Pentagon-North-Korea-Report

Pentagon North Korea Report



Pentagon report: N. Korea moving toward nuke missile

Robert Burns, Associated Press4:18 p.m. EDT May 2, 2013

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Pentagon says North Korea appears headed toward its announced goal, which is to be able to strike the U.S. with a nuclear-armed missile.

In a report to Congress Thursday, the Pentagon made no estimate of when North Korea might achieve that capability. It said the North will move closer to its goal if it continues investing in the testing of nuclear and missile technologies.

The report says the North's work on a space-launch vehicle has contributed heavily to its effort to build a missile capable of delivering a warhead to U.S. targets. That work was highlighted by the launch of a satellite into space last December.

But it adds that the North has yet to test a re-entry vehicle, without which it cannot deliver a warhead to a target.

http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/05/02/pentagon-report-north-korea-nuclear-missile/2130401/

Sack P Chidambaram, FM for flouting the oath of office, following SC's strictures -- Dr. Subramanian Swamy

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May 3, 2013.
Statement of Dr. Subramanian Swamy,
President of the Janata Party.

I demand the immediate resignation of Mr. P. Chidambaram from the Cabinet for his reckless disregard and gross illegality tantamount to a serious breach of human rights of an Indian citizen who was on death row following an order of capital punishment.

M.N.Das, a death row convict, had filed a mercy petition which was forwarded it to the then President Dr. Abdul Kalam by the Home Minisry recommending for rejection. Dr. Kalam had overruled the recommendaton of the Home Ministry. Dr. Kalam directed the Home Ministry to commute the death sentence of Mr. Das.

The Home Ministry failed to act on the direction of the President which in itself is a gross breach of the constitutional obligation on the Home Minister who despite the file being put up but he failed to act. Thereafter in 2010 Mr. Chidambaram as Home Minister submitted without any reference to the previous Presidential Order, a fresh recommendation rejecting the mercy petition of Mr. Das to the new President Ms Pratibha Patil who upheld the recommendation and directed that Mr. Das be sent to the gallows immediately.

Thanks to the alert Supreme Court Bench headed by Justice G.S. Singhvi, this herrenduous fraud on the Constitution was set right. The Bench directed the death sentence of Mr. Das be commuted to life sentence on humanitarian grounds. Mr. Chidambaram has now no excuse whatsoever for the reckless disregard of the Constitution and the canons of human rights as well flouting of the oath of office he had taken in the name of God upon becoming the Minister. Hence he must resign immediately failing which the President must direct his sacking.

( SUBRAMANAN SWAMY )




GOVT HID PREZ KALAM’S OPINION TO DENY MERCY
Friday, 03 May 2013 | Abraham Thomas | New Delhi

The UPA Government had suppressed the then President APJ Abdul Kalam’s note that recommended the commutation of the death penalty of double murder convict MN Das, which led to his successor Pratibha Patil rejecting Das’ mercy petition.

This shocking fact was spotted by the Supreme Court, which said in its judgment commuting Das’ death sentence to life that Patil was kept in the dark about the view expressed by her predecessor and thus deprived of an opportunity to objectively consider the entire matter.

Patil had rejected the mercy petition of Das on May 8, 2011 in line with the recommendation of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) then headed by P Chidambaram. But Patil’s predecessor APJ Abdul Kalam on September 30, 2005 had already disposed of the mercy petition of Das in

his favour.

Kalam’s note said that “the conduct of the accused (Das) does not show trace of pre-meditated murder.” He asked the Centre to consider commuting the death sentence on the ground that “the crime can well be attributed to a gross lack of mental equanimity on his (Das) part.”

The Bench of Justices GS Singhvi and SJ Mukhopadhaya, after going through the entire communication between the MHA and the President Secretariat, was “intrigued” to find that MHA’s summary note of October 18, 2010 forwarded to President Patil was totally silent about the September 30, 2005 order and corresponding note by Kalam. “Why this was done has not been explained by the respondents (MHA),” the Bench noted. There was no material to show that President Kalam’s order was put up before President Patil for review.

The court formed the view that “omission to make a mention of the order passed by her predecessor and note dated September 30, 2005 from the summary prepared for her consideration leads to an inference that the President was kept in the dark about the view expressed by her predecessor…” This formed a relevant consideration for the court to state that “the President was not properly advised and assisted in the disposal of the petition filed by the appellant.”

The court said, “In the summary prepared by the Home Ministry for the President’s consideration, which was signed by the Home Minister on October 18, 2010, no reference was made to the order and note dated September 30, 2005 of the then President.”

Das had approached the apex court complaining of the 12-year delay in deciding his mercy petition. In this factual backdrop, the apex court stood convinced that 12-year delay was “sufficient for commutation of the sentence” and accordingly quashed the President’s decision rejecting his mercy plea.

The decision on Das may invite a clamour from similar death row convicts as well. The files made available to the apex court further revealed that along with Das, President Kalam had recommended the Centre to commute the death penalty to five others namely R Govindasamy, Piara Singh, Satnam Singh, Sarabjit Singh and Gurudev Singh.

http://www.dailypioneer.com/todays-newspaper/govt-hid-prez-kalams-opinion-to-deny-mercy.html

SC COMMUTES DEATH AFTER DELAY IN MERCY DECISION
Thursday, 02 May 2013 | PNS | New Delhi

Creating a distinction between a terrorist and a criminal, the Supreme Court on Wednesday commuted to life the death sentence of a double murder convict from Assam, Mahendra Nath Das, weeks after the court rejected a similar plea by Khalistan Liberation Force operator Devendar Pal Singh Bhullar.

The cases of Bhullar and Das were somewhat similar as their mercy petitions were rejected by the President after a delay of over eight years and 11 years respectively. Both appealed to the apex court that the inordinate delay in deciding on mercy petitions was inhuman and since a person on death row faced more agony and trauma, they sought commutation of their death sentence to life. Bhullar failed to convince the court.

The same bench of Justices GS Singhvi and SJ Mukhopadhaya on Wednesday departed from this reasoning and gave life to Das.

The reason for carving out such a distinction was not known since the judgment was not uploaded till late on Wednesday. However, in the Bhullar case the bench expounded the theory that terrorists deserved no mercy. Applying this logic, Das being a murderer possibly earned the mercy of the court as against the terrorist Bhullar.

In its earlier judgment of April 12, the bench had noted: "Such cases (of terrorism) stand on an altogether different plane and cannot be compared with murders committed due

to personal animosity or over property and personal disputes."

The position of India being a target of terror from both within and outside the country led the bench to take a strong view against terrorists seeking reprieve on ground of delay

The court was also critical of the various organisations and individuals who espoused Bhullar's cause in the name of defending human rights. The court found it paradoxical that Bhullar sought mercy from it whereas he showed no mercy while planting a bomb in Delhi on September 10, 1993 that claimed nine lives.

Das was accused of decapitating a man while on bail in another murder case. His conviction and death sentence was confirmed by the Gauhati High Court and later by the Supreme Court on May 14, 1999.

He filed mercy petitions before the Assam Governor and the President of India for clemency. While the Governor acted swiftly by dismissing his petition on April 7, 2000 the President dismissed it only on May 8, 2011.

On account of the long delay in execution of his death sentence, Das approached the Gauhati High Court to commute his capital punishment to life term. His request was rejected on January 30, 2012 following which he had approached the apex court.

http://www.dailypioneer.com/todays-newspaper/sc-commutes-death-after--delay-in-mercy-decision.html

Raashtram - spiritual-ethical concept of nationhood -- Ram Madhav

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Raashtram - spiritual-ethical concept of nationhood

Paper Presented at 2nd ASSE International Conference on Nation, Nationality, Nationhood: What is in the Name?
On 2–3 May 2013 at Tirana, Albania
by:
Ram Madhav Varanasi, MA (Pol. Science), Director, India Foundation, New Delhi, India

ABSTRACT

Nation, nationalism and nationhood are relatively new concepts as far as the West is concerned. It was in the 18th and 19th centuries that the discourse on what constitutes nation had really gained currency and momentum. However, even at the turn of 21st century no single definition for nation and nationality could be agreed upon.

Joseph Stalin in hiswork ‘Marxism and the National Problem’ described nationa as a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, and psychological make-up manifested in a common culture. Many Marxist historians like Eric Hobsawm argued that nationalism defies any definition. Benedict Anderson viewed nations as imagined communities.

Paul Gilbert, in his work The Philosophy of Nationalism, describes seven categories of nations – Nominalist, Naturalist, Voluntarist, Territorial, Linguistic, Axiological, Destinarian. Cultural dimension to nation discourse was added recently by scholars like Samuel Huntington, Lawrence E. Harrison etc.

In India, the concept of nation existed for millennia in the form of a pan-Indian spiritual-emotional identity. In Rig Veda, the most ancient work of Hindu seers, the word ‘Raashtram’ was used to describe the national identity of the people of the land called Bharatavarsha. ‘Raashtram’ is a uniquely Indian concept for nationhood founded essentially on the spiritual foundations. Thus ‘Raashtram’ as an idea is a unifying and development-oriented (Abhyudayam) concept as against today’s concept of nation which has been a major source of political conflict and violence throughout last three centuries.

This paper explores the epistemology of the word ‘Raashtram’ and determines how it has acted as a catalyst for the gradual evolution of the Indian national identity over millennia. This spiritual-emotional identity of ‘Raashtram’ is the principal unifying factor of Indian nation through the centuries. It is this identity that was invoked by the Indian freedom fighters of all hues – from the revolutionaries to the Gandians alike – in their efforts to rouse the Indian nation against the foreign yoke of the British in 19th and 20th centuries.

A profound understanding of this concept helps in evolving new theories and concepts of nationhood that are based on universal ethical and spiritual principles. Such understanding of the concept of nation in the light of the idea of ‘Raashtram’ will help forge a world free of sectarian nationalist conflict and misery.

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FULL PAPER:

Nation, Nationalism and Nationality are essentially European ideas which evolved in the 18th & 19th centuries. Emergence of Nation States in Europe and their expansion into America was the first catalyst for the discourse on the concept of Nationhood in the West. This discourse is still on, and no one definition or explanation can fully and comprehensively explain this concept.


Nation-states: A History of Just Two Centuries

One of the main reasons for this lack of clarity is the relatively recent exposure of the world to this concept. Nation States came into existence hardly two centuries ago in Europe. "The concept of nation-states, i.e. that the aspirations of the people that constitute a nation are best served by a common political entity is considered a relatively recent idea in Europe from the 18th century. Nationalism led to the formation of nation-states and modern countries. This development was followed up with a gradual hardening of state boundaries with the passport and visa regime that followed it", says Sankrant Sanu in an enlightening article "Why India Is a Nation".

Many European nations that we see today didn't exist 200 years ago or 300 years ago. We heard of monarchs and royals earlier, but the Nation States that we see today came into being much later. Their boundaries too kept changing in the last two centuries. Two World Wars witnessed great changes in the geography of many of these Nation States and the disputes about their boundaries and their very existence are contested by many groups to this day. Take the case of the Scots in the UK or the Flemish in Belgium or the Kurds in Turkey... they all challenge the Nation State they live in and say they are a different Nation.

History of the United Kingdom in last two hundred years itself is a testimony to the upheavals that the concept of Nation State has endured. England, Scotland and Wales got together in 1702 to form what is called the Great Britain. Even then they retained different laws and held on to separate National Churches. Scotland had a Presbyterian Church for a very long time to which many of its citizens adhere to. It is in a way the national Church of Scotland and is known as Kirk in that country. It is essentially a Protestant Church. The British continue to have the Anglican Christianity as their State Religion. Although an Anglican Church, the Church of Wales has its own Arch Bishop who is independent of the Anglican Establishment of England.

Using political, military and religious power Great Britain abolished the Irish Parliament and annexed Ireland in 1801. Thus what we today call as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland emerged. However the Catholic majority never accepted this arrangement and a long, often bloody, struggle followed, which culminated in the collapse of the arrangement of the United Kingdom. Catholic majority areas of South Ireland seceded from the UK to emerge again as the Republic of Ireland, although the Anglican Church ensured that its followers, who have by then become a dominant group in Northern Ireland, continue their allegiance to the United Kingdom. Thus the Nation State of UK that we see today can boast not even a century's history.

Even American history also tells the same story. The Anglo Saxon aggressors, who sailed to the shores of the east Coast of America and anchored near Boston were hardly in control of less than 10% of geographical entity of what is today called the United States of America at the advent of the 18th Century.

At the time of the great American Revolution in 1776 when the 13 British Colonies came under one umbrella led by Thomas Jefferson and declared independence from the British Parliament's control, their geographical area was limited to the area covering the States on today's East Coast of the USA. Texas and California joined in 1845 after the Mexican War and Hawaii became a State in 1900. Seen from this historical background the United States of America as a Nation State is not more than two centuries old.

Also important to note here is the discourse as to whether the Nation State called the USA has really become a nation or not. The Second Continental Congress had declared independence in July 1776 and adopted the United States Declaration of Independence drafted by Thomas Jefferson. The American Revolution was the result of a series of social, political, and intellectual transformations in American society, government and ways of thinking. Americans rejected the aristocracies that dominated Europe at the time, championing instead the development of republicanism based on the Enlightenment understanding of liberalism. In 1788 the new American Constitution was adopted. The Bill of Rights, the most important part of the US Constitution was adopted in 1891. It is this Bill of Rights that keeps the diverse American peoples as one. However skeptics like Samuel Huntington questioned this very feeble foundation of American identity. In his important work 'Who Are We' Huntington raises the crucial question as to whether the United States of America had really become one nation. His answer was in the negative although his thesis was about creating one national identity for entire America which he described as 'Protestant Ethic without Organised Church'.

The Nation States in Africa were a creation of the Colonists. During 1884 - 1885, European nations met at the Berlin West Africa Conference to discuss the partitioning of Africa. It was agreed that European claims to parts of Africa would only be recognised if Europeans provided effective occupation. In a series of treaties in 1890–1891, colonial boundaries were completely drawn. All of sub saharan Africa was claimed by European powers, except for Ethiopia (Abyssinia) and Liberia. Germans too were major players in this game at that time. But what is most important to note here is the fact that not a single representative of the African people was involved when the Colonial masters were redrawing the boundaries and creating the Nation States in Africa.

There are a few countries that can claim much longer history. For example countries in South America like Mexico and countries in Eurasia like Egypt, Turkey etc. But here again the Nation States of all these countries are of very recent origin and had nothing to do with their ancient past. The Aztec culture that was prevalent in Mexico before the Spanish Conquest has remained only as a museum item and mark of pride while the present day has become Hispanic in language, religion and culture. Same is the case with countries like Egypt and Turkey etc. The ancient kingdoms of Mesopotamia, Egypt etc had lost all their traces in the modern Nation States of Egypt, Italy, Turkey etc.

All this points to the fact that the global understanding of the concept of Nation, Nationhood etc is based on models that are short-lived and shifting their bases constantly. Yet, based on the experience of last two centuries various scholars have tried to develop theories for Nation and Nationalism. Ethnicity, language, kinship, culture, territory and several other factors have been enumerated as the basis for Nationalism. All this has ended in definitional confusion with regard to Nation and Nationality.


What is the European concept of Nation and Nationhood?

Despite these definitional worries, there was a fair amount of agreement among the modern western scholars about what is historically the most typical, paradigmatic form of nationalism. It is the one which features the supremacy of the nation's claims over other claims to individual allegiance, and which features full sovereignty as the persistent aim of its political program. Territorial sovereignty has traditionally been seen as a defining element of state power, and essential for nationhood. It was extolled in classic modern works by Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau.

The territorial state as political unit is seen by nationalists as centrally ‘belonging’ to one ethnic-cultural group, and actively charged with protecting and promulgating its traditions. This form is exemplified by the classical, “revivalist” nationalism, that was most prominent in the 19th century in Europe and Latin America.

In other words, a nation is any group of people aspiring to a common political state-like organization.

Some scholars have added cultural dimension to the definition. Michel Seymour in his proposal of a “socio-cultural definition” states that nation is a cultural group, possibly but not necessarily united by a common descent, endowed with civic ties (Seymour 2000). By this definition, nation became a somewhat mixed category, both ethno-cultural and civic, but still closer to the purely ethno-cultural than to the purely civic extreme.

Definitional variations abound. The early German elaborations talk about “the spirit of a people”, while somewhat later ones, mainly of French extraction, talk about “collective mentality”. Isaiah Berlin, writing as late as the early seventies, proposed as a part of his definition of nationalism that it consists of the conviction that people belong to a particular human group, and that “…the characters of the individuals who compose the group are shaped by, and cannot be understood apart from, those of the group …”.

Classical nationalism of the western origin is the political program that sees the creation and maintenance of a fully sovereign state owned by a given ethno-national group (“people” or “nation”) as a primary duty of each member of the group.

There are some scholars who believed that the concept of Nation itself is artificial and imagined. Ernst Gellner observes that nationalism is an ‘invention’ or fabrication, “Nationalism is not the awakening of nations to self-consciousness, it invents nation where they do not exist”. Benedict Anderson claims that nations are imagined communities.

Some modern day critics like Prof. Balagangadhara have argued that the European concept of Nation State has its origins in Christianity itself. They cite the story in Genesis of the Old Testament. According to the Old Testament there is a narrative of the City of Babel in Genesis 11:1-9. Everyone on earth spoke the same language. As people migrated from the east, they settled in the land of Shinar. People there sought to make bricks and build a city and a tower with its top in the sky, to make a name for themselves, so that they not be scattered over the world. God came down to look at the city and tower, and remarked that as one people with one language, nothing that they sought would be out of their reach. God went down and confounded their speech, so that they could not understand each other, and scattered them over the face of the earth, and they stopped building the city. Thus the city was called Babel.

Ethno-Political or Ethno-Cultural form of Nationalism has led to the creation of a large number of Nation States in the 18th and 19th Centuries. It might have benefitted some, like the Israelis, the Belgians etc and continues to be seen as beneficial by groups like the Scots in UK, the Flemish in Belgium, the Kurds in Turkey and Iran and the Tamils in Sri Lanka. But it essentially is based on divisive and superiority sentiments.




Nation-states Alien to Indian Thought

Influenced by the Euro-centric discourse on Nation and Nationalism some Indian and British scholars have tried to apply the same Nation State concept to India as well. The British, who ruled over India for more than two centuries, were in the forefront arguing that India was never a Nation in th European sense of the term. Sir John Strachey, a Member in the Council of Secretary of State of the British Government wrote in 1888 : “This is the first and the most essential thing to learn about India that there is not and never was an India or even any country of India possessing, according to European ideas, any sort of unity, physical, political, social or religious. No Indian nation, no people of India’ of which we hear so much.” As late as 1930, the Simon Commission referred to India as a “conglomeration of races and religions.”

This Anglicised discourse on India's nationhood was taken forward by some Indian scholars also besides the European ones. Surendranath Benarjee authored a book titled "A Nation in the Making" describing India as a Nation that is slowly being built on the lines of the European Nation State model.

However, the European concept of Nation is alien to Indian thought. "The concept of nation itself is, in fact, alien to the Hindu temperament and genius. It is essentially Semitic in character, even if it arose in Western Europe in the eighteenth century when it had successfully shaken off the Church's stranglehold. For, like Christianity and Islam, it too emphasizes the exclusion of those who do not belong to the charmed circle (territorial, or linguistic, or ethnic) as much as it emphasizes the inclusion of those who fall within the circle. Indeed, the former, like the heretics and pagans in Christianity and Islam, are cast into outer darkness", writes eminent Indian author Girilal Jain.

Robindranatath Tagore too was critical of the West contrasting it with the Indian thought: "The civilisation of Ancient Greece was nurtured in the city walls. In fact, all the modern civilisations have their cradles of brick and mortar. The walls leave their mark deep in the minds of men. Thus in Indiait was in the forests that our civilisation had its birth, and it took a distinct character from this origin and environment. It was surrounded by the vast life of nature and had the closest and most constant intercourse with her varying aspects. Her aim was not to acquire but to realise, to enlarge her consciousness by growing into her surroundings. The West seems to take pride in thinking that it is subduing nature as if we are living in a hostile world where we have to wrest everything we want from an unwilling and alien arrangement of things. This sentiment is the product of the city wall habit and training of mind. But in India the point of view was different; it included the world with the man as one great truth.India put all her emphasis on the harmony that exists between the individual and the universal. The fundamental unity of creation was not simply a philosophical speculation for India; it was her life object to realise this great harmony in feeling and action".

In fact a land of such extreme diversity in language, religions, rituals and customs is a nightmare for and scholar to explain in terms of the modern Nation State concept. That leads us to the question of what is the identity of India if not a Nation in the European sense?

Rishi Aurobindo, one of the greatest saint-philosophers of 20th Century described Indian approach to Nationalism is the following words: "In Positivism Europe has attempted to arrive at a higher synthesis, the synthesis of humanity; and Socialism and philosophical Anarchism, the Anarchism of Tolstoy and Spencer, have even envisaged the application of the higher intellectual synthesis to life. In India we do not recognise the nation as the highest synthesis to which we can rise. There is a higher synthesis, humanity; beyond that there is a still higher synthesis, this living, suffering, aspiring world of creatures, the synthesis of Buddhism; there is a highest of all, the synthesis of God, and that is the Hindu synthesis, the synthesis of Vedanta. With us today Nationalism is our immediate practical faith and gospel not because it is the highest possible synthesis, but because it must be realised in life if we are to have the chance of realising the others. We must live as a nation before we can live in humanity."

Sri Aurobindo rejected the theory that the essential conditions of nationality are unity of language, unity of religion and life, and unity of race. He pointed out that the English nation itself was built out of various races, that Switzerland has distinct racial strains speaking three different languages and professing different religions, that in America the candidates for White House addressed at that time the nation in fourteen languages, that Austria is a congeries of races and languages and that the divisions in Russia are hardly less acute. He argued that the idea that unity in race, religion or language is essential to nationality is an idea which will not bear examination. He referred to the example of the Roman Empire, which created a common language, a common religion and life, and tried its best to crush out racial diversities under the weight of its uniform system, but it failed to make one great nation. In an illuminating passage, Sri Aurobindo defined the essential elements of nationality. He wrote:

“We answer that there are certain essential conditions, geographical unity, a common past, a powerful common interest impelling towards unity and certain favourable ‘political conditions which enable the impulse to realize itself in an organized government expressing the nationality and perpetuating its single and united existence. This may be provided by a part of the nation, a race or community, uniting the others under its leadership or domination, or by a united resistance to a common pressure from outside or within. A common enthusiasm coalescing with a common interest is the most powerful fosterer of nationality."


Rashtram: The Enlightened Path

"Common enthusiasm coalescing with a common interest" as basis of nationhood has been realised in India for Millennia. This is described aptly from the Vedic period as "Rashtram" or "Rashtra".

Rastram is etymologically explained as a firm, enlightened path for welfare of a community. The word is derived as a combination of two roots: ras'mi 'the sun' and sTha 'firm, placed in'. This leads to an extraordinary evocation in the Vedas: rastram me datta (Give me that lighted path).

In India, the concept of nation existed for millennia in the form of a pan-Indian spiritual-emotional identity. In Rig Veda, the most ancient work of Hindu seers, the word ‘Rashtram’ was used to describe the national identity of the people of the land called Bharatavarsha. ‘Rashtram’ is a uniquely Indian concept for nationhood founded essentially on the spiritual foundations. Thus ‘Rashtram’ as an idea is a unifying and development-oriented (Abhyudayam) concept as against today’s concept of nation, in which the basic urge to live together is not developed, and which has been a major source of political conflict and violence throughout last three centuries.


Rashtram – The Divine Mother

Rashtram has been invested with divinity and motherhood in the Vedas. Vak, one of the innumerable women composers of the hymns in Vedas says in the Pratham Mandala of Rig Veda:

Aham Rashtri Sangamani Vasunam Chikitushi Prathama Yagyiyanam – Rig Veda

I am the beholder of this Rashtra; benefactor of the gods; and first among the worshipped.

Thus an effort was made to infuse the sense of divinity, sacredness and motherhood in Rashtram from the times of Rig Veda. Most important aspect to note is that from time immemorial women were held in very high esteem in India and this hymn is the in a sense the originator of the concept of Bharat Mata – the Motherland Bharat. Rishi Aurobindo described her as Jagajjanani – the mother of all mothers – the Universal Mother.

In the foreword to R.K. Mookerjee’s The Fundamental Unity of India, late Sir J. Ramsay MacDonald, ex-Prime Minister of Britain writes: “The Hindu regards India not only as a political unit naturally the subject of one sovereignty – whoever holds that sovereignty, whether British, Mohamedan, or Hindu – but as the outward embodiment, as the temple – nay, even as the goddess mother – of his spiritual culture… He made India the symbol of his culture; he filled it with this soul. In his consciousness, it was his greater self.”


Evolution of Rashtra

In Bharat there was evolution of Rashtra. The underlying concept was different. It is not similar to the theory of Nation in the West. There is a beautiful shloka in Atharva Veda which says:

Bhadram icchhantah rishiyah
swar vidayah, tapo dikshaamupanshed agre.
tato raashtram, bala, ojasya jaatam
tadasmai devaupasannmantu

It means that a bhadra icchha - a benign wish originated in the minds of ancient seers during the course of their penance. This benign wish was for Abhyudayam - the welfare and glory of all. This is not divisive and is not guided by the desire that I should get all pleasures. These rishis – sages were supremely learned and it was their benevolent wish.

Abhyudayam is material and spiritual wellbeing of the mankind. The above shloka mentions that the sages, through their penance and meditation, have realised this benign wish of the universal wellbeing and that wish has invigorated the consciousness of the Rashtram. The sages says that even gods bow before such consciousness of Rashtra. Now what is Rashtra here? This is not political but it is spiritual. This is for the welfare of all.

But the most important question is how to explain bhadra icchha (benign wish)? The entire philosophy of Rashtra emanates from this bhadra icchha (benign wish). A doctrine of Dharma was developed on the basis of this bhadra icchha.

Sage Kaṇāda in Vaiśeṣika Sūtra notes a definition of Dharma by its beneficial impact, focusing on discharge of one’s responsibility:

Yatobhyudaya nisreyasa siddhihi ca dharmah

"That which leads to the attainment of Abhyudaya (prosperity in this world) and Nihśreyasa (total cessation of pain and attainment of eternal bliss hereafter) is Dharma". The Bhadra Icchha – Benign Wish of the sages was to secure this two-fold objective.

It is this Dharma which is the soul of the Rashtra. Swami Vivekananda described India as 'Dharma Praana Bhaarata' - 'Bharat with Dharma as soul'. This concept of National Soul is unique to India and that soul is 'Rashtra' - the quintessential national identity of India. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya called it 'Chiti'. The first Prime Minister of India, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, despite his Western upbringing and Socialist convictions, had to appeal to this concept of the National Soul in his famous Tryst with Destiny address to the Indian Parliament on the midnight of 14/15 August 1947 when India became independent. He said:

"Long years ago we made a tryst with destiny, and now the time comes when we shall redeem our pledge, not wholly or in full measure, but very substantially. At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new, when an age ends, and when the soul of a nation, long suppressed, finds utterance.

It is fitting that at this solemn moment we take the pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity.

At the dawn of history India started on her unending quest, and trackless centuries are filled with her striving and the grandeur of her success and her failures. Through good and ill fortune alike she has never lost sight of that quest or forgotten the ideals which gave her strength. We end today a period of ill fortune and India discovers herself again."

The ideals that Nehru referred to as those that had given her strength were the ideals of Dharma. Dharma can be understood a set of values that define the ethical, spiritual life of India as a Rashtra. They include its outlook to life, creation, universe, god, state, wealth and everything else. It is these ideals on which the Indian nationhood - Rashtriyata - was founded and thrived. It is these ideals India 'never lost sight of' in her long journey through victories and vicissitudes.

Some of the fundamentals of Dharma can be enumerated briefly in order to underscore the difference between the concept of 'Rashtram' and 'Nation'.

On the question of Creation it believes:

* Isavasyam idam sarvam (Chapter 4: The Isavasya Upanishad).
The entire universe, animate and inanimate alike, is pervaded by Isvara - the divine consciousness.

On the question of ethnic, racial, linguistic and other difference in the world it proposes:

* Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
The entire world is one family.

On the economic question it talks about 'sustained consumption':

* tena tyaktena bhunjitah
One should acquire only that much which was left for him by Isvara

On the welfare question, it states:

* sarve bhavantu sukinah - sarve santu niramayah
Let ALL be happy and free from diseases

On the environment related questions, its proposition is:

* Mata bhumi putro'ham prithvyah (Atharva Veda 12|1|12)
This earth is my mother and I am her son.

On the question of religious diversity in the world, it proposes:

Indram mitram varunnamagnimaahutathoe divyah sa suparnoe garutmaan |
Ekam Sadvipraa bahudhaa Vadanti maatarisvaanamaahuh - Rig Veda
Truth is one; wise men interpret in different ways.

It has attained ultimate levels of tolerance, accommodation and celebration of pluralism on the earth.
nana vibrati bahudha vivacasam
nana dharmanam prithivi yathaukasam
sahasra dhara dravitasya ye duham
dhruvena dhamurenk pasphuranti

‘The earth is full of variety; it contains people speaking different dialects and speech, of diverse religious customs, each living according to what they think is right. The earth contains innumerable valuable things. It bears trees and plants of great diversity. We should pay homage to that Earth’.


Entire World is One Rashtram

However, one important dimension needs to be understood here. 'Rashtra' is not a political concept in the sense that it doesn't define any geographical boundaries. It is more an ethical, spiritual concept - a view and way of life. The sages of India concluded that this whole earth surrounded by oceans is one Rashtra

prithivyah samudra parayantaayah eak raat iti

Therefore the idea and concept of Rashtra is a philosophy here. It is a way of life and principles to live life which define relationship and expected behavior between people and other beings.


State under Rashtram

What is State under 'Rashtram'?. We need to look at this crucial question in order to understand the concept of 'Rashtram' fully. Contrary to Nation State concept Rashtram views State as one of the many institutions that help society pursue the path of Dharma. State, described as Rajya, is thus not coterminous with Rashtra.

The Aitereya Brahmana, one of the ancient scriptures of India describes 10 kinds of Rajyas under one Rashtra:

sAmrajyam. bhaujyam. svArajyam. vairajyam.
pArameShThyam. rajyam. MahArajyam Adhipatyamayam.
samantaparyAyI syAt. sArvabhauma sArvAyuSha AntAdAparArdhAt.
pR^ithivai

Chanakya, the great Indian political philosopher, states that Rajah - the King - is a servant of Dharma. Unlike in Nation States the Rajah enjoys no special privileges whatsoever. He is mandated to live like a commoner. The happiness of the Rajah lies in the happiness of his subjects. Even his powers as ruler are subject to the scrutiny of the Dharma. When a Rajah is coronated he would declare thrice - Adandyosmi - Nobody can punish me. A revered sage is then made to pronounce thrice - Dharmadandyosi - The Dharma will punish you.


Millinnia-old Experience of India as Rashtram

In India, this kind of Rashtra existed for Millennia as an ethical and spiritual idea pervading the entire national life of Hindus. There existed innumerable political units in the form of kings, vassals, principalities, self-governed republics and occasionally the monarchs. But they never interfered in the national life of the people. Their duties were limited to safety, order and development. In fact while the kings waged wars the society carried on with its daily life unhindered.

As a Rashtram it had the enormous catholicity to welcome and absorb any number of outside elements, whether they came as aggressors like the Huns, the Kushans, the Greeks etc or whether as refugees like the Parsis, the Zorastrians and the the Jews. When its boundaries were threatened the Rajah of entire Rashtram rose against the enemy. In fact the Rajah were mandated to secure the borders not only of their kingdoms, but also of the Rashtram.

In order to sustain this spirit of ethical and spiritual ideals various institutions were devised in India. Innumerable sacred places were strewn across the length and breadth of the country. Pilgrimages, festivals etc became important institutions in the life of the Rashtra instead of politics and Statecraft. A unique band of renounced individuals became the vehicles of this ethical, spiritual ideal across the country from place to place, time to time and generation to generation. They authored number of Dharma Shastras to guide the society in upholding the spirit of Rashtram in contemporary age. Great epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata to their innumerable forms in later ages became powerful instruments of carrying the message of the Rashtram through generations. That is the secret of India's uninterrupted life as a Rashtra for Millennia irrespective of the fact that it was never in history a united political entity.

To conclude, Rashtra is spiritual, all inclusive and is for the welfare of all. The foundation and the meaning behind it is not political or divisive. This Rashtra does not exist on the basis of rulers or army. This Rashtra has originated from the bhadra ichchha (benign wish) of the sages - rishis. This bhadra ichchha (benign wish) sees element of supreme soul in all, it propounds the idea of Ekam Sadvipraa bahudha vadanti and has a vision of sarve bhavantu sukhinah before it.

It is this bhadra ichchha, which has given rise to the Bharatiya Rashtram - Indian nation and sustains it through Dharma, that should be the basis for a new discourse on Nation and Nationality.

* * *

Chinese advance, a brief explanation -- Vishwas Pitke


Without a strong database, strong policies are useless -- R. Vaidyanathan

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Without a strong database, strong policies are useless

 

http://prof-vaidyanathan.com/2013/05/03/without-a-strong-database-strong-policies-are-useless/ 

 

Niti Central 03/-5/2013                                                                          Prof R. Vaidyanathan

 

There are many aspects of economy and society where reliable and timely data are not available and it is unfortunate that major policy formulations are made by the Central and State Governments based on meager and unreliable figures. That India, which has produced such doyens of statistics as DD Kosambi, PC Mahalanobis, RC Bose, and CR Rao, should have such statistical deficiencies is a matter of concern.

Table-1

Share of NDP 2010-11

Category

Organized [%]

Unorganized [%]

Agriculture and forestry, fishing

5.2

94.8

Mining, manufacturing, electricity &construction

58.8

41.2

Services

48.1

51.9

Total

42.8

57.2

Source: St .76.1, National Accounts Statistics [NAS]—2012, Central Statistical Organization [CSO], G.O.I New Delhi.

Since unorganized sector constitute a significant portion of our economy the inadequate data base pertaining to them is all the more problematic.

Nearly 57 per cent of the Net Domestic Product comes from the so-called unorganized sector, see table 1 while ‘services’ contribute almost 65 per cent to NDP. Also there has been substantial growth in such service sectors as trade, transport, hotels and other professional services. Much of this is due to partnership and proprietorship firms, about which there is no reliable disaggregated data available.

Savings Rate: The savings rate of the economy is around 30 to 34 per cent in the last few years and nearly 80 per cent of this came from household savings.

The households in the data include consuming and producing units. The partnership and proprietorship firms in trade, etc., are categorized as households and, hence, there must be segregation between pure wage-earning, consuming households and enterprise households.

There is no reliable data available on the savings of ‘pure consuming’ or ‘wage earning’ households. Earlier some estimates could be made using All India Income Tax Statistics data about different category of tax payers region wise. That publication has been discontinued for reasons known to only Ministry of Finance.

Given the lack of detailed data on the ‘unorganized’ sector, much of the discussion on the economy is centered on India Inc., a euphemism for the hundred or so active Sensex stocks. This results in a distortion in policy formulation and deficiencies in resource allocation.

There is also no reliable data on employment in service activities. Table 2 shows the employment in some of the service activities in the organized sector as provided by the Government but seems totally off the mark.

Table-2

Employment in Private Organized Sectors [lakhs]

Category

2000

2005

2010

2011

Construction

0.57

0.49

0.91

1.02

Wholesale and Retail Trade

3.30

3.75

5.06

5.46

Transport Storage and Communication

0.70

0.85

1.66

1.89

Finance, Insurance and Real estate

3.58

5.23

15.52

17.18

Community Social and Personal Services

17.23

18.2

21.40

23.50

Total –including all activities

86.46

84.52

107.87

114.22

Note: Coverage in construction on private account is inadequate
Source: Ministry of Labor- quoted in the, Economic Survey 2012-13, Table 3.1 Employment in organized sectors-public and private; pp. A56, GoI New Delhi

POTA data

According to the Economic Survey 2011 across India, only 5.5 lakh persons are employed in the wholesale and retail trade, and 1 lakh work in the construction industry. Even in a single city like Mumbai these numbers could run into many more lakhs.

The database would be amusing but for its tragic consequences. It can be inferred that the role of the “unorganized” would be substantial, even in the manufacturing sector, in the context of the massive outsourcing of production and other activities. These are only some instances of the inadequacy of the database.

Without simple and reliable numbers pertaining to national income, savings, labor, and so on, it would be a Herculean task to plan for a large country like India. Many of the assumptions pertaining to the 1950s and the 1960s may not be appropriate now in the early 21st century.

POTA data (that is, Pulled Out of Thin Air) may be more harmful since resource allocation could get distorted. With such a weak database, the policy-makers try to formulate the Five-Year Plans, annual Budgets and socio-economic legislation. The situation at the State level needs substantial improvement as they constitute the building blocks for the national statistical system. The Department of Planning and Statistics is dysfunctional in many States and the person appointed as Minister in such a department feels he has been given an ‘unimportant’ portfolio. Data collection by many of these departments requires significant improvement with the introduction of modern technology and techniques and improved training.

Timeliness

Not only is the data unreliable, it is also not timely. For instance we are in the middle of 2013 and we have data for 2011 -12 and that also for the organised sector. Data for 2012/2013 is yet to see the light of the day in the CSO web site. We also have habit of publishing tentative /provisional/quick estimates with considerable time lag. In the current Economic Survey document a new terminology has been introduced namely “provisional actual”.

Involve private sector

It is also important to explore ways to involve the private sector in the analysis and dissemination of statistical information. By outsourcing the publication of collected data, we may achieve timely publication and more readable books and reports.

Of course, the responsibility for collecting data rests with the government as it may not want to involve private agencies in that sphere, for fear of distortions. The lag between data collection and dissemination which, in many areas, is nearly two years, needs to be minimized.

For, with such lag, the numbers are neither useful to policy formulators nor to researchers for forecasting purposes.

In the current context, many a time, “quick/provisional estimates,” “tentative figures” or “preliminary numbers” are used for long periods of more than one year. It is rather unfortunate that the country should be aspiring to become a major power with such a weak database. It is told in studies pertaining to database that when the past is imperfect, the present is tense and the future uncertain. The National Statistical Commission has made many suggestions and the challenges are enormous. One hopes we are able to build a vibrant, robust, reliable and timely statistical base for the economy. That would be the best tribute to the doyens of statistics who built fine institutions for research and training in the field.

As pointed out by the National Statistical Commission chaired by Dr C Rangarajan, the mission statement of the statistical system should be “to provide, within the decentralized structure of the system, reliable, timely and credible social and economic statistics to assist decision-making within and outside the Government, stimulate research and promote informed debate relating to conditions affecting people’s lives” (Report of the National Statistical Commission; Volume 1, p82).

India deserves a better database and this is something India can and should achieve as it is a sine qua non for orderly growth and meaningful policy formulations.

_____________

Author is Professor at IIMB- Views are personal-

History of Ramasetu and inside story on SC case against Setusamudram Shipping Channel Project

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See: http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/2013/05/karunas-anti-sethu-protest-on-may-15.htmlKaruna's anti-Sethu protest on May 15. GOI, declare Ramasetu national monument. Let people become aware of the great heritage (including a cumulative list of blogposts providing detailed evaluation of the issues of heritage and transportation options such as Marine Special Economic Zones to provide abhyudayam for coastal people).

Rama Setu - An Engineering Marvel of 5076 BCE

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgSINZO_VuI



Published on Mar 13, 2013
The Government of India has decided to go ahead with its plans for building a shipping channel by breaking the Rama Setu, the oldest man-made bridge of our civilization, a civil engineering marvel of 5076 BCE. This bridge is believed to have been built by Rama and His team. Only if Rama is historical could this bridge be man-made. If the bridge is proved to be man-made, then Rama has to be Historical. This film brings to light the layers of bridge construction and the month and the year when the Rama Setu was built.

Watch it and share it with others. It is not just another story but a 7100 year old engineering marvel of our civilization.

link to our latest film on Dating of Rama-12:30 pm, 10 Jan, 5114 BCE:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCmRi3...


READ BELOW AFTER YOU HAVE WATCHED THE FILM

Many find it hard to digest that Rama is historical and He lived 7100 years ago. This is because we have been brought up with the understanding that Rama lived in Treta Yuga and when one hears the term Treta Yuga, the mind immediately imagines millions of years.

However, study of various texts shows that the terms Yuga, Yojana do not have just one fixed value. Ancient texts talk of over 7 types of Yuga scales ranging from

• 1 year being a Yuga (which is why we celebrate Yugadi every year) to
• 60 years being a Manava Yuga (which is why we have a cycle of 60 years with names for each year) to
• 12000 years being a Ayana Yuga (based on precession of the earth) to
• 432000 years being a Kali Yuga unit from which comes Chathur Yuga of 4320000 years on an astronomical scale.

Valmiki Ramayana does not specify which Yuga scale was used when mentioning Treta Yuga. Hence we cannot assume it to have been the astronomical Yuga scale alone.
The date 7100 years fits in with Treta Yuga in the Ayana scale as well as the astronomic configurations mentioned in the text. Our book Historical Rama details how.

Ramayana is an Itihasa meaning history. So Rama was historical. Rama was also an Avatar, a form in which divine forces had descended.

Historicity need not take away divinity if one understands the true meaning of divinity.

When a text has been classified as itihasa, it mentions facts as they were. So if the text mentions that wood of certain trees were used in building a bridge, it should have been so. Just because we are unable to understand how, need not take away authenticity from the fact and reduce it to a mere figment of imagination.

What exactly was the technology that was used to prevent the wood and the stones from floating away, was beyond the scope of that text. But that need not mean that the people were devoid of technical knowhow. Please see the entire film for comments by marine archaeologists on the technical feasibility in those days.

Research has found evidence of a wood layer as mentioned in the text. It is for our generation now to use this bridge not only as a showpiece for the world's oldest and available engineering marvel of an ancient civilization but also as a specimen to study further the engineering techniques of an ancient knowledge based civilization. These steps could yield lot more revenue and benefits along with undisturbed ecology and thorium than what could be yielded by a small shipping channel with a convoluted and limited use.

The name Bharatha comes from "Bha" meaning knowledge, enlightenment and "ratha" meaning to relish. "Bharatha" is the land where people relish knowledge. Our land was named Bharatha for a reason. It was a knowledge base civilization. Let us not dismiss our texts and their contents as works of imagination or just containing some moral stories. There is relevant knowledge in them as otherwise these texts would not have come this far. It is for us to open our eyes and minds to see it.

If interested to know more, you may read our book Historical Rama and watch a film by the same title which look at the historicity of Rama and this bridge in a wholistic manner using various disciplines. Comments on the same are welcome.

INSIDE Story of Rama-Sethu Project : Dr Subramanian Swamy on Sudarshan TV Published on Mar 24, 2013

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7gf_gfZxgFU&sns=tw

RBI is deceiving itself asking for KYC norms. RBI, scrap PNotes which defy KYC norms.

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RBI is deceiving itself asking for KYC norms. RBI, scrap PNotes which defy KYC norms.

Better compliance of KYC norms needed: RBI on Cobrapost expose

PTI : Mumbai, Fri May 03 2013, 16:11 hrs -



Amid allegations of money laundering by top three private banks, the RBI today said that its probe into their activities revealed the banks did not follow KYC norms while selling third party products.

"The RBI recently undertook investigations in the light of reported allegations that certain banks were involved in structuring transactions to aid tax evasion and fraudulent transfer of funds. The investigations revealed the need for better regulatory compliance by banks," the central bank said in its annual monetary policy statement.

ICICI bank, HDFC Bank and Axis Bank were accused of indulging in money laundering both within and outside with an online portal, Cobrapost, claiming the sting operation conducted by it had revealed a scam. The RBI statement, however did not name the banks.

"During the investigations...it was observed that banks are not carrying out customer due diligence as required under KYC/AML/CFT guidelines while marketing and distributing third party products as agents.

"Some banks are also not filing Cash Transaction Reports (CTRs) or Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) in such cases, wherever required," RBI said.

RBI advised banks to carry out customer due diligence as a measure of abundant precaution, maintain details of third party products sold and their records and file CTRs and STRs.

RBI observed that in some cases, banks did not have clear segregation of duties of marketing personnel and bank employees were directly receiving incentives from third parties.

Banks have been asked to ensure that their employees do not receive cash/non-cash incentives directly from insurance companies, mutual funds and other third party product providers.

RBI also asked lenders to have a board approved policy to avoid mis-selling and conflict of interest in marketing and distribution of own or third party financial products.

On wealth management services (WMS), it said banks offering the services are exposed to reputational risks on account of mis-selling of products, conflict of interest, lack of knowledge and clarity about products and frauds.

The country's monetary authority also proposes to replace the existing FAQs on KYC/AML/CFT with a comprehensive set of questions and answers by June end. This is aimed at facilitating understanding of KYC/AML/CFT requirements and compliance in a hassle-free manner.

By June end, the RBI will issue detailed guidelines on marketing and distribution of third party financial products and KYC (know your customer). Draft guidelines on WMC too will be issued during this period.


http://www.indianexpress.com/news/better-compliance-of-kyc-norms-needed-rbi-on-cobrapost-expose/1111046/#sthash.MQ1QeXC8.dpuf

No First Use Nuclear Doctrine with “Chinese Characteristics” -- Dr. Adityanjee

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No First Use Nuclear Doctrine with “Chinese Characteristics”

Dr. Adityanjee May 2, 2013

http://www.vifindia.org/article/2013/may/02/no-first-use-nuclear-doctrine-with-chinese-characteristics
Introduction

Like a chameleon, the dragon, very predictably is changing its colors with regards to its often stated nuclear doctrine of “no first use” (NFU). Since 1964 when China conducted its first nuclear weapon test, China has repeatedly and vociferously insisted that it would not be the first nuclear power to use a tactical or strategic nuclear weapon in pursuit of its strategic objectives. This NFU pledge was explicitly and unconditionally included in each of China’s defense white papers from the first in 1998 through the seventh one in 2011. Recently, there is some international debate about possible changes in China’s NFU doctrine following publication of China’s biannual 2013 Defense White Paper. However, it appears that China may have moved beyond its so-called NFU doctrine and its duplicitous pledges do not hold any sincere meaning. Strategic deception has been an important part of China’s military DNA since the times of Sun Tzu who wrote in his treatise the Art of War: “All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when we are able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away. Since achieving a great economic success and flush with $ 3.4 trillion foreign exchange reserves, China has increased its list of core national issues and has adopted a more belligerent strategic posture and hegemonic attitude towards international community in general and its neighbors in particular. Disregarding the Deng’s advice of lying low and bidding your time, the current (5th) generation of China’s leaders are adopting aggressive postures militarily though the transformation into visibly hardened strategic claims started really during the reign of the 4th generation leaders (Hu Jintao, Wen Jiabao and Wu Bangguo).

The last time a Chinese paramount leader reaffirmed the so-called NFU pledge was on March 27th 2012 in Seoul Nuclear Conference when Hu Jintao mentioned it in his address. However, in December 2012, the new 5th generation Chinese paramount leader Xi Jinping failed to mention about the so-called no first use pledge in a speech given to Second Artillery Force of the PLA which manages China’s land-based nuclear weapons. Apparently, he also stated that nuclear weapons create strategic support for China’s status as a major world power. This is a significant departure from the previously stated public positions citing Mao Zedong’s ideas about the use of nuclear weapons as a taboo and labeling the nuclear weapons essentially as “paper tigers”.

Fundamentals of NFU Commitment

Out of the nine countries that possess nuclear weapons currently, only two, China and India had explicitly stated “No First Use” as the guiding principle of their strategic nuclear doctrine.

An absolute and unconditional NFU commitment would have four following components:

Not to use nuclear weapons first against countries that possess nuclear weapons
Not to threaten use nuclear weapons first against countries that possess nuclear weapons
Not to use nuclear weapons first against countries that do not possess nuclear weapons
Not to threaten to use nuclear weapons first against countries that do not possess nuclear weapons
NFU policy has been a core feature of the Chinese defense policy having been decided apparently by Chairman Mao himself in 1964. Critics of the Chinese NFU commitment claim that it is completely unverifiable and is mere rhetoric. Self-described “China hawks” in the West have derisively dismissed the Chinese NFU pledge as pure propaganda for the last five decades. Chinese strategists have debated the merits of dropping or altering the NFU policy. This debate was reportedly very intense from mid to late 2000s. There are assertions from Chinese officials that Chinese NFU commitment is not applicable to perceived claims on territories. China has territorial disputes with multiple neighbors including India. Presumably since China continues to claim that Arunachal Pradesh is its own territory, in a hypothetical scenario, it may use tactical nuclear weapons in a war with India in eastern sector because China will consider this use not against any other country but in its own perceived territory. Similarly, China will not be bound by its NFU if the US were to intervene in Taiwan in case of a Sino-Taiwanese war as it considers Taiwan as a renegade province. Chinese NFU is not applicable if it apprehends annihilation of its top leadership by conventional means. Similarly, a conventional attack on strategic target like the Three Gorges Dam would be an exception to the NFU pledge. More recently, Chinese have discussed other possible exceptions from their NFU commitment including a massive precision guided conventional attack on their intercontinental ballistic missile silos or their strategic facilities. As China moves away from minimal credible deterrence to “limited deterrence”, a more sophisticated delivery mechanism and an exponential increase in its nuclear stockpile, it has also moved towards greater flexibility and continued opacity in its nuclear operational doctrine. It is pertinent to say that the so-called Chinese NFU commitment has never been taken seriously by both the US and Russia at any time in their policy matrix.

Chinese Nuclear Arsenal

China can be considered the largest nuclear power after the US and Russia. China’s nuclear capability is apparently stronger than those of the next six nuclear states combined. According to Russian estimates, since early 1960s China has generated 40 tons of enriched weapons grade uranium and 10 tons of plutonium which would be enough to produce 3,600 nuclear war-heads. It is probable that half of this fissile material is kept in stocks whereas the rest half has been used up to produce 1500-1800 warheads, half of which may be in storage. This would leave 800-900 warheads that could be available for operational deployment on various types of delivery vehicles. Therefore, the real motives for China’s complete secrecy about its nuclear forces lie not in their “weakness” and “small size” but in much larger strength of China’s actual nuclear arsenal that is much higher than the commonly cited number of 300-400 warheads by the western analysts. There is also a great degree of international uncertainty about the hundreds of tunnels being built in China as their purpose has not yet been officially explained.

Chinese Nuclear Posture and Track II Interactions

Personal interactions with various Chinese academicians and officials during policy conferences suggest that China will continue to add to its nuclear arsenal and will not participate in any nuclear disarmament program till it reaches a certain level. This analyst has interacted with Professor Shen Dingli, Associate Dean of the Institute of International Studies from Fudan University, Shanghai over the last four years with very consistent and candid answers regarding Chinese national nuclear posture. Professor Shen Dingli claims to have independent (but sometimes more hawkish views) from those of the Chinese Government. In 2009 Carnegie Nuclear Policy Conference in Washington, DC, he expressed absolute ignorance about Chinese proliferation activities and the fact that Chinese weapons designs were turned in by Libya to the International Atomic energy Agency (IAEA) when Libya folded up their clandestine nuclear program. He was totally unaware of China’s both vertical and horizontal proliferation activities as late as April 2009. During the 2009 Carnegie International Non-proliferation Conference, Washington, DC, he agreed that Chinese government will continue to increase its number of nuclear war-heads. In a more recent Carnegie Endowment meeting on India-China dialogue in Washington DC on January 10th 2013, he again reiterated that China will continue to modernize its nuclear arsenals and the delivery systems till a perceived parity is achieved with the two great powers (US and Russia). China will certainly not agree to cut the number of nuclear arsenals as it wants both the US and Russia to implement further reductions in their respective nuclear arsenals.

Interactions with another Chinese academician Dr. Shulong Chu, Professor of Political Science and International Relations at the School of Public Policy and Management and the Deputy Director of the Institute of International Strategic and Development Studies at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China in a session on China-US Strategic Stability on 4/6/2009 during the Carnegie International Non-proliferation Conference, Washington DC revealed very interesting Chinese perspectives. Chu explicitly stated that since China has accepted US supremacy, analogously both India and Japan should accept Chinese supremacy in the Asia-pacific region. China is a bigger country than Japan and India. It has bigger military requirements. Japan, India and other Asian countries should understand that and should be willing to accept China’s ongoing modernization of its military and strategic (read nuclear) assets. Chu further went on saying: “Russia and the US have too many nuclear war-heads. They can afford to have deep cuts. China cannot do that because China has too few. China wants more and its agenda is to have more nuclear weapons”.

Major-General Yao Yunzhu, Director of the Center on China-America Defense Relations of the Chinese Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing in a session on Deterrence, Disarmament and Non-proliferation during the Carnegie International Nuclear Policy Conference, held in Washington, DC on April 8-9th 2013, artfully deflected all the questions on China’s growing number of nuclear arsenals with a cute smile, stating again that the onus for nuclear warhead reduction lies on both US and Russia because China has very limited, small number of nuclear weapons. General Yao while doing routine lip-service to the NFU doctrine explicitly admitted that, "A certain amount of opaqueness is an integral part of China's no-first-use policy". She persistently refused to quantify the number of warheads China needed for a credible and effective nuclear deterrence. She officially expressed Chinese Government‘s serious concern at the US shifting its ballistic missiles interceptors in the Pacific island of Guam to deal with DPRK nuclear threat, thereby degrading the quality of the Chinese nuclear deterrent. She enumerated three essential characteristics for the Chinese nuclear deterrent: it has to be survivable against first strike; it has to be credible enough in numbers and in delivery system, and lastly it has to have an effective and punitive second strike retaliatory capability. She was asked about recent BMD tests by China on January 22nd 2013 and she categorically confirmed that China will, from now on, indeed develop its own BMD system as the US is not willing to commit to cease its BMD system.

Professor Li Bin from the Department of International Relations, Tsinghua University, Beijing and also a Senior Associate at Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington, DC admits formally in his writings that China’s non-proliferation posture has evolved over a period of time and now is an important and essential part of its nuclear theology. However, in private discussions he passionately justified Chinese horizontal proliferation activities outside the scope of the Nuclear Suppliers Group by providing Chashma-3 and Chashma-4 nuclear plants to Pakistan on grounds that China had helped India also with nuclear fuel supplies for the Tarapore Atomic Reactor when India was under the US nuclear embargo. He assertively implied that China will continue to provide nuclear materials and technology to its all-weather friend Pakistan analogous to US-India civil nuclear deal though the latter deal was approved by the NSG. Interestingly a younger researcher Zhu Jianyu from the Center for Strategic Studies of the China Academy of Engineering Physics during the Carnegie International Nuclear Policy Conference, held in Washington, DC on April 8-9th 2013 candidly admitted that Chinese press and academicians usually toe the government line because the government controls their funding and hence independent viewpoints are not possible.

In private discussions with Major General Yao, it became quite clear that China will now vigorously pursue development of its national ballistic missile defense system; something which China had vociferously denounced earlier. She also stated that China will continue to develop its ASAT weapons till a legally binding multi-lateral treaty banning weaponization of the space is signed and ratified. Major General Yao attributed to and categorically linked this shift in Chinese strategic thinking to the recent US decision to deploy 14 long-range ballistic missile interceptor batteries in the Pacific Island of Guam ostensibly in response to threats posed by the DPRK thereby potentially degrading the Chinese nuclear deterrent. Changes in the Chinese nuclear posture are also linked to the US development and deployment of advanced precision guided conventional warheads in the Asian theatre capable of destroying Chinese multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV) ballistic missile silos thereby degrading the Chinese minimum nuclear deterrent. China is focused on modernizing and its strategic survivability and beefing up its effective second strike capability and therefore will continue to develop more nuclear warheads and will keep its nuclear capabilities fully opaque.

China’s 2013 Defence White Paper

For the first time, the 2013 edition of China’s defense white paper entitled: “Diversified Employment of China’s Armed Forces” conspicuously fails to mention re-adherence to and re-affirmation of China’s often-stated “No first use pledge”. This is significant departure from the 2011 version of China’s Defense White Paper. The absolutely deafening silence in the 2013 version on NFU is deliberate and is very significant for its reverberating eloquence. The new white paper introduces ambiguity as it endorses the use of nuclear weapons in response to a nuclear attack but does not rule out other uses. In the last few years, Chinese analysts and officials have done an excellent job of qualifying the original Chinese “NFU” pledge with myriads of qualitative exceptions so as to render it effectively meaningless. This carefully contrived departure is strategically significant for the international community.

Following a vigorous international debate on China’s departure from the NFU policy, Major General Yao floated a trial balloon in an op-ed piece in Asia Times Online on April 24th 2013 when she called for a legally binding multi-lateral NFU agreement. She wrote a point by point rejoinder while still defending the reasons as to why China should depart from the often stated NFU policy and acknowledged that domestic discussions happening in China regarding junking the NFU policy. She has tried to invoke new exceptions to China’s so-called NFU commitment linking it to a new US law (2013 National Defense Authorization Act) that seeks a report from the Commander of the US Strategic Command by August 15th 2013 to describe the Chinese underground tunnel networks and to review the US capability to neutralize such networks with conventional and nuclear forces. Ostensibly, with a view to creating more confusion and more opaqueness about China’s intentions, she explicitly states: “To alleviate China's concerns, a constructive approach would be to assure the policy through nuclear policy dialogues, to establish a multilateral NFU agreement among all the nuclear weapon states, and to consider limiting or even prohibiting the use of nuclear weapons in a legally binding international agreement.” Li Bin, in bilateral context, has previously suggested that India and China should begin their nuclear engagement with mutual reassurance of NFU and should work together in advocating NFU in global nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation efforts.

China very well knows such a legally binding international agreement will not be negotiated for several decades owing to US dogmatic postures. The US is already spending $10 billion to upgrade its nuclear weapons despite Obama’s initial call for a global zero goal. This gives a window of opportunity for China to increase its nuclear warheads exponentially while keeping its so-called NFU pledge under suspended animation and even junk it de facto. Interestingly, China refuses to enter into an official government to government nuclear weapons dialogue with India on the grounds that India is non-signatory to the NPT. At the same time, China has shrewdly refused to engage in bilateral dialogue with the US on nuclear arms reductions on grounds of asymmetry of nuclear forces of respective countries. China does complain of discrimination and nuclear asymmetry while discussing US-China relations but fails to address genuine Indian concerns on similar grounds.

Implications for India

Western debate on the perceptible change in Chinese nuclear posture has focussed only on its narrow impact on the strategic environment of the US and its allies including Japan. India should not behave like an ostrich burying its head in the sand. Perhaps, time has come for India to review her own strategic nuclear doctrine revising the no-first use pledge. Robust evidence has come cumulatively over a period of time from multiple sources reflecting the new nuclear reality in our neighborhood. Totality of the evidence available convinces this analyst that China has indeed changed its nuclear posture from defensive to offensive and is on a large-scale nuclear build-up. China is indeed willing to consider first strike capability to preserve its core national issues though vehemently denying such intentions at the moment. Predictably, China will continue to obfuscate this change in nuclear posture using ambiguous, turgid and opaque language while simultaneously blaming the US for failing to negotiate a legally binding multi-lateral agreement on NFU. Indeed, this gives the dragon a fig-leaf of deniability. Certainly, India should not countenance being the only nuclear weapon state pledging “no first use” while the global nuclear posturing has become indeed hardened. One has to take into factor Pakistan’s accelerated development of tactical nuclear weapons and its stringent refusal to negotiate and sign a multi-lateral Fissile Materials Cut-Off Treaty (FMCT) and continued Chinese help to Pakistan in and outside the NSG. While Pakistan has never subscribed to an NFU commitment and its nuclear arsenal is specifically India-centric; the recent change in China’s nuclear posture is definitely of concern to India. The writing is on the wall as China does not have good track record of strategic comfort and reliability vis-a-vis India. The current incidence of Chinese incursion into Indian territory in Daulat Beg Oldie region in the Ladakh sector should be an eye-opener. While India must focus on its economic, infrastructure and social development and must not waste her meager fiscal resources in a costly nuclear race, she needs to be prepared for all strategic options. Given the aggressive behavior of China in recent years appropriate and credible policies need to be adopted including having a re-look at evolving nuclear posture of China.

Published Date: 2nd May 2013

Are we thieves? Baki ra shob sadhu -- Mamata Didi

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Are we thieves?

OUR BUREAU | Saturday , May 4 , 2013 |

Calcutta, May 3: Mamata Banerjee today let loose a burst of questions dipped in sarcasm, staking the credibility of her government on the unuttered answers.

“Kunal chor? Madan chor? Tumpai chor? Mukul chor? Aami chor? Sabai chor? Baki ra shob sadhu (Is Kunal a thief? Is Madan a thief? Is Tumpai a thief? Is Mukul a thief? Am I a thief? Are all of us thieves? And the rest are saints)!” a Trinamul leader quoted the chief minister as telling a general council meeting of the party.

Mamata was talking about the campaign against the party and the government, the Trinamul leader added, alluding to the Saradha scandal that is still unfolding and manifesting itself in suspected suicides.

The chief minister’s rhetorical questions were immediately seen as a virtual clean chit to party colleagues whose proximity to the Saradha Group has come under the public scanner.

Some Trinamul loyalists heard a clarion call for cleaning up the party. They cited Mamata’s reference to herself as evidence that she was holding up her own example and asking others to stick to the straight and narrow.

But the personal reference itself and several political tea leaves floating about at the venue strengthened the perception that the chief minister was lending her shield of honesty to the leaders under fire.

Such a strategy — the unquestioned leader positioning herself or himself in front of besieged lesser mortals, prompting blanket genuflection — usually works in the country.

But not always. Veterans recalled how Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru had tried to shield then defence minister V.K. Krishna Menon when troubles with China were mounting in the 1960s. But veteran socialist Acharya J.B. Kripalani recounted in the Lok Sabha how Britain’s Conservatives had once compelled their Prime Minister to resign and appealed to those “Congressmen who were not afraid of the British bullets and bayonets to place the good of the nation above the good of the party”. Menon eventually had to resign after the Chinese war.

No Kripalani is known to have sprung to his feet this afternoon at the Kshudiram Anushilan Kendra, near the Netaji Indoor Stadium, where over 500 Trinamul leaders were listening to Mamata.

Kunal Ghosh, Trinamul Rajya Sabha MP and former executive chairman of Saradha media, did not attend the meeting after being advised to stay away. MPs Srinjoy Bose, Tapas Paul and Satabdi Roy and transport minister Madan Mitra, whose names have been linked with the Saradha Group or other deposit-mobilising companies, attended.

An intervention from Mamata to defend the leaders had become a necessity after party MPs Sisir Adhikari, Subhendu Adhikari and Somen Mitra suggested at party forums that heads must roll.

But the message the audience appeared to have imbibed was strikingly different. “Those who are accusing us, we have to outshout them,” a Trinamul leader said later. It was not clear if the leader was referring to critics within the party’s own ranks.

The choice of speakers suggested Mamata was in no mood to hear criticism. Trinamul all-India general secretary Mukul Roy and state ministers Partha Chatterjee, Subrata Mukherjee and Amit Mitra did not broach the default crisis in their speeches while MPs Sisir Adhikari and his son Subhendu did not get an opportunity to speak.

“Outshouting others or denying them an opportunity to speak can be a strategy in party forums, but will it work outside?” wondered aloud a party leader but in private.

He appeared to be suggesting that the last word had not yet been spoken and the course could still change if the feedback from the ground continued to be grim.

According to him, ground-level party activists who were facing uncomfortable questions in the districts had expected Mamata to take some action against some leaders. They had also expected a set of directives on dealing with such companies. Mamata confined herself to rolling out a list of dos and don’ts for the trade union and student wings of the party.

“She has not explained what we must tell the people, except for attacking the CPM and the Congress…. People are questioning us about the ties some of our leaders had with these (deposit-mobilisation) companies. What do we tell them?” asked a Trinamul MP.

In shying away from sending a message to her party leaders who had links with Saradha and other sham companies, Mamata has followed in the footsteps of her political rival, the CPM, which squandered a chance to rectify itself after the debacle in Bengal.

The CPM state committee held a series of meetings to analyse the reasons behind the 2011 drubbing and drew the conclusion that the high-handedness of a section of its leaders and growing social disconnect had led to the defeat.

Although CPM insiders said some “action like suspension and expulsion” was taken in North 24-Parganas, Howrah, Hooghly, Burdwan, Purulia, Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri, prominent faces were spared.

At the behest of former chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, former MPs Lakshman Seth and Amitava Nandi were dropped from the state committee at the party’s state conference in February 2012, but their pre-eminence in the party continued.

In defending her colleagues, Mamata has followed the same model, which has struck deep roots in Bengal.

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130504/jsp/frontpage/story_16857669.jsp#.UYQ4t6JTCvc

Government must govern, or it must go -- NDA MPs to Pres.

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Friday, 03 May 2013

MEMORANDUM SUBMITTED TO HON’BLE PRESIDENT OF INDIA BY MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT OF THE N.D.A

Respected Rashtrapati ji,

The nation is today deeply aggrieved and full of anger at this visible drift in the management of the country’s external relations. We do not find it necessary to tax your time and goodwill by elaborating any great detail, principally because the issue presents itself starkly in two recent incidents:

The murder of an Indian citizen - Sarabjit Singh, in Pakistan, while in custody in the Kot Lakhpat jail of Lahore;

The unilateral occupation of territory in the region of Depsang plains and Daulat Beg Oldie in Ladakh by the People’s Republic of China.

Permit us, Sir, to briefly to put across our view points on each of these two.

MURDER OF SARABJIT SINGH

Sarabjit Singh, admittedly convicted and sentenced to death in Pakistan, had reportedly completed his sentence and had received a condonation of his death sentence, as it’s execution had been delayed for too long. We are given to understand that he was due to be released but held back in Pakistan as a retaliatory gesture.

Respected Rashtrapatiji, Sarabjit Singh’s murder in the Kot Lakhpat jail, in Lahore, Pakistan could not have taken place without official connivance, at least of some authorities of that country. What distresses us very greatly is the inaction of the Government of India, the Ministry of External Affairs and the concerned officials to not constantly have monitored this case and ensured his safe return to India. We are persuaded to emphasise this because we hold that our Government’s inaction in this case cannot be condoned. They owe the country an explanation and an apology. They must provide it.

INCURSION IN LADAKH

Mindful of the Line of Actual Control (LAC) being still under negotiations, hence undefined, yet, the manner of this recent incursion, or this arbitrary and unilateral breach cannot be viewed as normal conduct. It is violative of agreed principles governing the conduct of forces of P.R.C in respect of the L.A.C.

We would like to emphasise, Sir, that only because LAC is undefined therefore, unilateral physical definition to it can be given through unilateral and forceful occupation of select sites or locations is simply not acceptable. The Government and the Prime Minister have repeatedly announced that this is a “localized” incident. May we submit this would tantamount to a disingenuous evasion of Government’s responsibility?

Even if ‘localised’, in D.B.O or Depsang plains, this manner of unilateral ‘localized’ actions, resulting in seizure of land, amounts to giving a forcible and physical definition to the LAC. This simply cannot be accepted.

On this occasion, there is a need for us to recall a resolution adopted by both Houses of Parliament in the month of November, 1962. Also to remind the government that silent acquiescence in the face of fait-accompli, whether of Pakistan, or China is unforgivable pusillanimity. This is simply not acceptable.

The government must govern, or it must go.

http://bjp.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8717:memorandum-submitted-to-the-president-of-india-by-nda-leaders-&catid=68:press-releases&Itemid=494

Coalgate: Vahanvati met a CBI official. 'I just glanced through the report.' -- What a price to glance? Vahanvati, quit office.

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CBI showed coal report to AG after law minister's changes

VijaitaSingh : New Delhi, Sat May 04 2013, 03:38 hrs


Hours after Law Minister Ashwani Kumar examined the CBI's coal blocks allotment probe report and got changes made in it, Attorney General G E Vahanvati held a meeting with at least one top CBI official, it has emerged.

CBI director Ranjit Sinha could mention details of this meeting in the affidavit he is due to file in the Supreme Court on May 6.

Sources said that after Sinha met Kumar on March 6, another meeting was held at Vahanvati's residence the same evening. This meeting was attended by CBI joint director O P Galhotra and the then Additional Solicitor General Harin Raval.

Reached for his comment on the second meeting, Vahanvati said: "On March 6, I left early from the law minister's meeting. The minister said that the draft report should be shown to me and it was in this context that the CBI officials came to my house. I just glanced through the report and did not make any changes," he said.

As the attorney general, he was entitled to meet CBI officials, Vahanvati added.


http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cbi-showed-coal-report-to-ag-after-law-ministers-changes/1111338/

India tested, found wanting -- Bharat Karnad

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http://newindianexpress.com/opinion/India-tested-found-wanting/2013/05/03/article1572158.ece?service=print

Bharat karnad

May 3, 2013

A Chinese military move seriously to test India’s resolve has been on the cards for a long time now. But, this is only a gambit by Beijing to see what level of provocation will get the Indian government to act, and a means to establish a baseline for future actions.

Alas, the Chinese planners misjudged how much soft tissue there is in India’s China policy, and foreign and defence policies generally, where spine should be.

From the first, the China Study Group (CSG) headed by the National Security Adviser and old China-hand, Shivshankar Menon, which fuels the Ministry of External Affairs’ thinking on the subject and dictates the government’s response whenever China heaves into view, decreed that the brazen armed intrusion be soft-pedalled. Thus, the depth of penetration in the Depsang Valley in Ladakh by People’s Liberation Army troops was initially stated as 8 km, before this figure was revised to 10 km and later 19 km.

Now, 19 km is not a distance that small military units “stray across” as much as it is ground covered in a directed mission and yet, the junior minister in the Home Ministry managing the Chinese border with some miserable paramilitary maintained it was a mere “incursion”, not armed “intrusion”. By such hair-splitting is the Manmohan Singh government determined to do nothing?

China, in the meantime, adopted its standard stance when disrupting peace on undemarcated land and sea borders. It refused to acknowledge there was any such intrusion.

When the PLA presence at Raki Nullah could no longer be denied, it stood the incident on its head by accusing the Indian Army of “aggressive patrolling”, and followed up by offering a fantastical trade-off: India ceases construction of necessary border military infrastructure and mothballs the advanced landing fields in the area in return for the status quo ante.

All the while, Beijing took its cues from excuses the MEA offered for the Chinese outrage, saying it arose from “differing perceptions” of where the LAC lay. The MEA minister, Salman Khurshid, revealing his cosmetological skills, then referred to the Chinese ingress as acne that can be cured with “ointment”.

With the offensively-disposed Chinese military units inside Indian territory, it was again the CSG-MEA that offered Beijing a reason to stay put, saying the Chinese should be provided a “face-saving” way out of the mess they created by repairing to the negotiating table, whereupon the Chinese government promptly called for talks to restore peace. It is little wonder China sees India as a punching bag, an easy target to bully and badger.

The conclusion cannot any longer be avoided that either the China Study Group constitutes a Chinese fifth column at the heart of the Indian government, or is staffed by idiot savants.

The classic illustration of an idiot savant is a mentally challenged person who can memorise the numbers on the wagons in a freight train rattling past his house, but does not know how to tie his shoelaces or, in this case, can read Confucius’ Analects in the original but is unable to see a straight forward land-grab for what it is — loss of national territory.

The mostly Mandarin-speaking diplomats and experts in CSG seem so overawed by China they cannot resist acting as Beijing’s B Team.

At heart, the problem is that the 1962 war so institutionally rattled the MEA they still act groggy from that blow fifty years after the event and cannot recall just how military success was gained against the Chinese PLA, most recently in the 1986 Somdurong Chu incident.

Having espied a PLA unit on the Indian side of LAC, General K. Sundarji airlifted troops, surrounded the Chinese encampment, placed artillery on the nearby heights ready to reduce the Chinese position to rubble, and tented a unit just 10 metres from the Chinese camp (not 500 metres as was bandied about in official circles).

It was an initiative, incidentally, the then army chief took disregarding procedure and not consulting the MEA or anyone else in government, whence its success. It unnerved the Chinese who sued for peace.

In contrast, the present army chief, General Bikram Singh who, by repeatedly parroting the government assertion over the past year that China poses no threat and all’s well on that front, in fact, pre-empted any action that Headquarters Northern Army or Leh-based 14 Corps could have instantly taken to vacate the presence of the Chinese troops, and imposed costs on PLA for this little adventure. But subordinate commanders taking their cue from the chief did nothing.

The Prime Minister then compounded the trouble by reiterating the MEA-CSG line that this is but a “localised” incident.

Nineteen days into this affair, General Bikram reportedly briefed the Cabinet Committee on Security about prospective actions, such as severing supply links, etc.

Except, has he planned on what he’ll do when PLA helicopters or logistics truck convoys turn up to replenish the food and water stocks?

Shoot down the ’çopters and destroy the trucks.

Fine.

Then, is the army prepared for a bigger fight?

14 Corps can mount a divisional-level action easily, but will require immediate airlifting of another division as reserve. Moreover, half a brigade’s worth of army units should forthwith descend on the PLA-occupied site, raze their camp, and physically push the PLA soldiers back on to their side, and no nonsense about it.

If this is not done, a permanent realignment of LAC is on the cards in this strategically important tri-junction area.

Much worse, instead of showing self-respect and brio, and making the new Chinese premier Li Keqiang’s proposed Delhi visit in end-May conditional on immediate PLA pullback, Khurshid is planning to fly to Beijing to ensure Li keeps his date in Delhi and to ask the Chinese to withdraw, pretty please! It is as if China is the aggrieved party and needs placation.

Appeasement never pays; it only emboldens belligerent states to become more demanding. China has proved this time and again, but it is doubtful the CSG-MEA and the Indian government even know what the national interest is, or where it lies.

Bharat Karnad is professor at Centre for Policy Research and blogs at www.bharatkarnad.com

Bribegate strikes UPA Government. Bansal, quit SoniaG UPA's cabinet post

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Bribegate strikes UPA Government


By Niticentral Staff on May 4, 2013

In a huge embarrassment for the UPA Government, the CBI on Friday arrested Railway Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal’s nephew for accepting Rs 90 lakh in bribe from a senior railway officer seeking ‘a lucrative posting’.

According to Senior CBI officials, the Minister’s nephew V Singla was arrested in Chandigarh for accepting the money from one Manjunath, an alleged middleman for Railway Board Member (staff) Mahesh Kumar.

Kumar allegedly wanted the position as Member (Electrical), which falls vacant on July 1.

He was was arrested in Mumbai by a CBI team soon after he had flown in from Delhi. CBI has registered a case under the Prevention of Corruption Act and the IPC against him.

The other person arrested by the CBI was Sandip Goyal, who allegedly assisted in brokering the deal.

Bansal, who was in the capital, avoided the media despite repeated attempts to contact him. Searches were carried out by the CBI in Delhi, Chandigarh and other cities, the officials said.

Besides Kumar and Singla, CBI has also slapped charges against Goyal and Manjunath under various sections of the Prevention of Corruption Act and IPC, the officials said.

It was also reported that the new post would have given him the power to influence advanced signalling and telecom contracts worth Rs. 2,300 crore,” a CBI officer, who didn’t wish to be identified, said.

The deal was allegedly struck for Rs 2-crore and Rs. 90 lakh was the first installment.

The Railway Board is the highest decision-making body of the Indian Railways.

Manjunath, who appeared to have mobilised the money on behalf of Kumar, has also been named in the FIR along with one Sandeep Goyal.

In an operation kept under wraps, CBI kept a tab on Kumar’s movements and phone calls and swooped down on Singla at the time of bribe payment.

Both Singla and Manjunath were taken to the CBI office in the city where they were placed under arrest.

Kumar was General Manager (Western railways) and promoted recently as Member Railway Board, a post equivalent to Secretary in Government of India.

According to the reports, the Railway Minister has distanced himself from his nephew, who has been arrested by CBI last night in a case of bribery for allegedly fixing a top level position in Railway Board.

Railway Minister P K Bansal on Saturday said he had no business links with him and denied any wrongdoing.

In a statement, 64-year-old Bansal, who was made Railway Minister in October last year, claimed he has always observed highest standards of probity in public life and that nobody can influence his decisions.

He also sought an expeditious CBI inquiry into the issue.

“Regarding Friday’s incident involving my sister’s firm in a CBI raid at Chandigarh, I have to say that I have no knowledge or proof about the matter at all. Though a close relative, he or any other relative of mine does not and cannot meddle in my official function or influence my decision. There is also no business relationship between his and my family.

“I have always observed highest standard of probity in public life and look forward to an expeditious investigation by CBI in the matter”, he said in the statement.

Meanwhile, BJP and Forward Bloc have demanded the resignation of Railway Minister Pawan Bansal over the bribegate.

(With inputs from agencies)

http://www.niticentral.com/2013/05/04/bribegate-strikes-upa-government-73395.html

'Root causes' of Islamist jihadism -- Ali A. Rizvi

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Ali A. Rizvi

An Atheist Muslim's Perspective on the 'Root Causes' of Islamist Jihadism and the Politics of Islamophobia

Posted: 05/03/2013 10:09 pm

The ambassador answered us that [their right] was founded on the Laws of the Prophet, that it was written in their Koran, that all nations who should not have answered their authority were sinners, that it was their right and duty to make war upon them wherever they could be found, and to make slaves of all they could take as prisoners, and that every Mussulman who should be slain in battle was sure to go to Paradise.

 

The above passage is not a reference to a declaration by al Qaeda or some Iranian fatwa. They arethe words of Thomas Jefferson, then the U.S. ambassador to France, reporting to Secretary of State John Jay a conversation he'd had with Sidi Haji Abdul Rahman Adja, Tripoli's envoy to London, in 1786 -- more than two and a quarter centuries ago.

That is before al Qaeda and the Taliban, before the creation of Israel or the Arab-Israeli conflict, before Khomeini, before Saudi Arabia, before drones, before most Americans even knew what jihad or Islam was, and, most importantly, well before the United States had engaged in a single military incursion overseas or even had an established foreign policy.

At the time, thousands of American and European trade ships entering the Mediterranean had been targeted by pirates from the Muslim Barbary states (modern-day North Africa). More than a million Westerners had been kidnapped, imprisoned and enslaved. Tripoli was the nexus for these operations. Jefferson's attempts to negotiate resulted in deadlock, and he was told simply that the kidnapping and enslavement of the infidels would continue, tersely articulated by Adja in the exchange paraphrased above.

Adja's position wasn't a random one-off. This conflict continued for years, seminally resulting in the Treaty of Tripoli, signed into law by President John Adams in 1797. Article 11 of the document, a direct product of the United States' first-ever overseas conflict, contained these famous words, cementing America's fundamental commitment to secularism:

As the Government of the United States of America is not, in any sense, founded on the Christian religion; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquility, of Mussulmen; and, as the said States never entered into any war, or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, it is declared by the parties, that no pretext, arising from religious opinions, shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries.

Yes, the establishment of secularism in America back in the 18th century was largely related to a conflict with Islamist jihadism.

So where did Abdul Rahman Adja's bin Laden-esque words come from?

They couldn't have been a response to American imperialism (the start of the conflict precedes the presidency of George Washington), U.S. foreign policy, globalization, AIPAC or Islamophobia. Yet his words are virtually identical to those spouted ad nauseum by jihadists today who justify their bellicosity as a reaction to these U.S.-centric factors, which were nonexistent in Adja's time.

How do we make sense of this? Well, the common denominator here just happens to be the elephant in the room.

In the aftermath of the Boston Marathon bombings and the foiled al Qaeda-backed plot in Toronto, the "anything but jihad" brigade is out in full force again. If the perpetrators of such attacks say they were influenced by politics, nationalism, money, video games or hip-hop, we take their answers at face value. But when they repeatedly and consistently cite their religious beliefs as theircentral motivation, we back off, stroke our chins and suspect that there has to be something deeper at play, a "root cause."

The taboo against criticizing religion is still so astonishingly pervasive that centuries of hard lessons haven't yet opened our eyes to what has been apparent all along: It is often religion itself, not the "distortion," "hijacking," "misrepresentation" or "politicization" of religion, that is the root cause.

The recent attack on "new atheists" like Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris and the late Christopher Hitchens by Nathan Lean and Murtaza Hussain have been endorsed by renowned liberal writers like Glenn Greenwald, who has also recently joined a chorus of denialists convinced that jihad and religious fervor had nothing to do with the Tsarnaev brothers' motive, despite an abundance of evidence to the contrary. (HuffPost Live recently had a great segment holding Murtaza Hussain accountable for his claims.)

In a way, these attacks on Dawkins et al. are a good thing. Typically, resorting to ad hominemattacks and/or labeling the opposing side "bigoted" is a last resort, when the opponent is unable to generate a substantive counterargument.

This phenomenon can be wholly represented by loaded terms like "Islamophobia." As an atheist Muslim (I'm not a believer, but I love Eid, the feasts of Ramadan and my Muslim family and friends), I could be jailed or executed in my country of birththe country I grew up in and a host ofother Muslim countries around the world for writing this very piece. Obviously, this is an unsettling, scary feeling for me. You may describe that fear as a very literal form of "Islamophobia." But is that the same thing as anti-Muslim bigotry? No.

Semantics matter here. As much as I have differences with the contents of Islam's canonical texts, I know that most Muslims are good, peaceful people who have barely read the Quran and seldom follow it except for the occasional cherry-picking and hearsay, much like the adherents of any other religion. Most of the 1 billion Muslims in the world (with the largest populations in Indonesia, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) don't even understand Arabic.

I also understand that extremism in any ideology isn't a distortion of that ideology. It is an informed, steadfast adherence to its fundamentals, hence the term "fundamentalism." When you think of a left-wing extremist, do you think of a greedy capitalist? Would you imagine a right-wing extremist to be dedicated to government-funded social welfare programs? The "extremists" and strict followers of the Jain faith, which values the life of every being, including insects, don't killmore than their average co-religionists. Instead, they avoid eating foods stored overnight so as not to kill even the microorganisms that may have collected in the meantime. In a true religion of peace, the "extremists" would be nonviolent pacifists to an extreme (and perhaps annoying) degree, not the opposite.

Too often in the aftermath of these tragedies, whether they occur in Boston or Karachi, I notice people rushing to defend the faith from judgment instead of acknowledging the victims. If a link is considered or even discovered, everyone from the Western media to Hollywood deems that person "Islamophobic" for linking Islam to terrorism.

But the number-one reason that terrorism is linked with Islam is not the media or "Islamophobes." It is that jihadi terrorists link themselves with Islam. Timothy McVeigh (also a terrorist by any definition of the word) didn't yell "Jesus is great!" before carrying out the Oklahoma City bombing. His brand of terrorism wasn't linked to Christianity, because it wasn't carried out in the name of it. (In contrast, the bombing of abortion clinics is terrorism universally acknowledged as being linked with Christian religious extremism.)

This is not to say that anti-Muslim bigotry doesn't exist. As a Pakistani-born man raised in Libya and Saudi Arabia, I'll be the first to acknowledge that it does. Yes, racists and bigots do pop up, not just attacking peaceful Muslims but pushing Hindus into subways or murdering Sikhs because they wear turbans or have beards like some Muslims. Ignorance can have immensely tragic consequences.

However, denialism does not adequately counter it. As Asra Nomani has bravely and effectively argued in her article praising the attitude of the Tsarnaevs' uncle, the onus is on the Muslim community, not just here but the world over, to start dealing honestly with the parts of their religion that undeniably promote armed jihad.

This does not lose an individual any Muslim cred. Jews frequently profess their faith without justifying or defending passages in the Old Testament calling for the stoning to death of homosexuals, non-virginal brides or blasphemers. In fact, most of them condemn these ideas. Religious Catholics still identify with their faith in large numbers without agreeing with the pope on birth control, abortion or premarital sex. Like them, almost all Muslims cherry-pick the contents of their faith as well. Why not be honest about the parts you don't like? If you're being discriminated against, why not protect your people first instead of jumping to protect your beliefs, books or religion every time someone driven by them commits mass murder?

This is a key difference for "new atheists." To us, the fight against religious ideology isn't a struggleagainst human rights but a struggle for them. Human beings have rights and are entitled to respect. Books and beliefs don't and aren't.

Instead of judging these religions by the actions of a few, we judge them more objectively: by the contents of their sacred texts (revered by fundamentalists and moderates alike). To us, a simple reading of the Abrahamic holy books reveals endorsements of virtually all the oppressive and discriminatory systems that civil and human rights movements have tried to dismantle over time: patriarchy, misogyny, slavery, tribalism, xenophobia, totalitarianism and homophobia, all rolled into one.

Our critical words aren't an attack on people. They are a challenge to what we consider bad ideasthat drive bad behavior. Saying "smoking is bad" does not translate to "all smokers are bad people."

It is also important to understand why criticism, satire or mockery of any ideology isn't bigoted or racist. Criticizing capitalism does not make you an anti-capitalist "bigot." Criticizing religious ideology is no different. No one is born pre-circumcised or pre-baptized with a hijab or a yarmulke sewn to their heads. It is clear now, as it always has been, that ethnicity, gender, age, nationality, educational status, financial status, citizenship status, marital status and family background have little to do with Islamist terrorism. Before the Russian Tsarnaevs from North Caucasus, we've had Richard Reid, the Hispanic Jose Padilla, the Nigerian underwear bomber, California's Adam Gadahn and others. The only common denominator among them is Islamic belief and religious fervor, which is not a race or ethnicity.

For the longest time, Arabs and Muslims have rightly complained that labeling them anti-Semitic for legitimate criticism of Israeli policy was the Israeli government's ploy to shield itself from accountability. Today, Muslims (along with liberal apologist allies like Greenwald) are doing the same thing with their generously broad use of the "Islamophobia" label against the likes of Dawkins and Harris, both of whom have spoken against all religions equally, even if they contend (rightly so) that Islam poses a unique threat at this time because of its greatly increased influence on (and integration into) world politics, as Christianity had for centuries in Europe.

The most revolutionary human rights struggles in history have faced violent opposition, ostracization, alienation, insult and often injury and death for those engaged. The fight for women's rights took much more courage for women in the 1800s than for those born in the 21st century. Civil rights activists who spoke out at a time when lynchings were accepted and commonplace took on a much more dangerous task than those born in the America of Barack Obama. Countless LGBT activists have faced discrimination and cruelty throughout history (and continue to today) for openly advocating what 70 percent of America's youth now believe to be the right thing, no matter what it says in Leviticus 20:13.

Overall, "new atheists" think of religion the same way. It is considered sacred and untouchable now like white supremacy and patriarchy were less than a century ago. The consequences for speaking out against it are often as dire as they were for those who spoke out against white or male authority back then. But the secularist struggle is bearing fruit, here and elsewhere, particularly amongAmerica's youth.

To us, the "root causes" of jihadist terrorism are the same today as they were when Sidi Haji Abdul Rahman Adja said those historic words to Thomas Jefferson. We want to be honest about it so that we can actually do something about it.

For the fast-growing secularist/humanist movement, criticism of religion isn't a demonstration of bigotry but a struggle against it. To us, bigotry against bigotry isn't bigotry, and intolerance of intolerance isn't intolerance.

 

Follow Ali A. Rizvi on Twitter: www.twitter.com/aliamjadrizvi

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ali-a-rizvi/an-atheist-muslims-perspective-on-the-root-causes-of-islamist-jihadism-and-the-politics-of-islamophobia_b_3159286.html

Churchill on Islam (1899)

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Winston Churchill 1899.

"Individual Muslims may show splendid qualities, but the influence of the religion paralyses the social development of those who follow it.No stronger retrograde force exists in the world."

CHURCHILL ON ISLAM

The attached short speech from Winston Churchill, was delivered by him in 1899 when he was a young soldier and journalist. It probably sets out the current views of many, but expresses in the wonderful Churchillian turn of phrase and use of the English language, of which he was a past master. Sir Winston Churchill was, without doubt, one of the greatest men of the late 19th and 20th centuries.

He was a brave young soldier, a brilliant journalist, an extraordinary politician and statesman, a great war leader and British Prime Minister, to whom the Western world must be forever in his debt. He was a prophet in his own time. He died on 24th January 1965, at the grand old age of 90 and, after a lifetime of service to his country, was accorded a State funeral.


HERE IS THE SPEECH:

"How dreadful are the curses which Mohammedanism lays on its votaries! Besides the fanatical frenzy, which is as dangerous in a man as hydrophobia in a dog, there is this fearful fatalistic apathy. The effects are apparent in many countries, improvident habits, slovenly systems of agriculture, sluggish methods of commerce, and insecurity of property exist wherever the followers of the Prophet rule or live.

A degraded sensualism deprives this life of its grace and refinement, the next of its dignity and sanctity. The fact that in Mohammedan law every woman must belong to some man as his absolute property, either as a child, a wife, or a concubine, must delay the final extinction of slavery until the faith of Islam has ceased to be a great power among men.

Individual Muslims may show splendid qualities, but the influence of the religion paralyses the social development of those who follow it. No stronger retrograde force exists in the world. Far from being moribund, Mohammedanism is a militant and proselytizing faith. It has already spread throughout Central Africa, raising fearless warriors at every step; and were it not that Christianity is sheltered in the strong arms of science, the science against which it had vainly struggled, the civilization of modern Europe might fall, as fell the civilization of ancient Rome ..."

Sir Winston Churchill; (Source: The River War, first edition, Vol II, pages 248-250 London). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_River_War

It's party time for the Italian marines and flirting time for the Catholic establishment

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It’s party time for Italian marines at Embassy

Author: Cithara Paul

Published Date: Apr 22, 2013 8:03 AM
Last Updated: Apr 22, 2013 10:09 AM

It’s party time for the two Italian marines, who have allegedly killed two Indian fishermen off the Kerala coast.

The duo - Massimiliano Latorre and Salvatore Girone - currently put up at the Italian Embassy here, attended a birthday party on Saturday at the Vatican Embassy here. The occasion was the 50th birthday party of Monseigneur Gian Franco, Counsellor at the Vatican Embassy.

Along with the two marines, Italian Ambassador to India Daniele Mancini and a prominent political leader of the ruling party in Italy were also present from the Italian side. The guest list also included ambassadors from other countries. From the Indian side, Delhi Archbishop Anil J Couto of the Catholic Diocese; Christy Fernandes, secretary to former President Pratibha Patil; and his wife attended the party.

There were around 50 guests and the menu included beer, wine and, of course, Italian food.

The duo were seen freely mingling with the guests shaking hands with them, according to a source who attended the party. “They were seen puffing on cigarettes frequently,’’ said the source. In fact, it is not for the first time that the accused Italian marines have visited the Vatican Embassy. The duo had been regularly attending the Sunday Mass at the Vatican parish. “They have also attended the Easter Mass at the Chapel at the Vatican Embassy. And every time, they were accompanied by Italian Ambassador Mancini,’’ said another source.

Interestingly, these frequent visits to the Vatican Embassy are happening when the involvement of the Catholic Church in the whole matter is already a controversy. Secret visits by priests from Rome to meet the victims’ families and the resultant withdrawal of case by the family and the flip-flops by a powerful Cardinal from Kerala on the issue has made the “Catholic diplomacy” quite suspicious.

“The way the duo are being paraded by the Italian Ambassador and the manner in which the Catholic establishment is openly flirting with the accused is quite embarrassing,’’ said a diplomat who also attended the birthday party. Incidentally, he too is a Catholic.

The Italian Government had agreed to send the marines back to India after long diplomatic tussles after its initial refusal.

http://newindianexpress.com/nation/It%E2%80%99s-party-time-for-Italian-marines-at-Embassy/2013/04/22/article1555801.ece#
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